Journal ArticleDOI
Trends in the incidence rate and risk factors for breast cancer in Japan
TLDR
The change in the joint distribution of the four risk factors accounted for less than 40% of the increase observed from 1959–60 to 1983–87, suggesting the effects of otherpowerful risk factors.Abstract:
The incidence rate of breast cancer in Japan rose more than two-fold from 1959-60 to 1983-87. To assess to what extent this increase can be explained by changes in the prevalence of four major risk factors of breast cancer (i.e. age at menarche, age at first birth, age at menopause, and parity), we estimated the probability of developing breast cancer based on the joint distribution and relative risks of these four risk factors. The age-specific incidence rate during 1959-60 reported by the Miyagi Prefectural Cancer Registry was used to estimate the baseline hazard rate for women without the four risk factors in the same age group. Assuming that the baseline hazard rate is constant during all periods, we calculated the expected incidence rates during the periods of 1959-60, 1962-64, 1968-71, 1973-77, 1978-81, and 1983-87 for each age group. Large discrepancies were noted between the observed and expected incidence rates during 1983-87 in all age groups. The change in the joint distribution of the four risk factors accounted for less than 40% of the increase observed from 1959-60 to 1983-87, suggesting the effects of other powerful risk factors.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The changing global patterns of female breast cancer incidence and mortality
TL;DR: The descriptive epidemiology of the disease is reviewed, focusing on some of the key elements of the geographical and temporal variations in incidence and mortality in each world region, in the context of the numerous aetiological factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality 1973–1997
TL;DR: Breast cancer incidence and mortality rates remain highest in developed countries compared with developing countries, as a result of differential use of screening mammograms and disparities in lifestyle and hereditary factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of statistics to assess the global burden of breast cancer.
TL;DR: Breast cancer incidence and mortality vary considerably by world region, and mortality is now decreasing in many high‐risk countries due to a combination of intensified early detection efforts and the introduction of mammographic screening.
Journal Article
Cigarette smoking and the risk of breast cancer in women: a review of the literature.
Paul Terry,Thomas E. Rohan +1 more
TL;DR: Overall, the results of these studies suggest that smoking probably does not decrease the risk and indeed suggest that there may be an increased breast cancer risk with smoking of long duration, smoking before a first full-term pregnancy, and passive smoking.
Journal ArticleDOI
Meta-analysis: Dietary Fat Intake, Serum Estrogen Levels, and the Risk of Breast Cancer
TL;DR: Dietary fat reduction can result in a lowering of serum estradiol levels and such dietary modification may still offer an approach to breast cancer prevention, according to review of prospective analytic epidemiologic studies that allowed for dietary measurement error.
References
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Book
Cancer Incidence in Five Continents
Freddie Bray,J. Ferlay,Mathieu Laversanne,David H. Brewster,C. Gombe Mbalawa,B. Kohler,Marion Piñeros,Eva Steliarova-Foucher,Rajaraman Swaminathan,Sebastien Antoni,Isabelle Soerjomataram,David Forman +11 more
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to establish a database of histological groups and to provide a level of consistency and quality of data that could be applied in the design of future registries.
Book
Introduction to the Theory of Statistics
TL;DR: In this article, a tabular summary of parametric families of distributions is presented, along with a parametric point estimation method and a nonparametric interval estimation method for point estimation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reproductive Factors and Breast Cancer
TL;DR: More research is needed into the etiologic roles of menstrual cycle characteristics, especially research examining the probability of prolonged exposure to both estrogens and progesterone concurrently.