Book ChapterDOI
The Empirical Basis for the RNR Model with an Updated RNR Conceptual Framework
Faye S. Taxman,April Pattavina,Michael S. Caudy,James M. Byrne,Joseph M. Durso +4 more
- pp 73-111
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TLDR
Focusing attention on recidivism, and recent efforts to identify programmatic factors for different risk-need profiles, provides an opportunity to further refine the RNR model to be compatible with current research.Abstract:
The risk-need-responsivity framework is based on a review of the empirical literature on offender factors that affect recidivism The emphasis is on responsivity or the alignment of the risk and need profile with programs that are suitable to reduce recidivism The empirical basis for the three-part framework is reviewed in this chapter with attention to integrating intervention science into a definition of responsivity A review of the research literature since the original design of RNR (in the late 1980s) reveals that not all of the eight static and dynamic (criminogenic needs) risk components have a direct relationship with recidivism and that there are clinically relevant factors that need to be included when considering the effectiveness of an intervention, program, service, or control strategy This chapter provides a different “sorting” of the risk and need factors besides the inclusion of gender and developmental (age) factors and clinically relevant factors (ie, mental health status and substance abuse) that affect recidivism The purpose is to lay the foundation for further chapters that describe the parameter and inputs into the RNR simulation model This chapter illustrates the robustness of the original conceptual framework while demonstrating the elasticity to reframe the model based on new and emerging literature on factors that affect recidivism Focusing attention on recidivism, and recent efforts to identify programmatic factors for different risk-need profiles, provides an opportunity to further refine the RNR model to be compatible with current researchread more
Citations
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BookDOI
The growth of incarceration in the United States: exploring causes and consequences
TL;DR: Part of the courts, criminal law, criminal procedure, criminology, Law and Society Commons, Law Enforcement and Corrections Commons, Legislation Commons, Politics and Social Change Commons, and the Race and Ethnicity Commons.
Journal ArticleDOI
How Health Care Reform Can Transform The Health Of Criminal Justice–Involved Individuals
Josiah D. Rich,Redonna K. Chandler,Brie Williams,Dora M. Dumont,Emily A. Wang,Faye S. Taxman,Scott A. Allen,Jennifer G. Clarke,Robert B. Greifinger,Christopher Wildeman,Fred C. Osher,Steven Rosenberg,Craig Haney,Marc Mauer,Bruce Western +14 more
TL;DR: A set of recommendations for the improvement of both correctional health care, such as improving systems of external oversight and quality management, and access to community-based care, including establishing strategies for postrelease care and medical record transfers are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
How well do dynamic needs predict recidivism? Implications for risk assessment and risk reduction
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assessed the predictive validity of nine dynamic risk factors in two samples of justice-involved individuals (n = 24,972) to identify promising targets for correctional programming.
Journal ArticleDOI
Perceptions of Balanced Justice and Rehabilitation for Drug Offenders
TL;DR: This article used multinomial logistic regression from a sample of 575 undergraduate criminology and criminal justice students from a large southern university to assess support for sanctioning approaches for nonviolent and violent drug offenders.
References
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TL;DR: It is suggested that delinquency conceals 2 distinct categories of individuals, each with a unique natural history and etiology: a small group engages in antisocial behavior of 1 sort or another at every life stage, whereas a larger group is antisocial only during adolescence.
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The Psychology of Criminal Conduct
Demetra Andrews,James Bonta +1 more
TL;DR: For instance, the authors investigates the relationship between the beginning and maintenance of criminal activity and diverse risk predictors (singular and social, static and dynamic) in the development of criminal behaviour.