Journal ArticleDOI
Relationships between teacher behaviors and pupil achievement in three experimental elementary science lessons.
TLDR
Despite considerable growth in the number of observational studies of teaching in the last five years, there have been relatively few investigations of the relationships between what teachers do in the classroom and pupil achievement as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
Despite considerable growth in the number of observational studies of teaching in the last five years, there have been relatively few investigations of the relationships between what teachers do in the classroom and pupil achievement (Nuthall, 1968; Meux, 1967). As Gage has noted (Gage, 1966), observational data-gathering in classrooms has an obvious attraction to educational researchers, but there is little if any empirical evidence which makes it clear just what aspects of teacher behavior are most relevant to the major concerns of schools.read more
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A Theory-Based Meta-Analysis of Research on Instruction.
TL;DR: The role of semantic features in defining abstract concepts has been discussed extensively as discussed by the authors, and it was Katz and Fodor (1963) who first popularized the notion that abstract concepts can be defined as sets of features.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relating Classroom Teaching to Student Learning: A Critical Analysis of Why Research Has Failed to Bridge the Theory-Practice Gap.
TL;DR: In this article, Nuthall proposes an explanatory theory for research on teaching that can be directly and transparently linked to classroom realities, arguing that such research must provide continuous, detailed data on the experience of individual students, in-depth analyses of the changes that take place in the students' knowledge, beliefs, and skills, and ways of identifying the real-time interactive relationships between these two kinds of data.
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Inside the “black box”: methodological issues in classroom research on language learning
TL;DR: In this paper, two basic approaches characterize classroom research on second language learning: interaction analysis and anthropological observation, within each approach several methods are available for data collection and analysis, including behavioral observation systems, discourse analysis, ethnography, constitutive ethnography and diary studies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Control of "Error" in Educational Experimentation
TL;DR: In the context of educational experimentation, error is defined as "the failure of an observation to agree with a true situation" as mentioned in this paper, which is a core concept in statistical inference.
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Studies of Learning in the School Setting
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on approaches and perspectives which reflect primary emphasis on the goal of explanation of classroom learning, emphasizing developments in classroom observation systems and matters of general methodology, i.e., the conceptual frameworks and research strategies within which classroom learning research is conducted.