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What does it mean if electric field lines are closely spaced together? 

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It is shown that electromagnetic coupling of lines takes place under conditions of both electric and magnetic effects between two or more electrically long lines.
The line attribute of direction, not the orientation, discriminates closely-spaced line segments because when lines are crowded or closely-spaced, their directions are opposite in many cases, even though their orientations are the same.
The radial electric field shear from negative to positive appears in the region and this suggests the boundary between open and closed field lines.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2012
7 Citations
The obtained results demonstrate that the electric field in the gap can be increased by coupling more elements using feeding lines.
Two simpler approximate formulas are finally developed, which provide the electric field with satisfactory accuracy in certain areas in the vicinity of the lines.
It is found that geometric effects dominate the shielding of field lines.
These phenomena are due to the asymmetrical distribution of the field lines.
We show that the Paschen lines provide a significantly more sensitive and accurate electric field indicator than the Balmer lines used previously in such studies.
On the other hand, it was seen that the electric field strength of the transmission lines and their position with respect to ground might have some influence.

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