Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of nonlinear acoustic effects at biomedical frequencies and intensities
T.G. Muir,Edwin L. Carstensen +1 more
TLDR
The simplified results of several theoretical derivations are presented and employed in illustrative calculations and plots to ascertain the importance of nonlinear effects in applications involving plane waves, spherically diverging waves, and spheric converging waves.Abstract:
Some fundamentals of nonlinear acoustics are reviewed to facilitate their consideration in biomedical ultrasound. The phenomena described include acoustic nonlinearity, finite amplitude distortion, shock formation, harmonic components, nonlinearly induced absorption, saturation, and the influence of these effects on ultrasonic beams. The simplified results of several theoretical derivations are presented and employed in illustrative calculations and plots. These maybe used to ascertain the importance of nonlinear effects in applications involving plane waves, spherically diverging waves, and spherically converging (focused) waves. A discussion of relevant experiments is given, along with some comments on possible consequences in diagnostic, surgical, and theraputic applications.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical use of ultrasound tissue harmonic imaging
TL;DR: This imaging mode could be used in different organs with a heightening of low-contrast lesions through artefact reduction, as well as by the induced greater intrinsic contrast sensitivity of the harmonic imaging mode.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonlinear acoustics in diagnostic ultrasound.
TL;DR: B/A has promise as a parameter for tissue characterisation, but methods for imaging B/A have shown limited success and nonlinear effects are of considerable importance during acoustic measurements, especially when these are used to predict in situ exposure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbubble ultrasound contrast agents: a review.
Eleanor Stride,Nader Saffari +1 more
TL;DR: In this review the existing theoretical and experimental evidence is examined in order to clarify the extent to which contrast agents are currently understood and to identify areas for future research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonlinear propagation applied to the improvement of resolution in diagnostic medical ultrasound
TL;DR: This work demonstrates the feasibility of nonlinear harmonic imaging in medical scanners using a simple broadband imaging arrangement in water using a 2.25-MHz circular transducer, membrane hydrophone, and polymer lens with a focal length of 262 mm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of nonlinear propagation, cavitation, and boiling in lesion formation by high intensity focused ultrasound in a gel phantom
Vera A. Khokhlova,Michael R. Bailey,Justin A. Reed,Bryan W. Cunitz,Peter J. Kaczkowski,Lawrence A. Crum +5 more
TL;DR: Through overpressure experiments it was shown that both nonlinear propagation and cavitation mechanisms participate in accelerating lesion inception and growth, but no lesion displacement or distortion was observed in the absence of boiling.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Connection between the Fay and Fubini Solutions for Plane Sound Waves of Finite Amplitude
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed Fay and Fubini's well-known solutions for plane, progressive, periodic sound waves of finite amplitude and found that for distances greater than 3.5 shock-formation lengths, the general solution is practically indistinguishable from the sawtooth solution, which is the limiting form of Fay's solution for strong waves.
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Demonstration of nonlinear acoustical effects at biomedical frequencies and intensities.
TL;DR: Examples of nonlinear acoustic phenomena in water in the range of frequencies and intensities of interest for biomedical ultrasound are provided and simple adaptation of the theory summarized in a companion paper leads to predictions which are in excellent agreement with the observations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermoviscous Attenuation of Plane, Periodic, Finite‐Amplitude Sound Waves
TL;DR: In this article, a plane progressive wave of finite amplitude in a thermoviscous fluid is considered, where the wave is taken to be purely sinusoidal in shape at its source.