scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

What is the mechanism of action of the Millon test against tirosin? 


Best insight from top research papers

The Millon test mechanism against tyrosine involves studying the formation of Millon chromophores in protein systems and various tissues, correlating them with natural ultraviolet protein absorption . This cytochemical method quantitatively assesses nucleoprotein complexes in cells, with a linear relationship found between protein absorption at 280 mµ and Millon chromophore intensity at 500 mµ . Proposed schemes detail intermediate products and competing reactions during chromophore formation, based on absorption spectrum changes in test protein systems . Understanding the Millon reaction's mechanism aids in analyzing tyrosine-related processes and protein structures, providing insights into cellular composition and function.

Answers from top 5 papers

More filters
Papers (5)Insight
Patent
30 Nov 1988
19 Citations
Not addressed in the paper.
Not addressed in the paper.
Not addressed in the paper.
The Millon test involves the formation of Millon chromophores through a proposed scheme of intermediate products and competing reactions, indicating a linear relationship with protein absorption at 280 mµ.
Not addressed in the paper.

Related Questions

How microdilution assay is being performed?5 answersThe microdilution assay is commonly performed using a microfluidic cartridge system that includes a base part with a flow channel and a sink, covered by a foil. This system allows for precise dilution of multiple solutions simultaneously, as demonstrated in the design and simulation of a microdiluter chip for various solutes. In antimicrobial studies, the microdilution method involves testing different combinations of antibiotics against bacterial isolates to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations and assess synergistic or antagonistic effects. Additionally, in antimicrobial assays, the microdilution technique is utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of bacteriocins like nisin, especially in combination with chelating agents like EDTA, against Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Overall, the microdilution assay is a versatile and essential tool in various fields for determining susceptibility, potency, and interactions of different agents.
What is the mechanism behind ninhydrin test?4 answersThe mechanism behind the ninhydrin test involves the reaction of ninhydrin with amino acids. Ninhydrin reacts with the amino acids commonly found in fingerprints and other biological materials, producing a purple color. The reaction proceeds through the formation of a ternary labile complex of ninhydrin with copper(II) complexes of glycine and alanine. In addition, ninhydrin exhibits chemiluminescence when oxidized with hydrogen peroxide, and copper(II) and cobalt(II) can catalyze this reaction. The mechanism of the chemiluminescence reaction and the effect of different amino acids on the reaction are discussed. The reduction of ninhydrin can also occur under certain conditions, with the desolation attributed to the stepwise dissociation of H+ and OH- or OR-.
What is Millon's Test?3 answersMillon's Test refers to the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI), which is a clinical test of personality designed to measure personality disorders and major psychiatric syndromes. It has gone through multiple iterations, including the MCMI-II and MCMI-III, and is currently in its fourth iteration, the MCMI-IV. The MCMI is grounded in Theodore Millon's theory of the derivation of personality disorders and is aligned with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). It has become one of the most frequently used instruments for examining personality disorders and clinical syndromes, with over 500 empirical studies based on the measure. However, there has been controversy surrounding the psychometric and normative referencing qualities of the MCMI, as well as its utility in forensic settings. The MCMI-IV and its predecessor instruments have been found to have limited peer-reviewed literature and questionable utility in detecting response bias.
What are the mechanisms of tyrosinase?5 answersTyrosinase is an enzyme responsible for the production of melanin in the human body. The inhibitory kinetics of glabridin on tyrosinase were determined, and it was found that glabridin reversibly inhibits tyrosinase in a noncompetitive manner. Tyrosinase shows kinetic cooperativity in its action on o-diphenols, but not on monophenols. Crystal structures have shown that both monophenol hydroxylation and diphenol oxidation occur at the same site in tyrosinase. Tyrosinases are copper-containing oxidases and are essential enzymes in melanin biosynthesis. The structure and catalytic mechanism of tyrosinases have been extensively studied, but are not completely understood. Overall, the mechanisms of tyrosinase involve the inhibition of tyrosinase by glabridin, kinetic cooperativity in its action on o-diphenols, and the involvement of copper in the catalytic process.
What is the mechanism of action of mycophenolic acid?5 answersMycophenolic acid (MPA) inhibits DNA synthesis by targeting two enzymes, IMP dehydrogenase and GMP synthetase, involved in GMP biosynthesis. This inhibition leads to a decrease in RNA and DNA synthesis. MPA has been found to have anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-tumor, and anti-viral properties. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, causing cell cycle arrest and defects in cytokinesis. MPA also has direct effects on non-immune cells such as fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, mesangial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells. These effects suggest potential therapeutic applications for MPA in fibrosis, vascular damage, and pulmonary hypertension. The mechanism of action of MPA involves the inhibition of GMP synthesis, which can be circumvented by the guanine salvage pathway. However, MPA must enter the cell to exert its inhibitory effects, and it is mostly detoxified in the body, circulating as the glucuronide form.
COuld you give me an illustrate of MICP mechanism?4 answersMicrobially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a process that can be used to strengthen and control fractured rock masses, control dust in coal mines, and stabilize tailings. The MICP mechanism involves the use of microorganisms, such as Bacillus cereus and Bacillus pasteurii, to induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate (calcite) in the presence of suitable conditions. The microorganisms produce urease enzymes that hydrolyze urea, releasing carbonate ions. These carbonate ions react with calcium ions in the environment to form calcite, which acts as a cementing agent. The calcite fills the voids between sand grains, improving the mechanical properties of the material. The MICP process also sequesters heavy metal ions into the calcite lattice, leading to their passivation. Additionally, the use of animal fibers, such as wool, in MICP-cemented loose sands can enhance the mechanical strength and durability of the material by providing nucleation sites for calcite precipitation and generating a fiber-bridging microstructure.

See what other people are reading

What is the agitation used in alkaline hydrolysis with NaOH?
5 answers
The agitation used in alkaline hydrolysis with NaOH varies depending on the specific application. In the study by Li Xing et al., an agitation shaft with gas suction rolling drum, dispersion disc, and agitation elements was utilized for hydrogenation reactions, improving product quality and reducing production costs. On the other hand, Sangchul Hwang and Jeffrey L. Davis explored the feasibility of alkaline hydrolysis of high explosives like TNT and RDX using a continuous stirred tank reactor, achieving significant reductions in contaminants through specific pH ranges and hydraulic retention times. These studies highlight the importance of tailored agitation mechanisms for different processes, showcasing the diverse approaches employed in various applications of alkaline hydrolysis with NaOH.
Is there any research about sodium trimetaphosphate effect to exelerate hydrolysis at high temperature?
5 answers
Research indicates that sodium trimetaphosphate (STM) can influence hydrolysis at high temperatures. Studies show that the formation of trimetaphosphate is accelerated at chain ends compared to middle groups. Additionally, the degradation of chainlike polyphosphates in aqueous solutions at elevated temperatures leads to the formation of cyclic trimetaphosphate, which is catalytically accelerated by certain metal salts. Furthermore, the one-step thermal synthesis of STM from sodium chloride and orthophosphoric acid at 600°C results in high-quality STM production, with hydrochloric acid being the only byproduct. These findings collectively suggest that sodium trimetaphosphate can play a role in accelerating hydrolysis processes at high temperatures through various mechanisms.
How m-cresol behaves at 7.4 pH.?
5 answers
At pH 7.4, m-cresol exhibits distinct behaviors based on the solvent system. In aqueous organic solvents like 1,4-dioxane-water and methanol-water, m-cresol's self-association and clustering are influenced by the water content. Additionally, the alkali-catalyzed reaction of m-cresol with formaldehyde at various pH levels shows second-order kinetics, with the rate increasing with pH. Furthermore, the interaction of m-cresol with the dye cresol red in an aqueous medium at different pH values affects the dye's form and absorbance, particularly transitioning from the anionic form to the dianionic form with increasing pH due to charged amino acids. These studies collectively highlight the pH-dependent behavior of m-cresol in different chemical environments, showcasing its diverse reactivity and interactions at pH 7.4.
What are the mechanisms by which Fe2 / Fe3 ratio influences the rate of the Fenton reaction?
5 answers
The Fe2/Fe3 ratio significantly influences the rate of the Fenton reaction through various mechanisms. The presence of reducing mediators can accelerate Fe2+ regeneration, enhancing the generation of reactive oxygen species like hydroxyl radicals, which are crucial in Fenton-based processes. Additionally, the Fe2/Fe3 ratio plays a vital role in the efficient generation of surface Fe(II) in micro-nano structured Fe2O3@FeB composites, leading to enhanced hydroxyl radical production and Fenton-degradation of pollutants. Moreover, the Fe(III)/H2O2 system in the Fenton reaction undergoes an autocatalysis process where the conversion rate triggers the switch of the Fenton-like reaction as a real rate-determining step, emphasizing the importance of Fe2/Fe3 ratio in the reaction kinetics.
Why is anhydrous copper sulphate white and the pentahydrate blue?
5 answers
Anhydrous copper sulfate appears white due to its lack of water molecules, while the pentahydrate form is blue because of its specific molecular structure. The pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) has a crystalohydrate structure with five water molecules linked to the copper sulfate molecule, resulting in a bright blue color. The color difference arises from the interaction of light with the hydrated copper sulfate's molecular arrangement, leading to the absorption and reflection of specific wavelengths that give it a blue hue. Additionally, the presence of water molecules in the pentahydrate form influences its terahertz spectrum, making its spectral signature challenging to identify without controlled drying and advanced spectroscopic techniques. The distinct colors of anhydrous and pentahydrate copper sulfate highlight the impact of hydration on the optical properties of compounds.
What are the synthetic methods and conditions for achieving efficient bis-hydroxylation of glycal?
5 answers
Efficient bis-hydroxylation of glycals can be achieved through various synthetic methods and conditions. One approach involves using a bimetallic oxidizing system to catalyze the dihydroxylation reaction on glycals, resulting in the formation of sugar 1,2-diols in a highly stereoselective manner. Another method utilizes a 1,4-dioxane–bromine complex/DMAP promoter to convert thioglycosides into 2-hydroxy glycals with good yields, ranging from 61% to 85%. Additionally, the use of well-defined aryl-CuIII complexes in the presence of water as a nucleophile can lead to the synthesis of phenols through reductive elimination, showcasing the potential for efficient bis-hydroxylation reactions. These methods highlight diverse strategies for achieving bis-hydroxylation of glycals under specific synthetic conditions.
How does the rate of hydrolysis of aspirin change with change in ph and temperature?
5 answers
The rate of hydrolysis of aspirin is influenced by pH and temperature. Studies have shown that the hydrolysis of aspirin remains consistent in terms of mechanism and rate-determining step within a certain temperature range, indicating that heavy atom rearrangement of the ester is a significant aspect of the process. Additionally, the hydrolysis kinetics of aspirin derivatives, like isosorbide diaspirinate, exhibit pseudo-first-order kinetics over various pH values, with a U-shaped pH rate profile. Furthermore, the alkaline hydrolysis of aspirin has been found to be inhibited by CTAB micelles, impacting the reaction rates at different temperatures. Overall, the rate of aspirin hydrolysis is intricately linked to pH variations and temperature changes, showcasing the complex interplay between these factors in determining the reaction kinetics.
What is the reaction mechanism of molybdinum with amoinum phosphate?
4 answers
The reaction mechanism of molybdenum with ammonium phosphate involves distinct stages and pathways. The formation of molybdophosphate complexes can occur through various processes. One pathway involves the slow reaction of isopolymolybdate with phosphate, leading to the formation of 11-molybdophosphate before transforming into 12-molybdophosphate. Another pathway includes the dehydration pathway of the precursor material MoO2PO3OH·H2O to γ-(MoO2)2P2O7, forming intermediate phases like β-MoOPO4 and δ-(MoO2)2P2O7. Additionally, the molybdenum storage protein utilizes ATP to pump molybdate into a cage-like protein complex, involving sequential binding of molybdate, ATP, and Mg2+ followed by a nucleophilic attack and hydrolysis mechanism. These insights provide a comprehensive understanding of the intricate reactions between molybdenum and ammonium phosphate.
Why m-cresol permeation is lower than 2-amino-4-nitrophenol?
5 answers
The lower permeation rate of m-cresol compared to 2-amino-4-nitrophenol can be attributed to their differing characteristics. In the study by Din et al., it was found that m-nitrophenol exhibited slower transfer rates through a membrane system compared to o- and p-nitrophenol, likely due to its higher water solubility. On the other hand, the permeability of phenolic compounds through skin, as studied by Huq et al., showed that the permeability coefficients for different phenols increased with lipophilicity, with some phenols permeating skin easily in their free acid forms. This suggests that the chemical properties and solubility of the compounds play a significant role in their permeation rates, explaining why m-cresol may have a lower permeation rate compared to 2-amino-4-nitrophenol.
Whats thge mechanism for the monochloroacetic acid hydrolysis?
5 answers
The hydrolysis mechanism of monochloroacetic acid involves various pathways depending on the conditions. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of monochloroesters follows the AAC2 mechanism, while dihalogenated esters undergo hydrolysis through both AAC2 and A-BAC3 mechanisms. Trihalogenated esters primarily undergo hydrolysis via the A-BAC3 mechanism, which involves an unsymmetrical catalyzed partition of intermediates formed during water-catalyzed addition to the carbonyl group. Additionally, the oxidation of monochloroacetic acid by OH radicals involves hydrogen atom abstraction from the -CH2Cl site, leading to the formation of CHClC(O)OH radicals. The photolysis of monochloroacetic acid results in the production of various products like Cl-, CH2OHCOOH, CO2, CH3COOH, HCHO, and CH4, indicating a complex reaction mechanism.
How to increase degradation time of biopolymers of high tensile strength in different conditions?
5 answers
To increase the degradation time of biopolymers with high tensile strength in various conditions, blending different polymers can be a viable strategy. For instance, blending poly(p-dioxanone) (PDO) and poly(lactide-co-caprolactone) (LCL) in specific compositions can enhance toughness and allow for tailored degradation times. Additionally, the use of fumaric acid as a key monomer in polymer fabrication can provide high-performance and thermal-induced degradation properties, contributing to increased durability during the biopolymer's lifespan. Furthermore, accelerated degradation testing methodologies, incorporating parameters like temperature, time, and humidity, can aid in understanding the degradation mechanisms of biopolymers like Polylactic Acid (PLA). By leveraging these approaches, it is possible to extend the degradation time of biopolymers while maintaining high tensile strength under different environmental conditions.