Showing papers on "Applied science published in 2007"

OFDM-based cognitive radio for DSA networks

Abstract: Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Kansas, Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, 2007.

Computer science: a language of technology

Abstract: The field of computer science has been rapidly developing since its recognition as a stand-alone discipline. The dynamics of the field led to its inadequate public image and posed challenges regarding how to make computer science studies more appealing to students. Recently, computer science has been recognized as a language of natural sciences, and its synergy with these sciences became noteworthy. This paper illuminates another facet of computer science. We call for the acknowledgement of computer science as a scientific paradigm, which is a language of technology. The language describes structures, processes, relationships, and communications. We believe that this view expands the responsibility of computer science in the contemporary world and legitimates its status as a basic language that is essential for acquiring scientific and technological literacy.

Physics from Computer Science

Abstract: Where sciences interact. We are, respectively, a computer scientist interested in the logic and semantics of computation, and a physicist interested in the foundations of quantum mechanics. Currently we are pursuing what we consider to be a very fruitful collaboration as members of the same Computer Science department. How has this come about? It flows naturally from the fact that we are working in a field of computer science where physical theory starts to play a key role, that is, n ural computation , with, of course,quantum computation as a special case. At this workshop there will be many advocates of this program present, and we are honoured to be part of that community. But there is more. Our joint research isbothresearch on semantics for distributed computing with non-von Neumann architectures, andon the axiomatic foundations of physical theories. This dual character of our work comes without any compromise, and proves to be very fruitful.

The last scientific revolution

Abstract: Critically growing problems of fundamental science organisation and content are analysed with examples from physics and emerging interdisciplinary fields. Their origin is specified and new science structure (organisation and content) is proposed as a unified solution.

Design Methodology is not Design Science

Abstract: This paper argues that design methodology cannot become the science of design. A method does not constitute a science. Moreover, in the same way that biology is not a science of how biologists work, design science cannot be a science of how designers work.

Information Science: Toward the Development of A True Scientific Discipline

Abstract: It is pointed out that if information science is to be considered a “true” science similar to physics or chemistry then it must have a set of concepts and analytical expressions which apply to the flow of information in a general way Such expressions should be relatively independent of the particular context or application under consideration Definitions of a rigorous nature for the fundamental quantities involved must be established These must have general applicability and must be related to other known and measurable quantities It is desirable also that they be capable of quantification In several previous papers, the author and a colleague have described a model of a generalized information system which has wide, and perhaps universal applicability This paper elaborates on this model and indicates the range of its applicability Several fundamental quantities are defined specifically in a way which allows for quantification It is pointed out in this paper that this model can be the basis for the development of a “true” science of information with all of the necessary requirements for a science By the use of this model and the definition of a “true” science, the goals and requirements for a curriculum in information science are thus established Various applications of information science must then exist in much the same way that many applications of physics exist In the latter case, the applications usually give rise to various branches of engineering In the case of information science, one of the applications is librarianship–although many others exist as well Some of these are referred to in the paper In particular, science information as a subset of information science is discussed Within this context, information is defined as data of value in decision making Quantitative measures of information can be obtained by relating information to specific observable actions which can be measured physically

Engineering Science as Opposed to Natural Science

Abstract: In exploring the epistemology of engineering science, we propose a model of engineering. This model incorporates the goals of engineering, the approach to engineering (also called the engineering method) and the role of experience in engineering. The basis for understanding the nature of engineering science will be explored, and will be contrasted with natural science. To begin, a large-scale engineering project that was successfully completed in Ireland many years ago is discussed specifically, the development of a megalithic passage tomb as an exemplar of the engineering method in structural design, project management and aesthetics. This exemplar firmly demonstrates that engineering method existed before the development and understanding of the relevant natural science. We next contrast the nature of engineering or engineering science and natural science. This discussion will further develop the engineering model, but will contrast the philosophical differences between engineering and science. We then return to build upon the 'engineering model' through the modern day exemplar of the development of the jet engine, demonstrating that invariably multiple factors, including creative design initiatives from different sources, global, political, economic and cultural circumstance, and the passage of time contribute to the evolution and success (or failure) of large sustainable scientific and engineering projects. In conclusion, the engineering model is mapped to a philosophical model demonstrating that philosophy is as relevant to engineering as it is to other fields .

The Teaching of the Natural Science Disciplines in the Schools.

Abstract: There are no fewer than three dozen scientific groups dealing with problems of the development of methods of teaching physics, chemistry, and biology in this country; they are working in pedagogical and classical universities and in institutes of the Russian Academy of Education. Innovative schoolteachers are involved in this endeavor as they attempt to improve the teaching and learning process in their practice. Without question it is reasonable to dispute the relevance and effectiveness of a number of the methodology projects that have been carried out. We find studies whose hypotheses are obvious, so that essentially it is not so easy to call them experiments. What makes us wary is the constant and unchanging success rate of the pedagogical experiments—never the case in the natural sciences—and the subject matter of some dissertations is distressingly far-fetched. One problem that is terra incognita for our methodology science is the residual carryover knowledge that is retained by the main contingent of graduates of secondary school who do not go on to study the natural sciences any further and do not acquire an education in the natural sciences, engineering, or medicine after

Temporal difference method with hebbian plasticity rule as a learning algorithm in networks of chaotic spiking neurons

Abstract: M.S. -- Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Computer Science, Notre Dame University, Louaize, 2007; "A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science"; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-55).

Science And Engineering Research: Assessment Methods

Abstract: The evaluation of research and indeed any aspect of science and engineering is a complex process. Engineering research encompasses a wide range of creative, theoretical and practical activities involving many communities within a country and beyond. Such diversity, both in the communities of interest that science and engineering serves, and in the character of the research itself, poses a number of challenges to the assessment of excellence.