Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling of the mass-transfer kinetics in chromatographic columns packed with shell and pellicular particles.
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The discussion of the contribution to the HETP of the mass-transfer resistances shows that shell particles exhibit much lower plate heights for large molecular size compounds than do fully porous particles, this advantage increasing with decreasing thickness of the shell.Abstract:
The equations of the general rate model of chromatography and those of simple models (the POR, equilibrium-dispersive, and transport-dispersive models) are derived for beds packed with shell particles. Shell particles are made of a solid, nonporous core surrounded by a shell of a porous material that has properties similar to those of the fully porous materials conventionally used in HPLC. These equations have no algebraic solutions, but the moments of the peaks eluted under linear conditions can be calculated, affording the HETP equation for these columns. The discussion of the contribution to the HETP of the mass-transfer resistances shows that shell particles exhibit much lower plate heights for large molecular size compounds (e.g., peptides and proteins) than do fully porous particles, this advantage increasing with decreasing thickness of the shell. In contrast, the efficiencies of columns packed with shell particles and with fully porous particles having the same diameters are nearly the same for lo...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Monolithic columns in high-performance liquid chromatography.
TL;DR: The actual and potential performance of monolithic columns are compared with those of packed columns andMonolithic columns have considerable advantages, which makes them most useful in many applications of liquid chromatography.
Journal ArticleDOI
Core–shell particles: Preparation, fundamentals and applications in high performance liquid chromatography
TL;DR: This review shows the types of core-shell particles and how they are generally prepared, focusing on the methods used to produce core- Shell silica particles for chromatographic applications, and the use of columns packed with core- shell particles in different types of liquid chromatography.
Journal ArticleDOI
Shell particles, trials, tribulations and triumphs.
TL;DR: The pressing needs to improve analytical throughputs forced particle manufacturers to find a better compromise between the demands for higher column efficiency that require short diffusion paths of analyte molecules in columns and the need for columns that can be operated with the conventional instruments for liquid chromatography, which operate with moderate column back-pressures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of Superficially-Porous Silica Particles for Fast HPLC: Some Performance Comparisons with Sub-2-µm Particles
TL;DR: Other operating features of fused-core particle columns are described, including sample loading characteristics and packed bed stability, which result in much-improved separation efficiency at higher mobile phase velocities, especially for > 600 molecular weight solutes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mass transfer kinetics, band broadening and column efficiency.
Fabrice Gritti,Georges Guiochon +1 more
TL;DR: This work underlines the areas in which improvements are needed, an understanding of the contribution of the external film mass transfer term, a better design of HPLC instruments providing a decrease of the extra-column band broadening contributions to the apparent HETP, and the development of better packing procedures giving more radially homogeneous column beds.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Liquid Mass Transfer at Very Low Reynolds Numbers in Packed Beds
E. J. Wilson,C. J. Geankoplis +1 more
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Mathematics of Adsorption in Beds. VI. The Effect of Longitudinal Diffusion in Ion Exchange and Chromatographic Columns
Leon Lapidus,Neal R. Amundson +1 more
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Contribution to the theory of chromatography : Linear non-equilibrium elution chromatography
TL;DR: In this paper, the Hermite polynomials were used to solve the problem of elution chromatography and the first moment is of basic significance for the determination of retention time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Axial and radial dispersion in fixed beds
TL;DR: In this paper, the dependence of axial and radial Peclet groups for dispersion of mass upon the Schmidt and Reynolds groups is correlated throughout the range of Reynolds number by fundamentally-based equations for beds of spherical and cylindrical particles.