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In summary, this paper defines and explores tailored mutation operators, advancing the state of the art in mutation testing in two ways: 1) it suggests mutation operators that mutate identifiers and literals, extending mutation analysis to a new class of faults and 2) it demonstrates that selecting the location where a mutation operator is applied decreases the number of generated mutants without affecting the coupling of mutants and real faults.
This type of variation in mutation rate is expected to alter a variety of predictions based on mutation load theory and accelerate adaptation to new environments.
The recent development of dominator mutants and minimal mutation analysis lets us analyze selective mutation without the noise introduced by the redundancy inherent in traditional mutation.
In this method, experimental conditions do not need to be altered depending on mutation sites, and it should be the alternative method for mutation screening.
In this article, we propose a new mutation technique called, directed mutation following the concept of induced mutation in biological systems.
The results also give concrete suggestions on how to improve mutation analysis and reveal some inherent limitations.
Special purpose optimizing mutation improves search in domains too large for traditional mutation to be useful.
Thus, this method allows in one step the detection of point mutation, gene rearrangements, and prevention of missing a mutation due to primer mismatch.
It is shown how to take appropriate account of a number of complicating features-in particular, hidden mutation, differential mutation, and uncertain paternity-which can necessitate large corrections to simple estimates.
Loci that do not make a difference to marginal fitnesses at equilibrium are not subject to the reduction principle, and under fine tuning of mutation rates would be expected to have higher mutation rates than loci in mutation-selection balance. Other results include the nonexistence of ‘viability analogous, Hardy–Weinberg’ modifier polymorphisms under multiplicative mutation, and the sufficiency of average transmission rates to encapsulate the effect of modifier polymorphisms on the transmission of loci under selection.