Journal ArticleDOI
Rape Myth Acceptance in Men Who Completed the Prostitution Offender Program of British Columbia
TLDR
Results reveal that age, education, use of pornography, ideal frequency of intercourse, and believing that purchasing sex is a problem are all negatively correlated with rape myth acceptance.Abstract:
In an effort to characterize the attitudes and characteristics of men who solicit sex, this study investigated rape myth acceptance as assessed by a modification of Burt's Rape Myth Acceptance Scale. The participants were all men who took part in the Prostitution Offender Program of British Columbia after being arrested for attempting to solicit sex from an undercover police officer. Relationships between endorsement of rape myths, other attitudes, sexual behavior, and demographic variables were examined. Results reveal that age, education, use of pornography, ideal frequency of intercourse, and believing that purchasing sex is a problem are all negatively correlated with rape myth acceptance. Positive correlations were found between rape myth acceptance and sexual conservatism, sexual violence/coercion, and social desirability. Results are discussed in terms of the association between rape myth acceptance and the violence frequently perpetrated against those working in the sex trade.read more
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Sex for Sale: Prostitution, Pornography, and the Sex Industry
Abstract: How do poor people cope with, and even make sense of, toxic danger? This book is a ‘‘story of silent habituation to contamination and of almost complete absence of mass protest against toxic onslaught’’ (p. 4). As such, it is distinct from much of the social movement literature, and also the ethnographies of the poor. The dependent variable in the social movement literature is community protest; we find protest, and try to explain its appearance, citing such things as ‘‘cognitive liberation.’’ But what about the many more communities that would seem ripe for protest, but do not? How, in particular, can we explain the ‘‘silent habituation to contamination’’ that is often associated with slum communities? Why the ‘‘perpetuation of ignorance, mistake, and confusion’’ (p. 8) on the part of the residents, despite ample evidence of contamination? The book explores ‘‘the reproduction of uncertainty, misunderstanding, division, and ultimately, inaction in the face of sustained toxic assault’’ (p. 8). ‘‘Uncertainty and ignorance,’’ they claim ‘‘have not been a dominant focus among ethnographers’’ (p. 12). True or not, here the authors explore it in rich detail. The place is a settlement on the edge of Buenos Aires. With two-and-one-half years of intensive fieldwork they have intimate knowledge of the community, and the second author, Debora Swistun, was born and raised in the town, and only left at the end of the fieldwork. Javier Auyero, no stranger to poverty research in Latin America, came in from the University of Texas for long stays. This is an ethnography, loosely structured, and like most ethnographies it is theoretically undernourished. The repeated references to Bourdieuian aphorisms such as ‘‘symbolic violence,’’ ‘‘schemata of perception,’’ ‘‘how domination works,’’ and the curious ‘‘site effects’’ (where ‘‘what is lived and seen on the ground’’ is really ‘‘elsewhere’’) (p. 159) do not structure the argument. The authors’ excellent narratives make it clear that the domination is more material than symbolic, and the pervasiveness of the pollution—air, water, soil—speaks to the silent contamination more strongly than the mechanisms and metaphors in the literature they repeatedly cite. Though much of the material has appeared elsewhere in scholarly journals, where it is more tightly organized, the leisurely pace and intimacy of this presentation has many virtues. Unfortunately, however, the lack of a decent index, so easily constructed on a computer, is not one of them. In addition to its dramatic focus upon ignorance, mistake and confusion in the community, there is a striking emphasis upon the link between environment and misery. Scholars, they say, have remained silent for a long time about environmental factors as the key determinants in the reproduction of destitution and inequity. They see it as the missing dimension in the study of poverty in Latin America. Graphically, and in wrenching detail, they show how the polluted space the urban poor live in compounds the normal problems of poverty. The silent, often invisible, steady accumulation of poisons appears to feed the resignation and displace the blame. It may be the shantytowns of Argentina which have had protests have not had the full environmental assault Flammable has had. The settlement was once an area with many small farms and fruit trees, clean water from a river, and a white-sand beach in the estuary. Gradually, but implacably, it became a hellhole, a toxic dumping ground, surrounded by one of the largest petrochemical compounds in the country. The Shell refinery is the biggest, but there is another oil refinery, three plants that store oil, several that store chemical products, one that manufactures chemical products, and a power plant. The settlement expanded into the
Journal ArticleDOI
Experiencing stigma as sex work researchers in professional and personal lives
Natalie Hammond,Sarah Kingston +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare and contrast their separate experiences of conducting sex work research to demonstrate their similar experiences of stigma by association, and apply the notion of stigma often associated with prostitution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparing Sex Buyers With Men Who Do Not Buy Sex: New Data on Prostitution and Trafficking:
Melissa Farley,Jacqueline M. Golding,Emily Schuckman Matthews,Neil M. Malamuth,Laura Jarrett +4 more
TL;DR: It is indicated that men who buy sex share certain key characteristics with men at risk of committing sexual aggression as documented by research based on the leading scientific model of the characteristics of non-criminal sexually aggressive men, the Confluence Model of sexual aggression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acceptance of sexual aggression myths in a representative sample of German residents.
Philipp Süssenbach,Gerd Bohner +1 more
TL;DR: Although RWA and SDO were both related to RMA, only RWA explained unique variance beyond the effects of intolerant belief systems, and greater identification with their gender was associated with higher RMA.
Journal ArticleDOI
A systematic review of the association between rape myth acceptance and male-on-female sexual violence
Emma J. Yapp,Ethel Quayle +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a systematic search of relevant Psychology and Social Science databases in order to collate cross-sectional and longitudinal research on the association between rape myth acceptance and self-reported sexual violence, and found that acceptance differentiates non-perpetrators from those who go on to exhibit sexual violence behaviours.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology.
Douglas P. Crowne,David Marlowe +1 more
TL;DR: It seems clear that the items in the Edwards Social Desirability Scale would, of necessity, have extreme social desirability scale positions or, in other words, be statistically deviant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cultural myths and supports for rape.
TL;DR: This article found that acceptance of rape myths can be predicted from attitudes such as sex role stereotyping, adversarial sexual beliefs, sexual conservatism, and acceptance of interpersonal violence, and that younger and better educated people reveal less stereotypic and adversarial, and proviolence attitudes and less rape myth acceptance.
Journal ArticleDOI
The DSFI: A multidimensional measure of sexual functioning
TL;DR: The present report summarizes work to date on the Derogatis Sexual Functioning Inventory (DSFI), a multidimensional measure of human sexual functioning, and discusses the rationale for the test as well as the selection of the primary domains of measurement.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rape proclivity among males.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors integrate the findings of a series of studies that empirically address contentions that many “normal” men possess a proclivity to rape.
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