Journal ArticleDOI
Overweight Prevalence and Trends for Children and Adolescents: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1963 to 1991
Richard P. Troiano,Katherine M. Flegal,Robert J. Kuczmarski,Stephen Campbell,Clifford L. Johnson +4 more
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TLDR
Increasing overweight among youths implies a need to focus on primary prevention, and attempts to increase physical activity may provide a means to address this important public health problem.Abstract:
Objective: To examine prevalence of overweight and trends in overweight for children and adolescents in the US population. Design: Nationally representative cross-sectional surveys with an in-person interview and a medical examination, including measurement of height and weight. Participants: Between 3000 and 14000 youths aged 6 through 17 years examined in each of five separate national surveys during 1963 to 1965, 1966 to 1970, 1971 to 1974, 1976 to 1980, and 1988 to 1991 (Cycles II and III of the National Health Examination Survey, and the first, second, and third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, respectively). Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence of overweight based on body mass index and 85th or 95th percentile cutoff points from Cycles II and III of the National Health Examination Survey. Results: From 1988 to 1991, the prevalence of over-weight was 10.9% based on the 95th percentile and 22% based on the 85th percentile. Overweight prevalence increased during the period examined among all sex and age groups. The increase was greatest since 1976 to 1980, similar to findings previously reported for adults in the United States. Conclusions: Increasing overweight among youths implies a need to focus on primary prevention. Attempts to increase physical activity may provide a means to address this important public health problem. (Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1995;149:1085-1091)read more
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CDC growth charts; United States
Robert J. Kuczmarski,Cynthia L. Ogden,Laurence M. Grummer-Strawn,Katherine M. Flegal,Shumei S. Guo,Rong Wei,Zuguo Mei,Lester R. Curtin,Alex F. Roche,Clifford L. Johnson +9 more
TL;DR: Created with improved data and statistical curve smoothing procedures, the United States growth charts represent an enhanced instrument to evaluate the size and growth of infants and children.
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Prevalence and trends in overweight among us children and adolescents, 1999-2000
TL;DR: The prevalence of overweight among children in the United States is continuing to increase, especially among Mexican-American and non-Hispanic black adolescents.
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Predicting Obesity in Young Adulthood from Childhood and Parental Obesity
TL;DR: Obese children under three years of age without obese parents are at low risk for obesity in adulthood, but among older children, obesity is an increasingly important predictor of adult obesity, regardless of whether the parents are obese.
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The Relation of Overweight to Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Children and Adolescents: The Bogalusa Heart Study
TL;DR: Because overweight is associated with various risk factors even among young children, it is possible that the successful prevention and treatment of obesity in childhood could reduce the adult incidence of cardiovascular disease.
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Relation between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and childhood obesity: a prospective, observational analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the association between baseline and change in consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks (the independent variables), and difference in measures of obesity, with linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for potentially confounding variables and clustering of results within schools.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Increasing Prevalence of Overweight Among US Adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1960 to 1991
TL;DR: Observed trends in overweight prevalence and body mass index of the US adult population suggest that the Healthy People 2000 objective of reducing the prevalence of overweight US adults to no more than 20% may not be met by the year 2000.
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Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.
TL;DR: The US Public Health Service recently completed and published Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives, representing the work of citizens, professionals, organizations, and communities, and the cooperation of numerous federal agencies.
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Long-term morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents. A follow-up of the Harvard Growth Study of 1922 to 1935.
TL;DR: Overweight in adolescence predicted a broad range of adverse health effects that were independent of adult weight after 55 years of follow-up and was a more powerful predictor of these risks than overweight in adulthood.
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Do Obese Children Become Obese Adults? A Review of the Literature
TL;DR: Although the correlations between anthropometric measures of obesity in childhood and those in adulthood varied considerably among studies, the associations were consistently positive and the risk of adult obesity was at least twice as high for obese children as for nonobese children.
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Social and Economic Consequences of Overweight in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
TL;DR: Overweight during adolescence has important social and economic consequences, which are greater than those of many other chronic physical conditions and discrimination against overweight persons may account for these results.