Journal ArticleDOI
The Computerized Construction of a Matched Sample.
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The use of matched sampling in experimental and nonexperimental research has been frustrated by the problems of attrition and incomplete matching as mentioned in this paper, and a rarallel set of desiderata became apparent during the computerized construction of two matched samples of black and white college graduates.Abstract:
The use of matched sampling in experimental and nonexperimental research has been frustrated by the problems of attrition and incomplete matching. The amount of attrition and incomplete matching. The amount of attrition of sample size and incomplete matching are shown to be a function of various aspects of the research, including the level of measurement of the matching variables, the sampling situation, the definition of a match, and the means used to construct matches. Several basic and heretofore neglected considerations in the conceptualization of a "match" are discussed. These considerations and a rarallel set of desiderata became apparent during the computerized construction of two matched samples of black and white college graduates. Three approaches to the computerization of matching are described, the last of which-"guaranteed variable caliper matching"- meets the desiderata. We describe our clerical and field procedures from the computerized matching to the final matching based on completed inte...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Constructing a Control Group Using Multivariate Matched Sampling Methods That Incorporate the Propensity Score
TL;DR: This article used multivariate matching methods in an observational study of the effects of prenatal exposure to barbiturates on subsequent psychological development, using the propensity score as a distinct matching variable.
Journal ArticleDOI
Matching Methods for Causal Inference: A Review and a Look Forward
TL;DR: A structure for thinking about matching methods and guidance on their use is provided, coalescing the existing research (both old and new) and providing a summary of where the literature on matching methods is now and where it should be headed.
Book
Counterfactuals and Causal Inference: Methods and Principles for Social Research
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method to estimate causal effects by conditioning on observed variables to block backdoor paths in observational social science research, but the method is limited to the case of causal exposure and identification criteria for conditioning estimators.
Book
Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences: An Introduction
Guido W. Imbens,Donald B. Rubin +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, two world-renowned experts present statistical methods for studying causal in nature: what would happen to individuals, or to groups, if part of their environment were changed?
Journal ArticleDOI
Assignment to Treatment Group on the Basis of a Covariate
TL;DR: When assignment to treatment group is made solely on the basis of the value of a covariate, X, effort should be concentrated on estimating the conditional expectations of the dependent variable Y g.
References
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The effectiveness of adjustment by subclassification in removing bias in observational studies.
TL;DR: An analytical approach suggests that for c = 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 the percentages of bias removed are roughly 64%, 79%, 86%, 90%, and 92%, respectively, and these figures should also serve as a guide when x is an ordered classification that can be regarded as a grouping of an underlying continuous variable.
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