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We conclude that antibodies and B cells play a critical early role in the defense against disseminated infection by WNV.
Thus, the polyclonal activation of B cells occurs in the absence of an antiviral humoral immune response and the immune complexes do not contain anti-LDV antibodies.
These data indicate that B and T cell cross-reactivity exists between influenza A and B viruses, which may have modulatory effects on the disease process and recovery.
These measurements suggest that the level of EBV-infected B cells is tightly regulated and we propose that the same homeostatic mechanisms that regulate the levels of normal B cells also regulate B cells latently infected with EBV.
Work with genetically modified mice suggests that the viral latent membrane protein LMP1 might allow infected B cells to access the memory compartment by an unusual route.
Studies on cell-mediated immunity against EB virus and EBV transformed B cells provide one of the most interesting and accessible systems for analyzing the host response against a transforming virus, and against its premalignant and malignant cellular products.
Adoptive transfer of memory cells from B+/+ mice led to virus clearance from persistently infected B+/+ recipients even after in vitro depletion of B cells, indicating that B cells or immunoglobulins are not required in the transfer population.
Our results demonstrate that the majority of infectious JCV virions remain cell surface associated and do not efficiently establish infection of B cells.
The results indicate an important role for B cells in host defense against C. neoformans infection and demonstrate a surprising dependence of Ab-mediated protection on B cells in this system.
Interestingly, both viruses can activate infected B lymphocytes to proliferate, as does signalling by the B-cell receptor.
Open accessJournal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1998-Immunity
806 Citations
We propose that EBV indiscriminately infects B cells in mucosal lymphoid tissue and that these cells differentiate to become resting memory B cells that then enter the circulation.