Journal ArticleDOI
What Can Be Done About School Shootings? A Review of the Evidence
TLDR
In this paper, the authors examine empirical evidence of school and community violence trends and review evidence on best practices for preventing school shootings, concluding that many of the school safety and security measures deployed in response to school shootings have little research support and strategies such as zero tolerance discipline and student profiling have been widely criticized as unsound practices.Abstract:
School shootings have generated great public concern and fostered a widespread impression that schools are unsafe for many students; this article counters those misapprehensions by examining empirical evidence of school and community violence trends and reviewing evidence on best practices for preventing school shootings. Many of the school safety and security measures deployed in response to school shootings have little research support, and strategies such as zero-tolerance discipline and student profiling have been widely criticized as unsound practices. Threat assessment is identified as a promising strategy for violence prevention that merits further study. The article concludes with an overview of the need for schools to develop crisis response plans to prepare for and mitigate such rare events.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Distinguishing “Loner” Attacks from Other Domestic Extremist Violence
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that far-right extremists are more likely to have a military background, less likely to be married, and more likely planning on dying at the crime, live alone, use a firearm, kill multiple victims, and select government targets.
Journal ArticleDOI
Why Do School Order and Safety Matter
TL;DR: In this article, the study of school violence is recast into the broader and conceptually more fertile framework of school safety and order, and each article addresses key practical questions that map a school safety perspective to multiple bodies of education research as well as to broader transdisciplinary interests.
Journal ArticleDOI
How Can We Improve School Safety Research
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider how education researchers can improve school violence and school safety research by examining gaps in theoretical, conceptual, and basic research on the phenomena of school violence; reviewing key issues in the design and evaluation of evidence-based practices to prevent school violence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relationships among School Climate, School Safety, and Student Achievement and Well-Being: A Review of the Literature.
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the literature explores the relationship among school climate, school safety, student academic achievement and student well-being using a systematic review approach, and discusses the implications for school policies and practices in the areas of school climate and student success.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Achievement Gap and the Discipline Gap Two Sides of the Same Coin
TL;DR: The authors synthesize research on racial and ethnic patterns in school sanctions and considers how disproportionate discipline might contribute to lagging achievement among students of color, and offers promising directions for gap-reducing discipline policies and practices.
Are Zero Tolerance Policies Effective in the Schools? An Evidentiary Review and Recommendations
Russell J. Skiba,Cecil R. Reynolds,Sandra Graham,Peter L. Sheras,Enedina Garcia-Vazquez,Jane Conoley,Rena F. Subotnik,Heidi Sickler,Ashley M. Edmiston,Ron Palomares +9 more
TL;DR: An extensive review of the literature found that, despite a 20-year history of implementation, there are surprisingly few data that could directly test the assumptions of a zero tolerance approach to school discipline, and the data that are available tend to contradict those assumptions.
Book
The Final Report and Findings of the Safe School Initiative: Implications for the Prevention of School Attacks in the United States
TL;DR: The Safe School Initiative as discussed by the authors is an ongoing collaboration between the U.S. Secret Service and the United States Department of Education that aims to determine whether it could have been known that incidents of targeted violence at schools were being planned and whether anything can have been done to prevent them from occurring.
Journal ArticleDOI
Teasing, rejection, and violence: Case studies of the school shootings.
TL;DR: This article examined the role of social rejection in school violence and found that acute or chronic rejection-in the form of ostracism, bullying, and/or romantic rejection-was present in all but two of the incidents.