Journal ArticleDOI
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy with ultrasonography‐guided renal access: experience from over 300 cases
Mahmoud Osman,Gunnar Wendt-Nordahl,Katrin Heger,Maurice Stephan Michel,Peter Alken,Thomas Knoll +5 more
TLDR
To report the experience with over 300 patients treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), for although PNL was established as a treatment in the 1970s, its use diminished with the introduction of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL); clinical experience with ESWL showed its limitations.Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To report our experience with over 300 patients treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), for although PNL was established as a treatment in the 1970s, its use diminished with the introduction of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL); clinical experience with ESWL showed its limitations, and the role of PNL for treating urolithiasis was redefined, which with improvements in instruments and lithotripsy technology has expanded the capability of percutaneous stone disintegration. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 315 patients (156 males, 159 females, aged 13-85 years) treated with PNL in our department between 1987 and 2002. The mean (range) stone diameter was 27 (7-52) mm. The kidney was punctured under ultrasonography guidance via a lower-pole calyx whenever possible. The working channel was dilated using an Alken dilator under X-ray control. If necessary, a flexible renoscope was used. Ultrasonic, pneumatic and laser probes were used for lithotripsy. RESULTS Four weeks after treatment the total stone-free rate was 96.5%; 45.7% of all patients were primarily stone-free, 21.3% had clinically insignificant residual stones that passed spontaneously within 4 weeks after PNL, and 33% of the patients needed auxiliary measures (a second PNL, ESWL, ureterorenoscopy). Overall, the early complication rate was 50.8%, the most common complications being transient fever (27.6%), clinically insignificant bleeding (7.6%) or both (3.2%); 3.5% of the patients developed urinary tract infections (with no signs of urosepsis), 3.2% had renal colic and 2.9% upper urinary tract obstruction. One patient (0.3%) developed acute pancreatitis after PNL; one died from urosepsis and one needed selective angiographic embolization of the punctured kidney due to bleeding. No patient required transfusions and there were no injuries to neighbouring organs. CONCLUSIONS These results show that PNL causes no significant blood loss or major complications in almost all patients. Two aspects may especially reduce the potential complications: ultrasonography-guided renal puncture and using PNL in an experienced centre. PNL is a highly efficient procedure that provides fast and safe stone removal.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Complications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
TL;DR: A step-by-step approach to percutaneous nephrolithotomy and its complications and management is focused on, with the most important consideration for achieving consistently successful outcomes in PNL with minimal major complications being the correct selection of patients.
Guidelines on Urological Infections
Magnus Grabe,Riccardo Bartoletti,T. Tony Cai,Béla Köves,Peter Tenke,Florian M.E. Wagenlehner,Björn Wullt +6 more
TL;DR: It is essential to limit the use of antibiotics in general and fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins in particular, especially in uncomplicated infections and asymptomatic bacteriuria.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Global Study: indications, complications, and outcomes in 5803 patients.
Jean J.M.C.H. de la Rosette,Dean G. Assimos,Mahesh Desai,Jorge Gutierrez,James E. Lingeman,Roberto Mario Scarpa,Ahmet Tefekli +6 more
TL;DR: With a high success rate and a low major complication rate, PCNL is an effective and safe technique overall for minimally invasive removal of kidney stones.
Journal ArticleDOI
Classification of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Complications Using the Modified Clavien Grading System: Looking for a Standard
Ahmet Tefekli,Mert Ali Karadag,Kadir Tepeler,Erhan Sari,Yalcin Berberoglu,Murat Baykal,Omer Sarilar,Ahmet Yaser Muslumanoglu +7 more
TL;DR: A graded classification scheme for reporting the complications of PNL may be useful for monitoring and reporting outcomes, however, minor modifications concerning auxiliary treatments are needed and further studies are awaited.
Journal ArticleDOI
Incidence, prevention, and management of complications following percutaneous nephrolitholapaxy.
Christian Seitz,Mahesh Desai,Axel Häcker,Oliver W. Hakenberg,Evangelos Liatsikos,Udo Nagele,David A. Tolley +6 more
TL;DR: Complications after PNL can be kept to a minimum in experienced hands with the development of new techniques and improved technology and a modified procedure-specific Clavien classification should be established that would need to be validated in prospective trials.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Complications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
TL;DR: A step-by-step approach to percutaneous nephrolithotomy and its complications and management is focused on, with the most important consideration for achieving consistently successful outcomes in PNL with minimal major complications being the correct selection of patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
First clinical experience with extracorporeally induced destruction of kidney stones by shock waves
TL;DR: The extracorporeally induced destruction of kidney stones was used successfully in all patients with stones in the renal pelvis and in none of these patients was an open operation required.
Journal ArticleDOI
Percutaneous Removal of Kidney Stones: Review of 1,000 Cases
Joseph W. Segura,Davide E. Patterson,Andrew J. LeRoy,Hugh J. Williams,David M. Barrett,Ralph C. Benson,Gerald R. May,Claire E. Bender +7 more
TL;DR: Percutaneous techniques are an effective way to handle the majority of renal calculi and these techniques will continue to be important as shock wave lithotripsy becomes more widespread in the United States.
Journal ArticleDOI
Complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy
TL;DR: Of 582 patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy, 4% had complications and there were two deaths--one from respiratory failure in a patient with severe interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and chronic renal failure and the other from myocardial infarction in an obese diabetic patient with hypertension.
Journal ArticleDOI
Management of Hemorrhage After Percutaneous Renal Surgery
TL;DR: Angiography and embolization are recommended in the immediate postoperative period when clamping of the nephrostomy tube and a tamponade balloon catheter fail to control hemorrhage and in the early postoperatively period when the patient requires 3 or 4 units of blood after replacement of the initial blood loss.