Showing papers on "Amaranthus hypochondriacus published in 1992"

Fractionation procedures, electrophoretic characterization, and amino acid composition of amaranth seed proteins

Abstract: Proteins from Amaranthus hypochondriacus were extracted according to the Osborne classification. Various extracting agents were tested for protein solubilization. It was found that t he best agent for extraction of albumins and globulins was NazHP04, pH 7, and for glutelins was NazB407 + 1% (w/v) SDS + 0.6 % (v/v) 2-mercaptoethanol, pH 10. The major and minor seed protein fractions were albumins and prolamins, respectively. Defatting with hexane remarkably affected the distribution of protein solubility classes. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis patterns of nonreduced and reduced albumins showed a major band at 36-34 kDa; the globulin fraction showed several major bands between 38 and 36,33 and 31, and 27 and 21 kDa plus some others within this range and over. Reduced globulin, prolamin, and glutelin fractions shared some common electrophoretic bands (67,38, 35, 26, and 24 kDa). Albumins and globulins were rich in lysine and valine. Prolamins had high contents of sulfur amino acids and phenylalanine, and glutelins were rich in leucine, threonine, and histidine.

Characterization of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) seed proteins

Abstract: Amaranth seed has a high nutritional value due to the balanced amino acid composition of its proteins. These were isolated by sequential extractions. The percentage concentrations of albumins, globulins, prolamins, and glutelins were 51.0, 15.9, 2.0, and 31.1, respectively, of total protein extracted, the insoluble fraction being quantitatively negligible. Albumins are the richest in sulfur amino acids (4.4%), globulins in lysine (7.0%), and prolamins in leucine (10%) and threonine (7.2%). Glutelins poorest in lysine (4.2%)

Study of the charge profile and covalent subunit association of the oligomeric seed globulin from Amaranthus hypochondriacus

Abstract: The physiochemical properties of the oligomeric salt-soluble seed globulin from the Amaranthus hypochondriacus were examined in relationship to its surface charge and subunit association

Sterols of seed oils of Vernonia galamensis, Amaranthus cruentus, Amaranthus caudatus, Amaranthus hybridus and Amaranthus hypochondriacus grown in the humid tropics

Abstract: Analysis of sterols of seed oils from Vernonia galamensis, Amaranthus cruentus, A caudatus, A hybridus and A hypochondriacus, the last four being exotic breeds planted in the humid tropics of Africa, is presented in this report. Identifiable sterols in all the seed oil samples include campesterol, stigmasterol, s-sitosterol, Δ5-avenasterol and Δ7-avenasterol except for Vernonia galamensis where cholesterol was detected (63.61 mg per 100 g oil).

Grain amaranth: A promising crop for marginal areas of Kenya

Abstract: Kenya, a country where grain amaranth has rarely been cultivated, was selected for research to determine whether germplasm and cropping patterns could be developed to accommodate regular biannual wet and dry seasons. In addition to germplasm screening and improvement, yield observations were made to learn more about adaptation in various crop production areas and with various times of planting, times to maturity, fertilizer applications, and planting densities under standardized conditions. The most rapidly maturing grain type in Kenya was the “Nepal” morphological group of Amaranthus hypochondriacus, which matured within 60 days of planting. The A. hypochondriacus “Mercado” morphological group also performed well at many locations in Kenya, although it grew taller and took a few days longer to mature. A few accessions of A. caudatus produced a high‐quality grain, although the researchers felt it took too many days to reach maturity. A. cruentus proved to be of little use. Excessive moisture depr...

Chemical evaluation of exotic grain amaranth seed planted in the humid lowlands of West Africa.

Abstract: Seeds harvested from Amaranthus cruentus, A. caudatus, A. hybridus and A. hypochondriacus planted under West African ecological conditions were analysed for their chemical and nutritional properties. Despite the agronomic environment, nutrient contents―protein, 18.2±1.2%; carbohydrate, 65.2±2.4%; crude fat, 5.7±0.7% and total dietary fibre, 19.6±5.7%―were comparable with figures obtained elsewhere and with values earlier reported for the parent stock. Levels of the nutritive macrominerals, K, Mg, Ca, and of the microminerals, Cu, Fe, Zn, as well as essential amino acids, lysine (4.8 g/16 g N) and sulphur-containing amino acids (3.8 g/16 g N) were high. The lipid fraction was very rich in unsaturated fatty acids (76.2±1.6%) with a mean ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acid of 0.27. Although the grains contain phytate (5.90-23.50 mg phytate g −1 defatted meal) and tannins (0.03-1.12%), the levels were comparable with other grains and may prove not to be inhibitory to both protein and mineral utilization

A pitfall in determining the globulin/albumin ratio in amaranth grains.

Abstract: In amaranth grains (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. and Amaranthus cruentus L.), there were two albumin (Alb) fractions, Alb-1 and Alb-2; Alb-1 was extracted with water or 0.5 M NaCl, and Alb-2 was extracted with water after extracting Alb-1 and globulin. The amount of Alb-2 comprised about 30% of the total albumin and globulin content. Little or no measurable protein corresponding to the amaranth Alb-2 was extracted from seeds of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa L.), or barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Sekitorisai-1). That the globulin/albumin ratio (G/A) in amaranth grains has been conflicting among investigators probably accounts for the consideration of Alb-2 during extraction. We here report the revised G/A ratio of 0.3-0.4.