What is the effect of oil on viscosity of starch?5 answersThe addition of oils to starch can significantly impact its viscosity. Research indicates that the incorporation of oils like palm, soybean, and sunflower oil into wheat starch can lead to changes in specific mechanical energy (SME) and starch conversion, with a decrease in viscosity observed as oil concentration increases up to 5%. Furthermore, the defatting of corn and wheat starch followed by the addition of extracted lipids can modify swelling and viscosity characteristics, with differences in lipid composition affecting overall viscosity. Additionally, the viscosity of starch emulsions, such as cassava, potato, and maize starches mixed with arachis oil, is influenced by mucilage viscosity, with higher mucilage viscosity associated with the production of finer and more stable emulsions.
What are the different types of rheological multi-scale models used for asphalt mixtures?4 answersDifferent types of rheological multi-scale models used for asphalt mixtures include the Huet-Sayegh model, the Burgers contact model, the continuum model at the macroscale, the microstructural model at the mesoscale, and the molecular dynamics simulations at the nanoscale. The Huet-Sayegh model is used to simulate the dynamic modulus and loss angle data of asphalt mixtures with polymer-modified bitumen and rubber powder. The Burgers contact model is adopted to model the viscoelastic properties of asphalt mixtures considering an irregular micro-structure and particle contacts. The continuum model is used to describe the physical properties of asphalt at the macroscale. The microstructural model is employed to analyze the physical properties of asphalt mixtures at the mesoscale. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to determine the molecular structures of asphalt at the nanoscale.
What is Rheological Multi-Scale Modelling of Asphalt Mixtures?5 answersRheological multi-scale modeling of asphalt mixtures involves using different modeling techniques to describe the physical and mechanical properties of asphalt at various scales, including the macro, meso, and nano scales. At the macro scale, continuum models are used to analyze the properties and optimize the performance of asphalt-based materials. However, these models cannot explain the roles of different components in asphalt during the degradation process. At the meso scale, microstructural models are employed to describe the physical properties of asphalt mixtures, and various numerical methods are used to analyze these models. Due to the heterogeneous nature of asphalt at the nano scale, molecular dynamics simulations are used to determine the molecular structures of asphalt. By employing modeling techniques at different scales, researchers can gain a better understanding of the properties and behavior of asphalt mixtures, leading to the development of more durable asphalt pavements.
How does the dynamic modulus of asphalt mixtures depend on the temperature?4 answersThe dynamic modulus of asphalt mixtures is influenced by temperature. The results from various studies indicate that the dynamic modulus generally decreases with an increase in temperature. The decrease in dynamic modulus with increasing temperature is more pronounced at low frequencies. Additionally, the dynamic modulus of asphalt mixtures is affected by other factors such as loading frequency, mixture density, and asphalt content. The shape parameter of the dynamic modulus master curve, β, changes with temperature and asphalt type, resulting in different dynamic responses. The high temperature performance of asphalt mixtures can be evaluated using the dynamic modulus and rutting resistance tests. Overall, the dynamic modulus of asphalt mixtures is dependent on temperature, and its behavior can be influenced by various factors such as loading frequency, mixture density, and asphalt content.
What are the rheological properties of bitumen?3 answersBitumen is a complex, multicomponent colloidal dispersed system. The rheological properties of bitumen are influenced by various factors such as the concentration of asphaltenes, the presence of additives, and the rheometer gap size. The concentration of asphaltenes in bitumen affects its glass transition temperature and complex viscosity. Additives, such as "Viskogel" and photopolymer (PhP), can modify the rheological characteristics of bitumen, leading to changes in properties such as softening point, viscosity, and complex modulus. The rheometer gap size also plays a role in determining the rheological properties of bitumen, with smaller gap sizes resulting in lower complex modulus. Understanding and controlling these rheological properties is crucial for optimizing the performance of bitumen in various applications.
What is the viscosity of mpc for spray drying?5 answersThe viscosity of the MPC (Model Predictive Control) for spray drying is not mentioned in the abstracts provided.