Journal ArticleDOI
Simulation of herbicide persistence in soil; a revised computer model
Allan Walker,Anthony Barnes +1 more
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TLDR
In this article, the moisture content of surface soil from measurements of rainfall and daily maximum and minimum air temperatures was used to calculate soil temperatures, and the equations were incorporated into a simulation model for the prediction of herbicide persistence.Abstract:
Empirical equations were used to calculate the moisture content of surface soil from measurements of rainfall and daily maximum and minimum air temperatures. Air temperatures were also used to calculate soil temperatures. There was good agreement between calculated and measured moisture contents and temperatures from Wellesbourne and from some sites in North America. The equations were incorporated into a simulation model for the prediction of herbicide persistence. Results from the model were essentially the same, whether calculated or measured soil moistures and temperatures were used in the calculations.read more
Citations
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Assessing the impact of pesticides on the environment
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address a two-part question: what factors should be taken into consideration to assess pesticide environmental impact, and how can impact be quantified? As the environmental impact of a pesticide depends on its dispersion in the environment and on its toxicological properties, the literature on these topics is reviewed to address the first part of the question.
Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU Registration
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of model applications for structured soils: b) Pesticide transport.
TL;DR: A review of PF pesticide model applications reveals that the principal difficulty of their application is still the appropriate parameterization of PF and pesticide processes, and model comparison studies demonstrated that, after calibration, PF pesticide models clearly outperform chromatographic models for structured soils.
Journal ArticleDOI
Occurrence, control and fate of contaminants of emerging concern in environmental compartments in Brazil.
TL;DR: Data gathered indicated that caffeine, paracetamol, atenolol, ibuprofen, cephalexin and bisphenol A occur in the μg L-1 range in streams near urban areas, and endocrine disruptors are frequently detected in surface waters, highest concentrations account for 17α-ethynylestradiol and 17β-estradio.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of a simulation model for prediction of herbicide movement and persistence in soil
TL;DR: In this article, the movement and persistence of residues of propyzamide, linuron, isoxaben and R-40244 were measured in a sandy loam soil in field experiments prepared in spring and autumn.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A simple formula for estimating evaporation rates in various climates, using temperature data alone
TL;DR: In this article, the Penman formula for the evaporation rate from a lake is simplified to the following: ドラゴンE0=700Tm/(100−A)+15(T−Td)(80−T)(mmday−1)
Journal ArticleDOI
A Simulation Model for Prediction of Herbicide Persistence
TL;DR: In this article, a simulation model for predicting herbicide persistence in the field is described, which combines the effects of soil temperature and soil moisture content on the rates of herbicide loss, determined experimentally under controlled conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simulation of the persistence of eight soil‐applied herhicides
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of soil temperature and soil moisture content on the rates of degradation of simazine, atrazine, propyzamide, linuron, metamitron, trifluralin, metribuzin and chlorthaldimethyl were measured in a sandy loam soil under controlled laboratory conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simulation of herbicide persistence in soil .I. Simazine and prometryne
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of soil temperature and soil moisture content on the rates of degradation of simazine and prometryne were measured under controlled conditions, and the authors suggest that a hyperbolic rate law may be more appropriate than simple first-order kinetics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simulation of herbicide persistence in soil .II. Simazine and linuron in long‐term experiments
TL;DR: In this article, the degradation of simazine and linuron was measured in soil from plots not treated previously with these herbicides and the results with simazine showed a close correspondence between observed and predicted residue levels but those for linuron were satisfactory for limited periods only.