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Which sport organization was the first to establish anti doping rules following the death of a cyclist in the Tour de France? 

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We argue that anti-doping policy in sport would benefit from placing greater emphasis on a harm minimisation model.
In this way, the historical roots of anti-doping reveal much about today's fascination with drugs and sports.
This article contends that professional cyclists have undergone civilising processes in relation to doping within the sport.
The relationship of doping and the Tour de France is not simply one that links a demanding competition and the means employed by riders to face up to that.
The history of the Tour makes it clear, for example, that public opinions about doping do not always conform to the prohibitionist line that is publicly embraced by many officials, and this in itself is a matter of real social significance.
We argue that the management of drug use in sport needs to be fundamentally reconsidered in three key ways: (i) there needs to be a much clearer rationale justifying the aims, objectives and purpose of anti-doping policy; (ii) the inefficiencies of the doping and anti-doping industries need to be eliminated with the objective of creating public good; and (iii) detection and sanction technologies need to be reconceptualised to help policy-makers manage better the use of drugs in sport.