What are the factors affecting absorbance values?5 answersThe factors affecting absorbance values include the spectral irradiance of the light source, the absorption spectrum of the sample, and the responsivity of the detectors. Other factors that can influence absorbance measurements are filter-to-filter variations, water content of the filter, homogeneity of filter load, and path-length amplification induced by multiple scattering inside the filter. Soil and grain size, permeability, soil density, water content in soil, and groundwater level are also factors that can affect absorption. Additionally, the use of different spectral features and the consideration of errors such as truncation, abridgement, and different bandwidths can impact color coordinates and the calculation of absorbance values.
What is the coefficient of absorption of ethanol?5 answersThe coefficient of absorption of ethanol has been determined to be 3.0 × 10−10 cm W−1.
What is the absorption capacity of biopolymer?5 answersBiopolymers have shown excellent sorption abilities for organic and inorganic contaminants in wastewater. Naturally occurring biopolymers such as chitosan, cellulose, chitin, alginate, carrageen, lignin, proteins, pectin, and microbial biomass products have been found to be effective low-cost sorbents for pollutant removal. Chitosan, in particular, has been used for improving the dyeing efficiency of cotton fabric with natural dyes, showing higher dye absorption and color strength compared to alum-treated fabric. The absorption capacity of biopolymers can vary depending on the specific material and its composition. For example, the adsorption capacity of micro-mesoporous carbons prepared from sodium alginate activation ranged from 198.2 mg g−1 to 718.4 mg g−1 for methylene blue dye. The absorption capacity of biopolymers such as chitin and chitosan can also be enhanced when used in composite materials, such as a polylactide (PLA)/chitin/chitosan composite, which showed improved hydrophilicity and resistance against Staphylococcus aureus.
What is the relationship between the concentration of a solution and its absorbance?5 answersThe relationship between the concentration of a solution and its absorbance is not strictly linear, as assumed by Beer's law. Even in the absence of chemical interactions and instrumental errors, absorbance is only approximately proportional to concentration. This can be derived from the quadratic dependence of the complex refractive index and the molar attenuation coefficient on the dielectric constant and its frequency dispersion. However, for low concentrations or molar oscillator strengths, Beer's law can be derived from dispersion theory, which shows a linear dependence of absorbance on concentration. Therefore, the relationship between concentration and absorbance is influenced by the dielectric function and its frequency dispersion, and deviations from linearity can occur due to the variation of the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function.
What is absorbance in HRBC membrane stabilization assay?5 answersAbsorbance in HRBC membrane stabilization assay refers to the measurement of the amount of light absorbed by the sample during the assay. It is used as a quantitative measure of the membrane stabilizing activity of the test compounds. The absorbance values are obtained using a spectrophotometer, which measures the intensity of light passing through the sample. Higher absorbance values indicate greater membrane stabilization activity, while lower absorbance values indicate less activity. The assay involves subjecting human red blood cells (HRBC) to various stressors, such as heat or hypotonicity, and measuring the extent of membrane lysis. The test compounds, extracted from different plant sources, are then evaluated for their ability to prevent or reduce membrane lysis. The absorbance values obtained from the assay are compared with a standard control to determine the effectiveness of the test compounds in stabilizing the HRBC membrane.
How do you read a absorbance spectrum graph?5 answers