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Transalpine pass routes in the Swiss Central Alps and the strategic use of topographic resources

Philippe Della Casa
- Iss: 42, pp 109-118
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TLDR
In this paper, the existence of transalpine high altitude pass routes can be inferred, even though there is a lack physical evidence, from specific Bronze and Iron Age settlement patterns in access valleys.
Abstract
SUMMARY - Transalpine pass routes in the Swiss Central Alps and the strategic use of topographic resources - Using examples from the San Bernardino and the St. Gotthard passes in the Swiss Central Alps, this paper discusses how the existence of transalpine high altitude pass routes can be inferred, even though there is a lack physical evidence, from specific Bronze and Iron Age settlement patterns in access valleys. Particular attention is given to the effect of topography within the territorial and economic organizational area on transalpine tracks and traffic routes. A set of recurring patterns, such as strategic position, natural and/or artificial protection, presence of “foreign” materials, can help identifying (settlement) sites with particular functions as regards traffic and trade within the systems of territorial organization. Moreover, the paper also addresses socio-dynamic issues of the problem of transalpine pass routes. RIASSUNTO - Passi transalpini nelle Alpi Centrali Svizzere e uso strategico di risorse topografiche - Usando esempi dal Passo di San Bernardino e dal Passo del San Gottardo nelle Alpi Centrali Svizzere, il presente contributo discute come l’esistenza di vie di transito transalpine d’alta quota possa essere dedotta, anche mancando evidenze fisiche, da specifici modelli insediativi dell’eta del Bronzo e del Ferro presenti nelle valli di accesso. Particolare attenzione e data all’effetto della topografia dell’area organizzativa territoriale ed economica sulle vie di transito e commercio transalpine. Una serie di modelli ricorrenti, come la posizione strategica, le protezioni naturali e/o artificiali, la pre senza di materiali alloctoni, puo facilitare l’identificazione di siti (di insediamento) con particolari funzioni, come il traffico e il commercio all’interno dei sistemi di organizzazione territoriale. Inoltre, l’articolo propone anche modelli socio-dinamici per le vie di transito transalpine.

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