Journal ArticleDOI
The influence of some respiratory inhibitors and intermediates on respiration and salt accumulation of excised barley roots
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This report consists of a preliminary survey of the effects of the oxidase inhibitors, cyanide and azide, and of the dehydrogenase inhibitor, iodoacetate and malonate, on the respiration and the accumulation of the bromide ion by excised barley roots.Abstract:
THE ACCUMULATION of salts by barley roots is dependent on a concomitant aerobic respiration. This has been demonstrated by the use of reduced oxygen concentrations (Hoagland and Broyer, 1936). A logical next step, as suggested by Hoagland and Broyer (1942), is an attempt to analyze the nature of the linkage between salt accumulation and respiration through the use of respiratory inhibitors. This report consists of a preliminary survey of the effects of the oxidase inhibitors, cyanide and azide, and of the dehydrogenase inhibitors, iodoacetate and malonate, on the respiration and the accumulation of the bromide ion by excised barley roots. When the latter two reagents were found to be strong inhibitors of both processes concerned, the problem was extended to include the effects of malic, succinic, fumaric, and citric acids, since these compounds are considered to be both intermediates and catalysts in a cycle whereby pyruvate is oxidized (Elliott, 1941; Evans, 1941; Barron, 1943; Krebs, 1943; and references listed). The experimental data are preceded by a detailed discussion of the method of growth and preparation of barley roots as well as those characteristics of the roots which have a bearing on subsequent experiments. GROWTH AND PREPARATION OF THE BARLEY ROOTS FOR STUDY BY MICROSPIROMETER METHODS.-Growing the plants.-Prevot and Steward (1936) and Ulrich ( 1941 ) demonstrated that under certain conditions barley produces long, unbranched roots with a high capacity for absorbing and accumulating salts. By combining and modifying their methods, unbranched roots, 12-15 cm. long, relatively free of root hairs, and of a uniform diameter slightly under 0.5 mm. were grown in five days. The grain used was the "Sacramento" strain of barley from the 1939 crop grown at Davis, California. Approximately twice as many grains as plants to be needed are soaked for twenty-four hours in a cheesecloth sack suspended in well-aerated distilled water inside a thoroughly darkened, circulating air type incubator at 240 ? 0.050C. The air, before passing through the water, is brought to the proper temperature by passing it through a series of copper coils within the incubator. After washing the soaked grains with distilled water, twenty of those withread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A kinetic study of the absorption of alkali cations by barley roots.
Emanuel Epstein,C. E. Hagen +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence will be presented for the existence of several distinct reactive sites involved in the binding of alkali cations by barley roots, and it will be demonstrated that there are large differences in the affinity of these sites for various cations.
Journal ArticleDOI
The regulating influence of transpiration and suction tension on the water and salt uptake by the roots of intact vicia faba plants
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the water uptake is dependent on the suction tension in the xylem vessels and the water conductivity of the root tissue between medium and vessels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ion transport and respiration
TL;DR: Light-stimulated absorption in green cells and other kinds of active transport are studied in relation to respiration and plant cell accumulation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
General nature of the process of salt accumulation by roots with description of experimental methods.
D. R. Hoagland,T. C. Broyer +1 more
TL;DR: The discussion in this paper is based on the assumption that the reader is familiar with earlier work on Yalonia, Nitella, and Chara cells and with the series of recent reports by Steward and his co-workers on accumulation of salts by storage tissues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metabolism of non-volatile organic acids in excised barley roots as related to cation-anion balance during salt accumulation
Journal ArticleDOI
On the relation between growth and respiration in the avena coleoptile
TL;DR: The four-carbon acids provide a respiratory system which is part of the chain of growth processes, and which is in some way catalyzed by auxin, which represents a small but variable fraction of the total respiration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Accumulation of salt and permeability in plant cells
D. R. Hoagland,T. C. Broyer +1 more
TL;DR: Comparisons are made of concentrations of K and Br in exudates of barley roots and in expressed sap from roots, under conditions favorable for aerobic metabolism, which lead to the same general viewpoint concerning metabolically governed transport of solutes by living plant cells.
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General nature of the process of salt accumulation by roots with description of experimental methods.
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