Journal ArticleDOI
The magnetotail and substorms
TLDR
In this article, a phenomenological or qualitative model of the substorm sequence is presented, where the flux transport is driven by the merging of the magnetospheric and interplanetary magnetic fields.Abstract:
The tail plays a very active and important role in substorms. Magmetic flux eroded from the dayside magnetosphere is stored here. As more and more flux is transported to the magnetotail and stored, the boundary flares more, the field strength in the tail increases, and the currents strengthen and move closer to the earth. Further, the plasma sheet thins and the magnetic flux crossing the neutral sheet lessens. The experimental evidence for these processes is discussed and a phenomenological or qualitative model of the substorm sequence is presented. In this model, the flux transport is driven by the merging of the magnetospheric and interplanetary magnetic fields. During the growth phase of substorms the merging rate on the dayside magnetosphere exceeds the reconnection rate in the neutral sheet.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Theoretical models of magnetic field line merging
TL;DR: A review of the models of magnetic field line merging is given in this paper, where the authors describe the process whereby plasma flows across a surface which separates regions including topologically different magnetic field lines.
Journal ArticleDOI
An empirical relationship between interplanetary conditions and Dst
TL;DR: In this article, an algorithm is presented for predicting the ground-based Dst index solely from a knowledge of the velocity and density of the solar wind and the north-south solar magnetospheric component of the interplanetary magnetic field.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neutral line model of substorms: Past results and present view
Daniel N. Baker,Tuija Pulkkinen,Vassilis Angelopoulos,Wolfgang Baumjohann,Robert L. McPherron +4 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the NENL model of magnetospheric substorms, including the role of coupling with the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field, the growth phase sequence, the expansion phase (and onset), and the recovery phase.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Magnetospheric Multiscale Magnetometers
Christopher T. Russell,Brian J. Anderson,Wolfgang Baumjohann,Kenneth R. Bromund,D. Dearborn,David Fischer,Guan Le,Hannes K. Leinweber,D. Leneman,Werner Magnes,J. D. Means,Mark B. Moldwin,Rumi Nakamura,D. R. Pierce,Ferdinand Plaschke,Kathryn Rowe,James A. Slavin,Robert J. Strangeway,Roy B. Torbert,Christian Hagen,Irmgard Jernej,Aris Valavanoglou,Ingo Richter +22 more
TL;DR: To achieve mission objectives, the calibration determined on the ground will be refined in space to ensure all eight magnetometers are precisely inter-calibrated, and the information flow that provides the data on the rapid time scale needed for mission success is described.
Book ChapterDOI
Initial ISEE magnetometer results - Magnetopause observations
TL;DR: The magnetic field profiles across the magnetopause obtained by the ISEE-1 and -2 spacecraft separated by only a few hundred kilometers are examined for four passes as discussed by the authors, during which the magnetosheath field was northward, during one pass it was slightly southward, and in two it was strongly southward.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A survey of low-energy electrons in the evening sector of the magnetosphere with OGO 1 and OGO 3.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the low-energy electron population in the magnetosphere within the local time range ∼17 to ∼22 hours using the OGO 1 satellite and OGO 3.
Journal ArticleDOI
Satellite studies of magnetospheric substorms on August 15, 1968: 9. Phenomenological model for substorms
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a phenomenological model of the magnetospheric substorm sequence, which can be divided into three main phases: the growth phase, the expansion phase, and the recovery phase.
Journal Article
Satellite studies of magnetospheric substorms on August 15, 1968. IX - Phenomenological model for substorms.
TL;DR: In this article, observations made during three substorms on August 15, 1968, are shown to be consistent with current theoretical ideas about the cause of substorm, and the phenomenological model described in several preceding papers is further expanded.
Journal ArticleDOI
Average and unusual locations of the Earth's magnetopause and bow shock
TL;DR: The average and unusual locations of magnetopause and bow shock positions observed by IMP spacecraft were analyzed in this paper, showing that the bow shock position is unusual for the Earth's magnetic field.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Earth's magnetic tail
TL;DR: In this article, the topology of the magnetic field within the magnetosphere and the position of both its boundary and the detached collisionless bow shock wave were investigated. But the results were limited to the Imp 1 satellite, and the range of the magnetometers was between 0.25 and 300γ.