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The 2022 outbreak and the pathobiology of the monkeypox virus

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TLDR
Following two reports of monkeypox virus infection in individuals who returned from Nigeria to the USA, one who returned to Texas (July 2021) and the other to the Washington, DC area (November 2021), the number of infection have dramatically increased as mentioned in this paper .
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This article is published in Journal of Autoimmunity.The article was published on 2022-06-01 and is currently open access. It has received 232 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Medicine & Monkeypox.

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Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors reviewed the epidemiology of monkeypox, monkeypox virus reservoirs, novel transmission patterns, mutations and mechanisms of viral infection, clinical characteristics, laboratory diagnosis and treatment measures.
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Monkeypox virus neurological manifestations in comparison to other orthopoxviruses

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors describe the clinical and neurological complications of monkeypox infection, particularly encephalitis, as well as the laboratory diagnosis of these cases, and describe future efforts to prevent the spread of infectious disease surges can reduce mortality complications, the therapeutic burden on the health-care system, and prevent further spread.
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Prevention and Treatment of Monkeypox: A Step-by-Step Guide for Healthcare Professionals and General Population

TL;DR: With cases spreading worldwide, without epidemiological links with outbreaks among men who have sex with men (MSM), it warrants urgent public health control measures to contain the spread of the monkeypox virus and investigate the underlying pathophysiology, including genetic modification of the virus.
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Monkeypox: Virology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Characteristics, Epidemiology, Vaccines, Diagnosis, and Treatments.

TL;DR: This review is an updated overview of the current state of knowledge regarding monkeypox virology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, epidemiology, vaccines, diagnosis, and treatment options.
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A review on insights and lessons from COVID-19 to the prevent of monkeypox pandemic

TL;DR: In this paper , the insights and lessons from COVID-19 pandemic in preventing the impending danger of monkeypox virus (MPXV), a neglected viral zoonotic disease, is described.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The changing epidemiology of human monkeypox—A potential threat? A systematic review

TL;DR: A systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature on how monkeypox epidemiology has evolved, with particular emphasis on the number of confirmed, probable, and/or possible cases, age at presentation, mortality, and geographical spread was conducted in this article .
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Mechanisms of viral mutation

TL;DR: This work has shown that viral genetic diversity is determined by multiple virus- and host-dependent processes, and that viral mutation rates can evolve in response to specific selective pressures.
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A tale of two clades: monkeypox viruses.

TL;DR: Analysis of clinical, laboratory and epidemiological features of confirmed human monkeypox case-patients, using data from outbreaks in the USA and the Congo Basin, and the results suggested that human disease pathogenicity was associated with the viral strain.
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Clinical Characteristics of Human Monkeypox, and Risk Factors for Severe Disease

TL;DR: In this article, a confirmed case of monkeypox was found in 34 patients, 5 (15%) were defined as severely ill, and 9 (26%) were hospitalized for 148 hours; no patients died.
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Monkeypox Virus in Nigeria: Infection Biology, Epidemiology, and Evolution.

TL;DR: This review X-rays the current state of knowledge pertaining to the infection biology, epidemiology, and evolution of MPXV in Nigeria and worldwide, especially with regard to the human, cellular, and viral factors that modulate the virus transmission dynamics, infection, and its maintenance in nature.
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