Journal ArticleDOI
Rape as a weapon of war in modern conflicts.
Coleen Kivlahan,Nate Ewigman +1 more
TLDR
Families and communities are victims, as well as individuals, of the disasters that affect them.Abstract:
Families and communities are victims, as well as individuals
Rape is deployed as a weapon of war in countries throughout the world, from Bosnia to Sudan, Peru to Tibet.1 Rape includes lack of consent to sex as well as provision of sex to avoid harm and obtain basic necessities. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court recognises that rape and other forms of sexual violence by combatants in the conduct of armed conflict are war crimes and can constitute genocide.2 Sexual violence such as forced marriage, female genital mutilation, and rape as a precursor to murder constitute torture under international law and are breaches of the Geneva Convention.2 Rape, as with all terror warfare, is not exclusively an attack on the body—it is an attack on the “body politic.” Its goal is not to maim or kill one person but to control an entire sociopolitical process by crippling it. It is an attack directed equally against personal identity and cultural integrity.2
Rape has long been perpetrated during war. Since the second world war, however, rape has assumed strategic importance, and is now a deliberate military strategy.3 Women are now not only raped but physically scarred and mutilated.4 In recent conflicts, rape has been used as a reward for victory in battle, a boost to troop …read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Burden of Human Papillomavirus Infections and Related Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa
Hugo De Vuyst,Laia Alemany,Charles J.N. Lacey,Carla J. Chibwesha,Vikrant V. Sahasrabuddhe,Cecily Banura,Lynette Denny,Groesbeck P. Parham +7 more
TL;DR: Strategies to reduce the excessive burden of HPV-related diseases in SSA include age-appropriate prophylactic HPV vaccination, cervical cancer prevention services for women of the reproductive ages, and control of HIV/AIDS.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Dynamics of Health and Return Migration
TL;DR: In the final article in a six-part PLoS Medicine; series on Migration & Health, Anita Davies and colleagues from the International Organization for Migration discuss the specific health risks and policy needs associated with return migration.
Journal ArticleDOI
The psychological impact of torture
TL;DR: Reviews of psychological treatment studies tend to be focused either on PTSD diagnosis and use protocol-driven treatment, usually in the developed world, or on multiple problems using multimodal treatment including advocacy and welfare interventions,Usually in the developing world, and some of the major criticisms are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
The older patient with syncope: Practicalities and controversies
TL;DR: A review of the existing literature highlighting the epidemiology, aetiology, clinical features, investigation and management strategies of syncope in the older population suggests a lower threshold for investigation is necessary.
Journal ArticleDOI
How the Taliban undermined community healthcare in Swat, Pakistan
TL;DR: Iftikhar Ud Din, Zubia Mumtaz, and Anushka Ataullahjan examine the difficulties experienced by Pakistan’s lady health workers.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiology of trauma: frequency and impact of different potentially traumatic events on different demographic groups.
TL;DR: The frequency and impact of 10 potentially traumatic events were examined in a sample of 1,000 adults drawn from four southeastern cities, the sample was half Black, half White, half male, half female, and evenly divided among younger, middle-aged, and older adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sexual assault and mental disorders in a community population.
M. A. Burnam,Judith A. Stein,J. M. Golding,Judith M. Siegel,Susan B. Sorenson,A. B. Forsythe,C. A. Telles +6 more
TL;DR: A cross-sectional probability survey of 3132 household adults was conducted in two Los Angeles communities in order to examine the relationship between sexual assault and prevalence of 9 major mental disorders as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sexual assault history and physical health in randomly selected Los Angeles women
TL;DR: Sexually assaulted women were more likely than nonassaulted women to report poor health perceptions, functional limitation, several chronic diseases, medically explained somatic symptoms, and medically unexplained somatic Symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rape as a Weapon of War
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine how rape of women and girls by male soldiers works as a martial weapon and discuss the inadequacy of past philosophical treatments of the enslavement of war captives.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of war-related sexual violence and other human rights abuses among internally displaced persons in Sierra Leone.
Lynn L. Amowitz,Chen Reis,Kristina Hare Lyons,Beth Vann,Binta Mansaray,Adyinka M. Akinsulure-Smith,Louise Taylor,Vincent Iacopino +7 more
TL;DR: Sexual violence committed by combatants in Sierra Leone was widespread and was perpetrated in the context of a high level of human rights abuses against the civilian population.