Journal ArticleDOI
Risk Factors Affecting Escape Behaviour by Puerto Rican Anolis Lizards
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I studied escape methods and effects of risk factors (temperature, perch height and orientation, conspicuousness) on approach distance in seven Puerto Rican anoles to suggest ease of escape upwar...Abstract:
Approach distance (flight initiation distance) and escape methods depend on predation risk. I studied escape methods and effects of risk factors (temperature, perch height and orientation, conspicuousness) on approach distance in seven Puerto Rican anoles. Approach distance increased as temperature decreased in Anolis gundlachi Peters, 1876, presumably because of decreasing running speed, but not in other species (probably because of narrow temperature range). Perch height and approach distance varied inversely in four arboreal species that escape upward, positively in two grass–bush species that are more conspicuous when higher and flee downward, and were unrelated in cryptic Anolis stratulus Cope, 1861. Approach distance was shortest in cryptic A. stratulus and shorter intraspecifically in three species for partially concealed lizards and at sites providing more cover in two species. Approach distance was shorter for A. gundlachi on vertical than nonvertical perches, suggesting that ease of escape upwar...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Island tameness: living on islands reduces flight initiation distance.
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that island tameness is a real phenomenon in lizards and use the phylogenetic comparative method to assess influence of distance from the mainland and island area on FID of 66 lizard species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fifty years of chasing lizards: new insights advance optimal escape theory
TL;DR: A comprehensive phylogenetic meta‐analysis of flight initiation distance in lizards found that variables that reflect the costs or benefits of flight as well as certain predator effects had large effects on FID in the directions predicted by optimal escape theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Universal Optimization of Flight Initiation Distance and Habitat-Driven Variation in Escape Tactics in a Namibian Lizard Assemblage
TL;DR: In an assemblage of lizards in northwestern Namibia, experiments to test predictions of escape theory for three risk factors in representatives of three families and observed escape tactics in additional species indicate that flight initiation distance and refuge entry by lizards conform to theoretical predictions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Divergent habitat use of two urban lizard species
Kristin M. Winchell,Elizabeth J. Carlen,Alberto R. Puente-Rolón,Liam J. Revell,Liam J. Revell +4 more
TL;DR: It is found that some species are merely tolerant of urbanization while others utilize urban habitats in novel ways, which has implications for long‐term persistence in urban habitats and suggests that loss of natural habitat elements may lead to nonrandom species extirpations as urbanization intensifies.
Journal ArticleDOI
An experimental evaluation of foraging decisions in urban and natural forest populations of Anolis lizards
Zachary A. Chejanovski,Kevin J. Avilés-Rodríguez,Kevin J. Avilés-Rodríguez,Oriol Lapiedra,Oriol Lapiedra,Evan L. Preisser,Jason J. Kolbe +6 more
TL;DR: The observed patterns in foraging behavior are driven by differences in perceived predation risk, foraging motivation, or neophobia, and the importance of understanding how urbanization influences animal populations and their persistence in anthropogenically-modified environments is emphasized.
References
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Book
MacClade: Analysis of phylogeny and character evolution
TL;DR: MacClade is a computer program that provides theory and tools for the graphic and interactive analysis of molecular and morphological data, phylogeny, and character evolution, yet its ease of use allows beginning students to grasp phylogenetic principles in an interactive environment.
Book ChapterDOI
The Economics of Fleeing from Predators
TL;DR: In this article, a simple economic model that predicts in a qualitative way on how costs (loss feeding opportunity and risk) interact to produce an optimal flight distance from approaching predators is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecomorphology, Performance Capability, and Scaling of West Indian Anolis Lizards: An Evolutionary Analysis
TL;DR: The ecomorphological hypotheses that morphology, performance capability, ecology and behavior have evolved synchronously have been confirmed using the Anolis lizards of Jamaica and Puerto Rico.
Morphology and locomotor performance in west indian anolis lizards
TL;DR: In this article, biomechanical predictions were made that morphological proportions (snout-vent length, forelimb and tail length) and maximal sprinting and jumping ability have evolved concordantly among 15 species of Anolis lizards from Jamaica and Puerto Rico.