Journal ArticleDOI
Tuck in Your Shirt, You Squid: Suggestions in ESL*
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TLDR
The authors conducted a study to determine what, if any, differences exist between the way adult native speakers and non-native speakers make suggestions and what implications there may be for the ESL classroom teacher in helping students develop pragmatic competence.Abstract:
A discourse completion questionnaire consisting of 60 situations designed to elicit suggestions in English was administered to 28 native speakers of Chinese or Malay and 12 native speakers of American English. The purpose of the study was to determine what, if any, differences exist between the way adult native speakers and nonnative speakers make suggestions and what implications there may be, if any, for the ESL classroom teacher in helping students develop pragmatic competence. Situations reflected three degrees of embarrassment to addressees who were varied by familiarity and sex.
Speakers provided suggestions to about 50% of the situations, natives slightly more frequently than did nonnatives; however, nonnatives were slightly more direct in their responses than were natives. All subjects provided suggestions more frequently in urgent situations and less frequently in embarrassing situations. Simple statements of fact were the most common and neutral type of suggestions made by all speakers.
Although suggestions made by native and nonnative speakers were basically similar in directness and frequency, they differed in the number and type of politeness strategies used. Examples of successful strategies used by native speakers, which could be taught to ESL students using a functional approach, as well as some of the pragmatically less successful strategies used by nonnative speakers are discussed.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Research Methods in Interlanguage Pragmatics
Gabriele Kasper,Merete Dahl +1 more
TL;DR: This article reviewed the methods of data collection employed in 39 studies of interlanguage pragmatics, defined narrowly as the investigation of nonnative speakers' comprehension and production of speech acts, and the acquisition of L2-related speech act knowledge.
Journal ArticleDOI
Learning the Rules of Academic Talk: A Longitudinal Study of Pragmatic Change.
TL;DR: This paper found that non-native speakers showed change toward the native speaker norms in their ability to employ appropriate speech acts, moving toward using more suggestions and fewer rejections, and became more successful negotiators.
Journal ArticleDOI
Suggestions: What should ESL students know?
TL;DR: ESL textbooks should include background information on appropriateness when presenting linguistic structures, provide classroom tasks drawn on naturally occurring conversations, and raise learners’ awareness of the different socio-cultural assumptions underlying various linguistic forms for the same speech act.
Book
Pragmatics across Languages and Cultures
TL;DR: This handbook provides a comprehensive overview, as well as breaking new ground, in a versatile and fast growing field, covering a wide range of topics, from speech acts and politeness issues to Lingua Franca and Corporate Crises Communication.
Journal ArticleDOI
A theoretical review of the speech act of suggesting: towards a taxonomy for its use in FLT
TL;DR: In this paper, a taxonomy of linguistic realisation strategies concerning the speech act of suggesting is presented, outlining its main characteristics and differentiating it from other directive speech acts, such as requests.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A cross-cultural perspective on reading comprehension
TL;DR: This paper found that subjects read the native passage more rapidly, recalled a larger amount of information from the original passage, and produced more culturally appropriate elaborations of the native passages, and produce more culturally based distortions of the foreign passage.
Journal Article
Some issues in studying the role of schemata, or background knowledge, in second language comprehension
Journal ArticleDOI
Politeness: comparing native and nonnative judgments
TL;DR: This paper investigated the judgments of politeness made by both native speakers of American English and nonnative ESL learners with varied language backgrounds, using the method of rank orderings in a contextualized condition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pragmatic Comprehension in Learner-Native Speaker Discourse.
TL;DR: This article reported on an exploratory study on FL learners' comprehension of speech acts and discourse functions, referred to as pragmatic comprehension, on the basis of a frame-theoretical approach, some theoretical assumptions and empirical findings about L1 pragmatic comprehension are discussed.