Journal ArticleDOI
Methods for evaluating changes in health care policy: the difference-in-differences approach.
Justin B. Dimick,Andrew M. Ryan +1 more
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TLDR
Two studies used the difference-in-differences approach to evaluate the changes that occurred following the 2011 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) duty hour reforms.Abstract:
Observational studies are commonly used to evaluate the changes in outcomes associated with health care policy implementation. An important limitation in using observational studies in this context is the need to control for background changes in outcomes that occur with time (eg, secular trends affecting outcomes). The difference-in-differences approach is increasingly applied to address this problem.1 In this issue of JAMA, studies by Rajaram and colleagues2 and Patel and colleagues3 used the difference-in-differences approach to evaluate the changes that occurred following the 2011 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) duty hour reforms. The 2 studies were conducted with different data sources and study populations but used similar methods.read more
Citations
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Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used national healthcare databases from the US Department of Veterans Affairs to build a cohort of 153,760 individuals with COVID-19, as well as two sets of control cohorts with 5,637,647 (contemporary controls) and 5,859,411 (historical controls) individuals, to estimate risks and 1-year burdens of a set of pre-specified incident cardiovascular outcomes.
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Designing Difference in Difference Studies: Best Practices for Public Health Policy Research
TL;DR: Key features of DID designs are reviewed with an emphasis on public health policy research and it is noted that combining elements from multiple quasi-experimental techniques may be important in the next wave of innovations to the DID approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of hospital participation in a quality reporting program with surgical outcomes and expenditures for Medicare beneficiaries.
TL;DR: With time, hospitals had progressively better surgical outcomes but enrollment in a national quality reporting program was not associated with the improved outcomes or lower Medicare payments among surgical patients.
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Difference-in-Differences Analysis of the Association Between State Same-Sex Marriage Policies and Adolescent Suicide Attempts.
TL;DR: State same- sex marriage policies were associated with a reduction in the proportion of high school students reporting suicide attempts, providing empirical evidence for an association between same-sex marriage policies and mental health outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Direct-To-Consumer Telehealth May Increase Access To Care But Does Not Decrease Spending
TL;DR: Commercial claims data on over 300,000 patients from three years (2011-13) is used to explore patterns of utilization and spending for acute respiratory illnesses and it is estimated that 12 percent of direct-to-consumer telehealth visits replaced visits to other providers, and 88 percent represented new utilization.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
How Much Should We Trust Differences-In-Differences Estimates?
TL;DR: In this article, the authors randomly generate placebo laws in state-level data on female wages from the Current Population Survey and use OLS to compute the DD estimate of its "effect" as well as the standard error of this estimate.
Posted Content
Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion
TL;DR: The core methods in today's econometric toolkit are linear regression for statistical control, instrumental variables methods for the analysis of natural experiments, and differences-in-differences methods that exploit policy changes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of the 2011 ACGME Resident Duty Hour Reform With General Surgery Patient Outcomes and With Resident Examination Performance
Ravi Rajaram,Jeanette W. Chung,Andrew T. Jones,Mark E. Cohen,Allison R. Dahlke,Clifford Y. Ko,John L. Tarpley,Frank R. Lewis,David B. Hoyt,Karl Y. Bilimoria,Karl Y. Bilimoria +10 more
TL;DR: Implementation of the 2011 ACGME duty hour reform was not associated with a change in general surgery patient outcomes or differences in resident examination performance, and the implications of these findings should be considered when evaluating the merit of the2011 ACGme dutyhour reform and revising related policies in the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of the 2011 ACGME Resident Duty Hour Reforms With Mortality and Readmissions Among Hospitalized Medicare Patients
Mitesh S. Patel,Kevin G. Volpp,Dylan S. Small,Alexander S. Hill,Orit Even-Shoshan,Lisa Rosenbaum,Richard N. Ross,Lisa M. Bellini,Jingsan Zhu,Jeffrey H. Silber +9 more
TL;DR: There were no significant differences in the change in 30-day mortality rates or 30- day all-cause readmission rates for those hospitalized in more intensive relative to less intensive teaching hospitals in the year after implementation of the 2011 ACGME duty hour reforms compared with those hospitalised in the 2 years before implementation.