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Plasma whirl reactor apparatus and methods of use

Todd L. Foret
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TLDR
In this article, an apparatus for synergistically combining a plasma with a comminution means such as a fluid kinetic energy mill (jet mill), preferably in a single reactor and/or in single process step is provided.
Abstract
An apparatus for synergistically combining a plasma with a comminution means such as a fluid kinetic energy mill (jet mill), preferably in a single reactor and/or in a single process step is provided by the present invention. Within the apparatus of the invention potential energy is converted into kinetic energy and subsequently into angular momentum by means of wave energy, for comminuting, reacting and separation of feed materials. Methods of use of the apparatus in the practice of various processes are also provided by the present invention.

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Power cable with an overmolded probe for power transfer to a non-thermal plasma generator and a method for constructing the overmolded probe

Farrell Peter
TL;DR: In this paper, a transfer module for transferring power to a non-thermal plasma generator includes a power cable, a first epoxy, a second epoxy and a well; the power cable including a conductor for conducting electrical power and an insulation layer for surrounding a portion of the conductor.
Patent

Structured composite materials

TL;DR: In this paper, a method of producing a structured composite material is described, where a porous media is provided, an electrically conductive material is deposited on surfaces or within pores of the plurality of porous media particles, and an active material is injected on the surfaces or in the pores of a plurality of particles coated with the electricallyconductive material to coalesce the particles together.
Patent

Device for modifying surface of crop straw through low-temperature plasma

Zhou Yun
TL;DR: In this article, a low-temperature plasma gun was used to modify the surface of crop straw through low temperature plasma, and a variable-speed material supply device clamps the crop straw at a lower rotation speed firstly and then increases the rotation speed to the work speed of the power device.
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Apparatus for steam plasma arc hydrolysis of ozone depleting substances

TL;DR: In this paper, an apparatus for the destruction of a precursor material including a steam plasma reactor having a high temperature zone and a combustion zone is described, and a quenching unit is provided at the exit end of the reactor to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products.
Patent

Liquid vaporization plasma structure

Wang Xiaodong, +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a liquid vaporized plasma structure including a shell, an oil tank is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the shell, and diesel oil in the oil tank provides energy to enable a cooking bench to work to heat a vaporization box.
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Conductively heating a subterranean oil shale to create permeability and subsequently produce oil

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe an underground interval of oil shale that is conductively heated from borehole interiors which are kept hotter than about 600° C and are heated at a rate such that kerogen pyrolysis products formed within the oil shale create and flow through horizontal fractures which subsequently extend into fluid-producing wells that are positioned in specified locations.
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In-situ tuned microwave oil extraction process

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of microwave flooding, plasma torch activation, molecular cracking and selective heating are used to heat the oil within the reservoir, by controlling frequency, intensity, duration, direction and wave form of the electromagnetic field.
Patent

Apparatus and method for the recovery of fuel products from subterranean deposits of carbonaceous matter using a plasma arc

TL;DR: In this article, a plasma arc torch is used as a heat source for recovering useful fuel products from in situ coal, tar sands, oil shale, and the like, where the fixed carbon is gasified by reaction with steam that is sprayed into the devolatilized area.
Patent

Thermal processes for subsurface formations

TL;DR: A process may include providing heat from one or more heaters to at least a portion of a subsurface formation as discussed by the authors, which is referred to as pyrolyzing.
Patent

Method and apparatus for conversion of coal in situ

TL;DR: In this article, an underground probe is inserted into a bore hole until the probe is in close proximity to a coal seam, and a mixture of air, steam, an electrolyte and a suitable catalyst is supplied to the probe, and the mixture is then sprayed directly on the coal seam through a passage in a nozzle.