Pornography and Sexual Aggression.

The study of men's coercive sexuality: What course should it take?

This article uses social dominance theory (SDT) to explore the systemic nature of the initiation and maintenance of organizational corruption. Rooted in the definition of organizational corruption as the misuse of power or position for personal or organizational gain, this work suggests that organizational corruption is driven by the individual and institutional tendency to structure societies as group-based social hierarchies. SDT describes a series of factors and processes across multiple levels of analysis that systemically contribute to the initiation and maintenance of social hierarchies and associated power inequalities, favoritism, and discrimination. I posit that the same factors and processes also contribute to individuals’ lower awareness of the misuse of power and position within the social hierarchies, leading to the initiation and maintenance of organizational corruption. Specifically, members of the dominant groups supporting group-based hierarchies are likely to be less aware of corruption because of their feeling of entitlement to larger amounts of power and their desire to maintain dominant status, even if that requires exploiting others. Members of the subordinate groups supporting group-based hierarchies are also likely to have lower awareness of corruption if they show more favoritism toward dominant group members in order to enhance their sense of worth and preserve social order. Institutions contribute to lower awareness of corruption by developing and enforcing structures, norms, and practices that promote informational ambiguity and maximize focus on dominance. The coordination among individuals and institutions is ensured through the processes of personenvironment fit and legitimizing myths. Understanding how the individual and institutional support of social hierarchies and inequalities contribute to lower ethical awareness, managers may configure organizations in ways that curtail corruption.

Additional excerpts

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How does power corrupt ? : the way individual and institutional support of social hierarchies influences unethical behavior

The turnaround on pornography research: Some implications for psychology and women.

homophobia Present subjects were 21 male volunteers, aged 19 to 22 yr., self-reported as being heterosexual. Subjects were randomly assigned to three groups. Each group viewed a 15-min. segment from a cornrnerc~ally avadable videotape prior to completing a modified wordassociation measure of aggressiveness (1) and the Index of I-Iomophobia (2). The Treatment Group viewed a segment from a pornographic videotape entitled Lucky Lourn which contained sexually explicit scenes of homosexual intercourse. Control Group 1 viewed a segment from Porky?, an R-rated videotape containing sexual humor and scenes of female nudity. Control Group 2 viewed a segment from the classic comedy, My Little Chickadee. Mean scores on the aggressiveness measure for the treatment and control groups were 29.5, 20.1, and 28.8, respectively. Homophobia scores for these groups were 83.6, 69.9, and 68.1, respectively. SigniEicance tests were conducted at the .05 level. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences among the groups on both measures. Post hoc comparisons were conducted by Scheff6's test, showing that the mean aggression score of Control Group 1 was significantly less than those of the other two groups. The mean homophobia score was significantly higher for the treatment group than the control group. While the strength of any conclusions drawn must be limited by the small sample, it appears that exposure to a video containing sexual humor and nudity is associated with lower scores on aggressiveness than exposure to an explicit portrayal of homosexual acts which appears to be related to greater homophobia.

Pornography and Sexual Aggression.

Citations

The study of men's coercive sexuality: What course should it take?

How does power corrupt ? : the way individual and institutional support of social hierarchies influences unethical behavior

The turnaround on pornography research: Some implications for psychology and women.

Effect of exposure to sexually explicit homoerotic material on aggressiveness and homophobia in heterosexual college students

Misrepresentation of pornography research: Psychology's role.

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