Showing papers on "Biodiversity published in 1970"

Conservation and monitoring of invertebrates in terrestrial protected areas

Abstract: Invertebrates constitute a substantial proportion of terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity and are critical to ecosystem function. However, their inclusion in biodiversity monitoring and conservation planning and management has lagged behind better-known, more widely appreciated taxa. Significant progress in invertebrate surveys, systematics and bioindication, both globally and locally, means that their use in biodiversity monitoring and conservation is becoming increasingly feasible. Here we outline challenges and solutions to the integration of invertebrates into biodiversity management objectives and monitoring in protected areas in South Africa. We show that such integration is relevant and possible, and assess the relative suitability of seven key taxa in this context. Finally, we outline a series of recommendations for mainstreaming invertebrates in conservation planning, surveys and monitoring in and around protected areas. Conservation implications: Invertebrates constitute a substantial and functionally significant component of terrestrial biodiversity and are valuable indicators of environmental condition. Although consideration of invertebrates has historically been neglected in conservation planning and management, substantial progress with surveys, systematics and bioindication means that it is now both feasible and advisable to incorporate them into protected area monitoring activities.

The Douglas-Fir forests of Banff and Jasper National Parks, Canada.

Abstract: Twenty stands of uniform, mature, undisturbed Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca forest were selected in Banff and Jasper National Parks, using a combination of airphoto and ground surveys. Quantita...

Diversity of butterflies in four different forest types in Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia.

Abstract: Widhiono I. 2015. Diversity of butterflies in four different forest types in Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia.Biodiversitas 16: 196-204. The study was carried out in four different habitat types (secondary forest, plantation forest, agroforest, andtourist area) on the southern slope of Mount Slamet, Baturaden Forest, Central Java, Indonesia from July 2009 to August 2010. A totalof 99 species belonging to eight families showed a dominance of Nymphalidae (30 species) followed by Pieridae (17 species),Lycaenidae (15 species), Papilionidae (13 species), Satyridae (11 species), Danaidae (6 species), Amathusidae (4 species), andRiodinidae (3 species). From the 99 butterflies species found on the southern slope of Mount Slamet, 32 species (30%) were specific tothe forest, whereas 63 species (60.6%) were common to all habitats sampled, and the last 10 species (9.4%) were endemics species withone protected species (Troides helena). The present results was showed that butterflies diversity, abundance, and endemism is stillrelatively high, representing 18% of all butterfly species found in Java and supporting 71.4% endemic species found in Central Java.The plantation forest were contributed the highest diversity and abundance of butterfly species, whereas the agroforest showed thelowest diversity, abundance, and endemism. Among all habitats surveyed, the secondary forest represented the most suitable habitat forbiodiversity conservation and maintenance of rare and endemic species.

Status of coastal forests of the Northern Sumatra in 2004's tsunami catastrophe)

Abstract: Onrizal, Mansor M. 2015. Status of coastal forests of the Northern Sumatra in 2005 (after 2004's tsunami catastrophe) Biodiversitas 17: 44-54. The first intensive ecological study of coastal vegetation including mangrove, littoral and peat swamp forests after the 2004 tsunami catastrophe in Northern Sumatra was conducted from January to December 2005 where 16 sampling sites along 2960km coastline in Northern Sumatra were selected. In each site, one quadrate of 100 m x 100 m was established and divided into 10 m x 10 m subplots where all standing trees of ≥ 2 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) were identified to species level and measured. Overall 54,871 standing trees were recorded in 16 sites comprising 84 species in 65 genera and 37 families. Mangrove trees Rhizophora apiculata and R. mucronata were widely distributed and are dominant in most of the sampling sites. This indicated that these species have stronger resilient compared to other species. The highest value of Shannon-Wiener index of species and Evenness index of species was 3.03 and 0.85, respectively. It means that some sites were rich in biodiversity which harbors various species of plants. Subsequently, undisturbed coastal forests including mangroves, littoral forests and peat swamp forests characterized by dense stands, mixed species and structures play an important role in coastal protection against tsunami. Therefore, the coastal vegetation is needed to conserve the biodiversity and to maintain the production capacity as part of sustainable and longlasting vegetation bioshield.

Management In Northeastern Brazil : FaunalBiodiversity

Abstract: A total of 618 taxa were identified to Itamaraca ecosystem. Of these, 113 were benthic mollusks, 177 benthic crustaceans, 140 fish, 71 birds, 1 16 zooplankton and 1 species of sea mammal. Taxonomic biodiversity was high considering a mangrove estuarine area. The coexistence of these taxa confirm the importance of the estuarine complex of Itamaraca as a feeding, breeding, maturation and protection area, which in turn confers special interest in preserving the existent resources. In spite of numerous indiscriminate activities carried out in this area, the pollution bioindicators are generally restricted to the estuaries of the rivers, meaning that the area has high resilience. There is a strong marine influence which allows for the preservation of the biodiversity.

Den naturhistoriske samling og forskningen

Abstract: Natural history collections and research Among the research activities linked to natural history collections, biological systematics stands out for the topicality conferred upon it by growing concern over the biodiversity crisis. Systematic biologists, most of whom work in natural history museums, are faced with the task of naming and describing/redescribing millions of undescribed or poorly described organisms from rapidly dwindling natural habitats, and of classifying the known organisms according to their phylogenetic affinities, so that all kinds of biological information on all kinds of organisms may be pieced together into coherent patterns.

Species diversity of cerambycid beetles at reclamation area of coal mining in Berau District, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract: Sugiarto, Boer C, Mardji D. 2016. Species diversity of cerambycid beetles at reclamation area of coal mining in Berau District, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 200-207. Longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) are amongst the most popular beetle families and hence lots of research has been carried out on the family. However, the presence of this beetle in the reclamation area of PT Berau Coal has not been investigated yet. PT Berau Coal is a coal company that has long been operated. In the former mining areas have been planted with reclamation plants. The study was carried out to determine the cerambycid beetle species diversity in three sites of the reclamation area, mainly Lati (L), Sambarata (S) and Binungan (B). This is the first report of cerambycid beetles diversity at areclamation area of PT Berau Coal. This study reveals a total of 16, 19 and 22 species with 100, 140 and 192 individuals respectively. Calculation with Simpson’s diversity index (1-D) resulted in highly index of biodiversity, namely 0.90, 0.89 and 0.89 respectively. These highly index of diversity is likely due to varied types of vegetation and distance from natural forest to study sites is relatively close. There were seven species respectively dominant at Lati and Sambarata reclamation areas, while at Binungan were six species.Simpson’s evenness index of Lati was the highest, followed by Sambarata and Binungan, that were 0.64, 0.53 and 0.41, respectively. This differences might be influenced by the ability of each beetle species to move to other habitats. Jaccard’s similarity indices at the three sites were relatively same; they were L with S = 0.45, L with B = 0.46 and S with B = 0.46. The similarity index reflects similar environmental conditions of the three study sites. From the viewpoint of nature conservation, it is concluded that post-mining areas canplay a key role in the conservation of beetle diversity since they are as new habitat for beetles species whose original habitats are now in critical condition due to human impact. An important task for future management of post-mining areas is to maintain successional processes and to prevent loss of habitat diversity through revegetation.

Plant Biodiversity In An Urban Wildlife Refuge Of New York City

Abstract: Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, comprising 3,705 hectares, is part of a large National Park Unit, Gateway National Recreation Area, New York, New Jersey, USA. Gateway National Recreation Area was created by an act of Congress in 1972, to preserve the science, beauty, flora, fauna, and recreational opportunities of the estuaries and beaches in the New York City metropolitan area. Gateway is the United States' first urban national park. Urban and industrial developments have modified the natural environment by grading and filling, construction, pollution from biological and chemical contaminants and over harvesting or eradication of native plant species. Despite these impacts, the natural environment and many native plants have been remarkably preserved. Within the wildlife refuge are a variety of habitats including salt marsh, successional old fields, shrublands, woodlands, freshwater wetlands dominated by Phragmites australis, fresh and brackish-water impoundments, and several old landfill sites. Here we report on an aspect of a large comprehensive study dealing with the restoration of the Jamaica Bay ecosystem. We present information on enhancing and maintaining plant biodiversity in an urban wildlife refuge. Our initial objective has been to prepare a complete floristic inventory of the refuge, involving vegetation sampling, herbarium work, and voucher specimen deposition. Identified to date are 330 species of vascular plants. Once the plants have been completely inventoried, we will suggest recommendations to maintain andtor increase plant biodiversity at the refuge. The creation of new habitats such as freshwater impoundments, the introduction of native species, arresting community development by selectively cutting, mowing or burning will provide habitat supporting a more diverse number of species. Transactions on Ecology and the Environment vol 46, © 2001 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3541

La vegetación de las montañas de Tlemcen (Argelia). Apariencia fitoecológica

Abstract: The shrublands in the mountains of the North-western Algeria were strongly affected by drought and fire. The degradation of these mountains for the benefit of crops and pastures affects more than 20% of the area occupied by these ecosystems. The analysis of biodiversity at these sites, through 04 stations (Tlemcen, Hafir, Sidi Djilali and Sebdou), shows a predominance of therophytes. Chamephytes (shrubs) also have an important place in the biological type. As regards, the phytogeographic aspect; Mediterranean species dominate with a high percentage of taxa. The characterization of ecological gradients, which influence the plant structure in the region, shows that physiognomic, latitudinal and altitudinal gradients affect biodiversity in this area. This ecological approach could be used to reorganize research topics with a global model for conservative management of these natural habitats.

Inventario florístico del bosque que rodea a la laguna en la estación biológica pindo mirador pastaza-ecuador

Abstract: Tropical forests harbor a great biodiversity of species and are an ideal site investigations of flora . The aim was to identify the floristic species in the forest surrounding the lagoon and determine the value and importance of species in the study area . The choice of sampling design was based taking into account standardized methodologies , specialized literature and resources available . Was applied in the forest 5 plots of 50X4m ( 0,1ha ) . He later proceeded to collect botanical specimens of species that could not be identified directly in the field . Recording processing photographs of the samples were documented . The results disclosed 57 species belonging to 23 families and 42 genera . The forest has a fairly low diversity , density of emergent trees is low; however, represent a third of the basal area of the forest, while there is a highly labeled species of saplings density. Highlighting the most representative families Rubiaceae , Melastomataceae , Caprifoliaceae , Actinidaceae and Cyatheaceae . The forest around the lake is a major ecological, natural, environmental potential ; There are pioneer species such as Vismia , Cecropia , Annona , Miconia , Alchornea and Jacaranda . This forest ecosystem depend many animal dispersers and pollinators seeds that guarantee their recovery, which in the future could become a potential source of germplasm in the Upper Amazon.