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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Performance modeling of message-driven based energy-efficient routing in delay-tolerant networks with individual node selfishness

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TLDR
A message-driven based algorithm add-on to the existing routing protocols, such as Epidemic Routing and Two-Hop Routing, that enables forwards based on individual message lifetime and delivery requirements, there by improving energy efficiency.
Abstract
Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are wireless mobile networks having intermittent connectivity among the nodes. DTN nodes mostly operate on limited battery power. Hence, in such networks, there is an immediate need to have energy efficient routing protocol, allowing the network to perform better and live longer for a message with lifetime Et and delivery probability Dp. Most of the work in DTN assumes that all the nodes are co-operative in nature, but in real world, all nodes are not always co-operative, and show some form of selfishness. We propose a message-driven based algorithm add-on to the existing routing protocols (such as Epidemic Routing (ER) and Two-Hop Routing (2HR)), that enables forwards based on individual message lifetime and delivery requirements, there by improving energy efficiency. Further we analytically model the performance of these protocols with energy-efficiency add-on in DTN, with individual node selfishness using Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). The results show that the proposed energy-efficient add-on improves the energy efficiency up to 90% for both ER and 2HR protocols. The analysis is validated through extensive simulation.

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Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Living on the edge: Monitoring network flows at the edge in cloud data centers

TL;DR: The design and implementation of EMC2 - a scalable network wide monitoring service for cloud data centers is presented and an extensive evaluation of various switch based flow monitoring techniques are conducted to indicate that while layer-3 flow monitoring protocols such as NetFlow can give a very good network coverage without using too many resources, protocols that sample packet headers need to be carefully configured.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Energy-Efficient Routing in Multi-Community DTN with Social Selfishness Considerations

TL;DR: An energy-efficient copy-limit-optimized algorithm based on the Box's complex method for epidemic routing is proposed, which is designed to determine the optimal copy limit in multiple communities, and can improve the energy efficiency effectively.
Journal ArticleDOI

Energy-Aware Forwarding Strategies for Delay Tolerant Network Routing Protocols

TL;DR: This paper proposes three new network protocol strategies to extend common DTN routing protocols, and considers the available energy to achieve efficient utilization of the node’s energy in transmission and sensing, and enhances packet delivery rates up to 13% by carefully using the limited energy resources.
Book ChapterDOI

A Survey on Energy-Efficient Techniques to Reduce Energy Consumption in Delay Tolerant Networks

TL;DR: The various techniques to achieve energy efficiency in Delay Tolerant Networks are described, which allow for reducing the transmission energy consumption and increasing the lifetime of the node and the probability of delivering the bundle.
Patent

Energy-efficiency based message forwarding method for tolerant network

TL;DR: In this paper, an energy-efficiency based message forwarding method for tolerant networks is proposed, in which the number of copies of messages which meet the conditions and are of small energy consumption is calculated and selected according to the contact rate of network nodes and the probability of message delivery and other information under the conditions that two cells are developed in the tolerant network and social selfishness is shown, wherein the activeness of the nodes and optimal number K of the copies of the message delivered from a source node to a target node are calculated, then the message cannot be forwarded until meeting the target
References
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Epidemic routing for partially-connected ad hoc networks

TL;DR: This work introduces Epidemic Routing, where random pair-wise exchanges of messages among mobile hosts ensure eventual message delivery and achieves eventual delivery of 100% of messages with reasonable aggregate resource consumption in a number of interesting scenarios.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

A delay-tolerant network architecture for challenged internets

TL;DR: This work proposes a network architecture and application interface structured around optionally-reliable asynchronous message forwarding, with limited expectations of end-to-end connectivity and node resources.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Data MULEs: modeling a three-tier architecture for sparse sensor networks

TL;DR: This paper presents and analyzes an architecture to collect sensor data in sparse sensor networks that exploits the presence of mobile entities present in the environment and incorporates key system variables such as number of MULEs, sensors and access points.
Journal ArticleDOI

Delay-tolerant networking: an approach to interplanetary Internet

TL;DR: This work identifies three fundamental principles that would underlie a delay-tolerant networking (DTN) architecture and describes the main structural elements of that architecture, centered on a new end-to-end overlay network protocol called Bundling.
Journal ArticleDOI

Performance modeling of epidemic routing

TL;DR: A rigorous, unified framework based on ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to study epidemic routing and its variations is developed, investigating how resources such as buffer space and the number of copies made for a packet can be traded for faster delivery.
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