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Using an econometric model, the paper shows that old scrap stocks, which have contributed most of the increase in available old copper scrap over the years, have a very modest impact on secondary production.
The rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of copper, however, which must be large enough for a satisfactory turnover.
The results show that the increase of temperature, concentrations of ammonia and ammonium sulphate is propitious to the leaching rate of copper ore.
All these results showed that the U. S chose importing refined copper to satisfy the demand rather than recycling old scrap.
Open accessJournal ArticleDOI
Xinkai Fu, Stian M. Ueland, Elsa Olivetti 
30 Citations
We find that both industrial activity and world GDP correlate with total scrap supply, with limited dependence on copper price.
The results showed that approximately 300 thousand tons of high-purity copper or high copper alloys were recovered with impurities or copper-alloy scraps, which were finally consumed as copper-alloy scraps.