Journal ArticleDOI
Uptake and Distribution of Mercury within Higher Plants
TLDR
The uptake and distribution of inorganic mercury (HgCl2) within higher plants (Pisum sativum and Mentha spicata) was examined using solution culture and radiotracer techniques as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
The uptake and distribution of inorganic mercury (HgCl2) within higher plants (Pisum sativum and Mentha spicata) was examined using solution culture and radiotracer techniques. Plants were found to tolerate an external level of 1 mgHg/kg of solution but both physiological and biochemical processes were affected at 5 mgHg/kg and 10 mgHg/kg. The uptake of Hg into plants grown in hydroponic solution was a function of external concentration. Over the concentration range considered the accumulation of Hg in the roots was linear on a log-log basis although the uptake of the element into the shoots appeared to be two-phased. The distribution of Hg in plants was asymmetrical with much greater amounts of the element in the roots than the shoots. Although the level of Hg increased generally in plant tissues with increasing external levels, the proportion retained in the roots, relative to the shoots, was constant (approximately 95%). Two binding characteristics of the Hg within plant tissue were detected. A major proportion of Hg was tightly bound, being unaffected by treatment with ethanol and hydrochloric acid. The remaining Hg in the tissue was removed by either water or hydrochloric acid treatment. Cell fractionation indicated that the major binding component of Hg in plant tissues was the cell wall.read more
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Heavy metals in soils : trace metals and metalloids in soils and their bioavailability
TL;DR: In this article, the authors defined the sources of heavy metals and metalloids in Soils and derived methods for the determination of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in soil.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mercury in the Swedish environment — Recent research on causes, consequences and corrective methods
Oliver Lindqvist,Kjell Johansson,Lage Bringmark,Birgitta Timm,Mats Aastrup,Arne Andersson,Gunnar Hovsenius,Lars Håkanson,Åke Iverfeldt,Markus Meili +9 more
TL;DR: In the last decade, a new pattern of Hg pollution has been discerned, mostly in Scandinavia and North America, mostly due to more widespread air pollution and long-range transport of pollutants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inputs and outputs of mercury from terrestrial watersheds: a review
TL;DR: This review focuses on mercury (Hg) inputs and outputs in temperate and boreal terrestrial systems, whose sum through throughfall and litterfall is greater than that via precipitation, and outputs considered include volatilization, soil sequestration, and streamflow.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cycling of mercury in the environment: Sources, fate, and human health implications: A review
Felix Beckers,Jörg Rinklebe +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review summarizes recent recent studies on Hg toxicity and its effects on the human health through the consumption of contaminated fish and rice since methylmercury is a potent neurotoxin and elemental Hg vapor is harmful for the central nervous system.
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Mercury-induced oxidative stress in tomato seedlings.
Un-Haing Cho,Jung-O Park +1 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the phytotoxic effects of Hg in tomato seedlings may be achieved by an enhanced production of active oxygen species (AOS) and subsequent lipid peroxidation.
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Sand and Water Culture Methods Used in the Study of Plant Nutrition
Abstract: Since its appearanc e in 1952, Technical Communication no. 22 of the Commonwealt h Bureau of Horticulture and Plantation Crops has come to be recognized, at least in the English language, as the standar d reference for those interested in the developmen t of sand and water culture techniques used in plant nutrition research throughout the British Commonwealth , parts of Europe, and the United States. The Second Edition of this valuabl e work wil l strengthen even further the unique position it occupies. Most (395 of its 477 pages of text) of the book is devoted to a general review of the subject . A second part deal s in somewhat more detai l with the procedures used by the author at Long Ashton. The completenes s of treatment of the subject matter is best attested by the number of references . Their listing, with complet e titles and cross-indexing , requires 55 pages, which gives an estimated number of 1,800 references . The earliest reference date noted was 1699, the latest , 1964. They are primarily from Great Britain and the United States, but paper s from German, French, Russian, and Japanes e publications are also included. The section devoted to the historical developmen t of plant culture techniques is much longer than in the First Edition. The book represent s very much more than a historical account ing, however . It provides in great detail, and with numerous drawings where appropriate, information on every aspect of plant nutrition research . Likely problems that might be encountere d are presented , and the advantage s and disadvantage s of many of the procedures employed and material s used are discussed . A very useful feature of the book are the conclusions and summaries given after some of the topics are discusse d in detail. It wil l serve well the needs of both the researche r actively engaged in plant nutrition studies as well as the teacher seeking material for classroom presentation . With one important exception, the headings into which the subject matter is divided are identical to those of the earlier edition. However, many sections have been completel y revised, and the more recent findings have been added to practicall y all of them. A 30-page section on the "Assessmen t of contamination and the limitations of micronutrient deficiency studies" is a new and valuable addition to the Second Edition. Much of the material which was previousl y reviewed by R. E. Thiers and R. L. Mitchell is included in this section, but the results of some of the studies at Long Ashton are also presented . In the reviewer' s opinion two features of the book could be improved. I found that it took some time to get accustome d to the numbering system used for chapters , sections, and subsections , and the designation of topics in the index in this manner.Search iri g for topics in the text designate d by this numbering system is much slower than finding them by page number designation. A second shortcoming of the book is the kind of binding used. Unless the copy I received was not typical, the pages are not bound securel y and consequentl y wil l pull loose quite readily. I hope this is not generall y true as I believe that the book wil l be subject to heavy use in any laborator y where plant nutrition studies are being conducted.—V. V. Rendig, Dept, of Soils & Plant Nutrition, University of California, Dans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biological methylation of mercury in aquatic organisms.
Sören Jensen,A Jernelöv +1 more
TL;DR: It is reported that both mono and dimethylmercury can be produced in bottom sediments and in rotten fish, and relate the findings to the hazards of mercury pollution.
Journal Article
The general pharmacology of the heavy metals
TL;DR: A discussion of predominantly theoretical aspects of metal poisoning is presented and the responses of biological systems to heavy metals were considered in terms of inferences that could be made concerning the site of the original chemical insult.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cadmium uptake from solution by plants and its transport from roots to shoots
TL;DR: In this article, the uptake of cadmium by the roots of plants and its transport to shoots was examined using solution culture, and it was concluded that although the root can take up large quantities of Cadmium from solution, there are mechanisms which may restrict the movement of cadmetric through plants, and thus to animals.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Binding of Mercury by the Yeast Cell in Relation to Changes in Permeability
Hermann Passow,Aser Rothstein +1 more
TL;DR: No simple stoichiometric relationship exists between the binding of mercury and the physiological response (K+ loss), and that with increasing concentrations of metal, the threshold is exceeded in an increasing proportion of the cells.