Journal ArticleDOI
Origin of high mountains in the continents: The Southern Sierra Nevada
Brian P. Wernicke,Robert W. Clayton,Mihai N. Ducea,Craig H. Jones,Stephen K. Park,Stan Ruppert,Jason B. Saleeby,J. Kent Snow,Livia Squires,Moritz M. Fliedner,George R. Jiracek,Randy Keller,Simon L. Klemperer,James H. Luetgert,Peter Malin,Kate C. Miller,Walter D. Mooney,Howard W. Oliver,Robert A. Phinney +18 more
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Active and passive seismic experiments show that the southern Sierra, despite standing 1.8 to 2.8 kilometers above its surroundings, is underlain by crust of similar seismic thickness, about 30 to 40 kilometers.Abstract:
Active and passive seismic experiments show that the southern Sierra, despite standing 1.8 to 2.8 kilometers above its surroundings, is underlain by crust of similar seismic thickness, about 30 to 40 kilometers. Thermobarometry of xenolith suites and magnetotelluric profiles indicate that the upper mantle is eclogitic to depths of 60 kilometers beneath the western and central parts of the range, but little subcrustal lithosphere is present beneath the eastern High Sierra and adjacent Basin and Range. These and other data imply the crust of both the High Sierra and Basin and Range thinned by a factor of 2 since 20 million years ago, at odds with purported late Cenozoic regional uplift of some 2 kilometers.read more
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Book ChapterDOI
Composition of the Continental Crust
Roberta L. Rudnick,Shan Gao +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the present-day composition of the continental crust, the methods employed to derive these estimates, and the implications of continental crust composition for the formation of the continents, Earth differentiation, and its geochemical inventories are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mycorrhizal fungal diversity determines plant biodiversity, ecosystem variability and productivity
Marcel G. A. van der Heijden,John N. Klironomos,Margot Ursic,Peter Moutoglis,R. Streitwolf-Engel,Thomas Boller,Andres Wiemken,Ian R. Sanders +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that below-ground diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a major factor contributing to the maintenance of plant biodiversity and to ecosystem functioning, and that microbial interactions can drive ecosystem functions such as plant biodiversity, productivity and variability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Late Jurassic to Eocene evolution of the Cordilleran thrust belt and foreland basin system, western U.S.A.
TL;DR: Geochronological, structural, and sedimentological data provide the basis for a regional synthesis of the evolution of the Cordilleran retroarc thrust belt and foreland basin system in the western USA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical composition of the continental crust as revealed by studies in East China
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported abundances of sixty-three major, trace, and rare earth elements in the upper crust in five tectonic units (the interior and southern margin of the North China craton, the North and South Qinling orogenic belts, and the Yangtze craton) of central East China and the study area as a whole.
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Journal ArticleDOI
The velocity of compressional waves in rocks to 10 kilobars: 1.
TL;DR: The velocity of compressional waves has been determined by measurement of travel time of pulses in specimens of rock at pressures to 10 kilobars and room temperature as mentioned in this paper, mainly igneous and metamorphic rocks, furnished three specimens oriented at right angles to one another.
Journal ArticleDOI
Uniform-sense normal simple shear of the continental lithosphere
TL;DR: In this article, the authors suggest that the thin crust characteristic of the Basin and Range Province extends eastward beneath the west margin of the Colorado Plateau and the Rocky Mountain regions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decomposition of magnetotelluric impedance tensors in the presence of local three-dimensional galvanic distortion
Ross W. Groom,Richard C. Bailey +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a decomposition of the magnetotelluric impedance tensor which separates the effects of 3-D channeling from those of 2-D induction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regression diagnostics and robust regression in geothermometer/geobarometer calibration: the garnet-clinopyroxene geothermometer revisited
TL;DR: In this paper, a new geothermometer equation for garnet-clinopyroxene Fe-Mg exchange was derived using robust regression and based on all the data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deep seismic reflection evidence for continental underthrusting beneath southern Tibet
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used deep seismic reflection profiling to image the structure of the crust of the Tethyan Himalaya and found that the Indian plate is underthrusting southern Tibet.
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