Journal ArticleDOI
The formation of flakes
Brian Cotterell,Johan Kamminga +1 more
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TLDR
In this paper, a tripartite scheme of flake formation comprising initiation, propagation, and termination phases, within which different mechanisms can operate, has been proposed to account for the wide variation in flake morphology.Abstract:
An understanding of the mechanics involved in flake formation provides an opportunity for deriving more behavioral information from flake and flake scar morphology. The mechanics of flake formation are directly relevant to the identification of prehistoric flaking techniques and stone tool use. In this paper we provide a model of flake formation that accounts for much of the variation in flake morphology. Flakes can form in a number of ways and despite popular belief they are not all of the conchoidal variety. The bending flake is common in use wear though it is often misidentified as a conchoidal flake. A third major type of flake, the compression flake, is a common product of bipolar impact. To account for the wide variation in flake morphology we follow a tripartite scheme of flake formation comprising initiation, propagation, and termination phases, within which different mechanisms can operate.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Size and form in the analysis of flake debris: Review and recent approaches
TL;DR: Preliminary study suggests that Ahler's mass-analysis model and log skew Laplace functions hold particular promise for behavioral interpretation from debris assemblages.
Journal ArticleDOI
How do stone knappers predict and control the outcome of flaking? Implications for understanding early stone tool technology.
TL;DR: The evidence of precise control of conchoidal fracture in the Early Stone Age record may be indicative of the recurrence of a learning situation that allows the transmission of the skill, possibly through providing the opportunities for first-hand experience.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Howiesons Poort Backed Artefacts from Klasies River: An Argument for Symbolic Behaviour
Journal ArticleDOI
Ochre in hafting in Middle Stone Age southern Africa: a practical role
TL;DR: The authors used microscopic examination of Middle Stone Age tools to show they had been hafted, making use of an adhesive compound which included ochre in its recipe.
Journal ArticleDOI
Raw material quality and Oldowan hominin toolstone preferences: evidence from Kanjera South, Kenya
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate fracture predictability through mechanical tests of stone and investigations of the affect of stone properties on fracture patterns in archaeological collections, concluding that the ability for a stone to fracture consistently does not appear to be as important in hominin toolstone preference as previously assumed.
References
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Theory of elasticity
TL;DR: The theory of the slipline field is used in this article to solve the problem of stable and non-stressed problems in plane strains in a plane-strain scenario.
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The Phenomena of Rupture and Flow in Solids
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of surface scratches on the mechanical strength of solids, and some general conclusions were reached which appear to have a direct bearing on the problem of rupture, from an engineering standpoint, and also on the larger question of the nature of intermolecular cohesion.
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The stress analysis of cracks handbook
TL;DR: The Stress Analysis of Cracks Handbook as mentioned in this paper provides a comprehensive, easy-to-access collection of elastic stress solutions for crack configurations, along with other relevant information, such as displacements, crack opening areas, basic stress functions source references, accuracy of solutions, and more.
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Fundamentals of rock mechanics
John Conrad Jaeger,N. G. W. Cook +1 more
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Fracture of Brittle Solids
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a unified continuum, microstructural and atomistic treatment of modern day fracture mechanics from a materials perspective, focusing on the basic elements of bonding and microstructure that govern the intrinsic toughness of ceramics.