Synergistic effect of alcohol-benzene mixtures for coal extraction.
IinoMasashi,MatsudaMinoru +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, coal was extracted with benzene or alcohol-benzene mixtures at room temperature and the results showed that smaller alcohols may permeate into the pores of the coals more extensively and cause greater swelling than larger alcohols.Abstract:
Coals were extracted with alcohol–benzene mixtures at room temperature For coals of high oxygen content, Yallourn and Taiheiyo coals, the extraction yields for the mixtures were much greater than those for alcohols and benzene alone This synergistic effect was more marked for less bulky alcohols: The order was methanol>ethanol>isopropyl alcohol>t-butyl alcohol The degree of swelling and the apparent density of the coals in alcohols were measured The results show that smaller alcohols may permeate into pores of the coals more extensively and cause greater swelling than larger alcohols It is reasonable to consider that this swelling of the coals then facilitates the extraction with benzene or alcohol–benzene mixtures, which are better solvents in solubility for coal molecules than alcohols For Shin-yubari coal having low oxygen content, no such a synergistic effect was observed, probably due to the lower degree of swelling of this coalread more
Citations
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Extraction of coals with CS2-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone mixed solvent at room temperature: Effect of coal rank and synergism of the mixed solvent
TL;DR: In this article, coal from lignite to anthracite was extracted at room temperature with CS2-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (MP) mixed solvent (1:1 by volume), which was found to be a very efficient solvent for the extraction of bituminous coals.
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Extraction and Swelling of Low-Rank Coals with Various Solvents at Room Temperature
TL;DR: In this article, low-rank coal was extracted with various solvents under ultrasonication at room temperature, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) gave the highest extraction yield for Loy Yang coal, 14.3 wt %.
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Influence of the addition of various ionic liquids on coal extraction with NMP
TL;DR: In this paper, two Turkish coals were extracted with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and NMP containing a small amount of ionic liquids (ILs) under reflux conditions at atmospheric pressure.
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The nature of the synergistic effect of binary tetralin-alcohol solvents in Kansk-Achinsk brown coal liquefaction
TL;DR: In this article, brown coal hydrogenation and swelling in tetralin, in low molecular alcohols, in other solvents and in binary mixtures were studied, and it was found that tetralins was the most effective liquefaction solvent, but methanol and ethanol were the active ones in coal swelling.
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Synergistic Solvation Effects: Enhanced Compound Solubility Using Binary Solvent Mixtures
TL;DR: The concept of solubility synergistic solvation (also known as parabolic solvation) was introduced in this article, where a binary solvent mixture exhibits a higher solubability than either of the component solvents.
References
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Empirical parameters for donor and acceptor properties of solvents
TL;DR: In this article, a clear distinction is made between nucleophilic and electrophilic solvent functions towards the solute and rules are presented which are extremely useful in choosing the most suitable solvent for a particular purpose.
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Bituminous coal extraction in terms of electron-donor and -acceptor interactions in the solvent/coal system
TL;DR: In this article, a model for coal extraction, based on the assumption that donor-acceptor bonds occur in coal and are responsible for binding together macromolecular network and extractable substances filling the pores of a network, has been worked out and verified on the basis of experimental data.
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O-Alkylation chemistry of coal and its implications for the chemical and physical structure of coal
R. Liotta,K. Rose,E. Hippo +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, O-methylation of coal derivatives was performed using quaternary ammonium hydroxide base and a primary alkyl halide and the results showed that the secondary structure (intermolecular associations) of the O-alkylated coals was significantly reduced.
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Measurement of swelling of coals in organic liquids: a new approach
TL;DR: In this article, the maximum degree of benzene and tetralin-induced swelling occurred in a coal of 75 wt% carbon content and the size and/or flexibility of the chain segments between crosslinks in coal are at a maximum.
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General aspects of coal solubility
TL;DR: In this article, the solubility parameters of 6 coal coals were determined using the thermodynamic expression "solubility parameter" (a common expression in polymer chemistry) and compared with calculated parameters which were found in the literature.