Showing papers on "Broadband networks published in 2018"

Neural adaptive content-aware internet video delivery

Abstract: Internet video streaming has experienced tremendous growth over the last few decades. However, the quality of existing video delivery critically depends on the bandwidth resource. Consequently, user quality of experience (QoE) suffers inevitably when network conditions become unfavorable. We present a new video delivery framework that utilizes client computation and recent advances in deep neural networks (DNNs) to reduce the dependency for delivering high-quality video. The use of DNNs enables us to enhance the video quality independent to the available bandwidth. We design a practical system that addresses several challenges, such as client heterogeneity, interaction with bitrate adaptation, and DNN transfer, in enabling the idea. Our evaluation using 3G and broadband network traces shows the proposed system outperforms the current state of the art, enhancing the average QoE by 43.08% using the same bandwidth budget or saving 17.13% of bandwidth while providing the same user QoE.

Hybrid Photonic-Plasmonic Nonblocking Broadband 5 × 5 Router for Optical Networks

Abstract: Photonic data routing in optical networks is expected to overcome the limitations of electronic routers with respect to data rate, latency, and energy consumption. However, photonics-based routers suffer from dynamic power consumption, and nonsimultaneous usage of multiple wavelength channels when microrings are deployed and are sizable in footprint. Here, we show a design for the first hybrid photonic-plasmonic, nonblocking, broadband $5\times 5$ router based on 3-waveguide silicon photonic-plasmonic $2\times 2$ switches. The compactness of the router (footprint $ ) results in a short optical propagation delay (0.4 ps) enabling high data capacity up to 2 Tb/s. The router has an average energy consumption ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 fJ/bit depending on either DWDM or CDWM operation, enabled by the low electrical capacitance of the switch. The total average routing insertion loss of 2.5 dB is supported via an optical mode hybridization deployed inside the $2\times 2$ switches, which minimizes the coupling losses between the photonic and plasmonic sections of the router. The router's spectral bandwidth resides in the S, C, and L bands and exceeds 100 nm supporting wavelength division multiplexing applications since no resonance feature is required. Taken together this novel optical router combines multiple design features, all required in next-generation high data-throughput optical networks and computing systems.

Tutorial: Broadband fiber-wireless integration for 5G+ communication

Abstract: The increased bandwidth demand has motivated the exploration of fiber-wireless integration (FWI) for future broadband 5G+ cellular communication networks. FWI offers ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless delivery with low interference, which will be prospective for 5G/5G+ mobile communication wireless access, military application, disaster emergency communication, broadband communication at home, and so on. As an effective carrier, millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequencies between 30 GHz and 300 GHz are a new frontier for FWI that offers the promise of orders of magnitude greater bandwidths. In this paper, we summarize all kinds of enabling technologies for FWI, including the photonic vector mm-wave generation scheme, the integration of various multi-dimensional multiplexing techniques, radio-frequency-transparent (RF-transparent) photonic demodulation technology for fiber-wireless-fiber network, and low-complexity high-efficiency digital signal processing (DSP). Based on DSP for UWB high-spectrum-efficiency signal coherent detection, we have made great progress in the field of the mm-wave-band (from Q- to D-band) broadband signal generation and long-distance transmission. These experimental results show that FWI with large-capacity, long-distance, and high-spectrum-efficiency has important scientific and practical significance for the development of the future 5G+ wireless communication.

A Smart Automated Signature Extraction Scheme for Mobile Phone Number in Human-Centered Smart Home Systems

Abstract: Human-centered smart devices profiling with Wi-Fi networks has received much attention from both research and industry, especially those network operators and security agencies who aim to enhance user experience and security of home network as well as free Wi-Fi services. One type of such profiling is the extraction of mobile phone numbers. In traditional cellular networks, such as 3G and 4G, mobile phone number extraction can be achieved from the analysis of the authentication signaling. However, this method cannot be used in the broadband network environment, e.g., Wi-Fi. Operators and security agencies of Wi-Fi networks often apply manual statistics, telephone inquiries or user input for information. Unfortunately, those traditional methods are inefficient in practice. Moreover, authenticity cannot be guaranteed with the traditional methods. In this paper, we propose a smart method for mobile phone number extraction in smart home networks and systems. In particular, the proposed method is based on deep packet inspection of home broadband traffic. To improve the efficiency and accuracy of detection, we further propose a smart automated signature extraction method of mobile phone numbers from home network traffic. Our proposed method can achieve 86.2% accuracy in the real-life human-centered smart home network test.

Lit up and left dark: Failures of imagination in urban broadband networks:

Abstract: The design and deployment of urban broadband infrastructures inscribe particular imaginations of Internet access onto city streets. The different manifestations and locations of these networks, the...

Fiber-Wireless Fronthaul/Backhaul Network Architectures for 5G

Abstract: 5G-PHOS R &D project aims at architecting and evaluating 5G broadband networks for dense, ultra-dense and hotspot area use cases by capitalizing on existing wireless and optical technologies, while migrating from CPRI -based towards integrated Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) fronthaul/backhaul supporting mmWave mMIMO communications. This paper provides a revolutionary approach for the definition of the 5G-PHOS use cases by developing realistic usage/traffic scenarios for a real geographical area with known characteristics, taking into account specific 5G services mix. In addition, the paper presents network solutions to support the 5G-PHOS use cases.

Seamless Integration of a Fiber-THz Wireless-Fiber 2X2 MIMO Broadband Network

Abstract: For the first time, we experimentally demonstrate a 2x2 MIMO architecture to realize fiber-THz-fiber seamless integration using PDM-QPSK signals at 450GHz. The maximal bit rate is 18 Gb/s and BER below HD-FEC threshold of 3.8x10-3.

System and method providing network optimization for broadband networks

Abstract: A backhaul network comprises at least two of a distribution point, a splitter, an amplifier, a coupler and an optical network for use within the backhaul network. Predetermined locations are selected for the at least two of the distribution point, the splitter, the amplifier, the coupler and the optical network within the backhaul network based upon a constrained optimization process that reduces cost and improves backhaul network reliability. Each of the at least two of the distribution point, the splitter, the amplifier, the coupler and the optical network are located at one of the predetermined locations from the constrained optimization process.

Fibre to the countryside: A comparison of public and community initiatives in the UK

Abstract: Smart farming, e-health and e-commerce are just some of the multiple opportunities that digitisation offers to rural communities and businesses. Their ability though to participate in the digital economy is often compromised by a lack of high-speed connectivity. Despite the numerous initiatives launched over the years to promote broadband diffusion, such as BTOP in the US and BDUK in the UK, a large proportion of the rural population in the United States and the European Union (EU) are still unable to connect to fiber and 4G networks. As new measures in support of rural broadband have recently been announced by the US government and the EU, further research is needed to understand what business models and public policies are most likely to close the digital divide in rural areas. The evaluation of past initiatives can provide useful insights to enhance the effectiveness of future interventions. Drawing on research presented by Shaffer and Strover et al. at TPRC 2017, this paper further explores how community-led and public initiatives can contribute to promoting the adoption of broadband. Our analysis focuses on two projects deploying fixed broadband networks in the rural United Kingdom: Broadband for the Rural North (B4RN) and Connecting Cumbria. The former is a cooperative fiber-to-the-home network financed and built by local residents in the Northwest of England, while the latter is a public-private partnership between British Telecom and Cumbria County Council, providing fiber broadband in areas excluded from commercial deployments. These case studies exemplify how the combination of top-down and bottom-up initiatives enabled the UK to expand the coverage of superfast broadband (defined in the UK as being a download speed of at least 30 Mbit/s) from 22% to 66% of the rural premises between 2014 and 2017. Based on participant observation and interviews with multiple stakeholders, this paper explores the business models adopted by these initiatives and compares their outcomes in terms of broadband coverage and adoption. Despite achieving its coverage goals, Connecting Cumbria did not fully meet the expectations of rural communities, still unsatisfied with the speed available or even unable to access fast broadband. Some villages decided to join B4RN and subsequently leveraged their own skills and financial resources to build a community FTTH network covering every premise. In both cases, the management of expectations and the engagement with broadband users emerged as key success factors. These case studies offer unique insights into the performance of community-led initiatives and public-private partnerships, thereby contributing to the ongoing research and policy debate on the role of local communities and public authorities in broadband markets. By analysing the interplay between public sector, private suppliers and local communities, this research also provides useful recommendations for policymakers and practitioners dealing with the rollout of rural broadband. Furthermore, it contributes to the ongoing research on the adoption of innovation in peripheral areas, by exploring how digital skills develop and disseminate in rural communities.

Distributed Approach for Detecting Collusive Interest Flooding Attack on Named Data Networking

Abstract: Recently, network consumers use Internet for getting contents: videos, musics, photos, and other contents created by many producers Those contents accelerate the increasing traffic volumes For reducing the increasing traffic volume to keep stabilities of broadband network, realizing the concept of CCN (Contents Centric Networking) is strongly required The NDN (Named Data Networking) which is the most popular network architecture have been proposed to realize the concept of CCN However, it have been also reported that the NDN is vulnerable to CIFA (Collusive Interest Flooding Attack) In this paper, we propose a novel distributed algorithm for detecting CIFA for keep availabilities of NDN The results of computer simulations confirm that our proposal can detect and mitigate the effects of CIFA, effectively

Machine Learning for Waveform Spectral Analysis on Nuclear Explosion Signal and Performance of Broadband Vertical Component

Abstract: Machine learning of nuclear explosion signal waveform is core component to realize the characteristics of signal. The processing of waveform explosion signal is broadly used for analysis of real time explosion signal. The numerous wavelet filters are developed by spectral synthesis using machine learning python to realize the signal characteristics. Our paper aims to generate the performance of nuclear explosion signal and processing the waveform from seismic sensor by using Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT). CWT is also clearly to identify of spectral amplitudes and frequency-energy from component of signal seismic performed by Broadband Network in Indonesia. Finally, by machine learning python allows good time resolution for identified and performed of seismic signal from broadband which deployed in Indonesia.

Utility Decisions for QoE-QoS Driven Applications in Practical Mobile Broadband Networks

Abstract: This paper focuses on the design, experimental validation and evaluation of a utility based decision-making approach for wireless (mobile) broadband networks. We extend a utility function framework incorporating flow and user related parameters to be driven by both QoE, QoS parameters and utilize the (mobile) broadband infrastructure of the EU-project MONROE, in order to perform extensive realistic experiments, revealing the operation of the utility function design and quantifying its potentials. We utilize our decision-making approach in two QoE-QoS related applications, namely access network selection and load-balancing in wireless networks with multiple available network interface capabilities. Through experimentation and analysis we investigate the impact of various network aspects, such as mobility, network provider, etc., on access interface switching and relevant applications. Such results can be further exploited for improving the QoE in mobile broadband networks.

Energy Detection Approach for Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Systems

Abstract: Because a large number of licensed users have occasionally used their allocated bandwidth in recent years, efficient use of frequency band is a vital issue. While licensed users continue to use this bandwidth for publishing, unused bands can be allocated for reuse to provide broadband network services. These empty bands are described as white space and cover a large part of the bandwidth. It is possible to activate this great potential by cognitive radio technology. In this study, energy detection technique was used to detect unused bands. With this technique, it is determined which frequency band is suitable and there will be done appropriately the assignment of the second user.

Analytical Study of the Probability of Coverage in Hybrid Broadcast-Unicast Networks

Abstract: Linear services such as mobile TV are witnessing an increasing demand, creating challenges for conventional delivery methods in both broadcast and broadband networks. To overcome this problem, a hybrid delivery approach combining both networks has recently emerged. Using stochastic geometry and a Poisson point process distribution of the users and access points, this paper discusses a hybrid broadcast/unicast network model where an analytical approach was undertaken, deriving a new expression for the probability of coverage. The model is then used to assess the feasibility of the proposed hybrid scheme and then extended to numerically find the optimal operation point in terms of key design parameters including user density in the network.

Gateway Address Spoofing for Alternate Network Utilization

Abstract: Methods and systems for alternate network utilization are provided. Exemplary methods include: broadcasting by a hub an unsolicited announcement over a network to a plurality of devices coupled to a router, the unsolicited announcement being configured to cause at least some of the plurality of devices to store in a table a link-layer address of the hub as a link-layer address of the router; receiving by the hub a data packet from a device of the plurality of devices; and selectively directing by the hub the received packet to a first broadband network or a second broadband network using predetermined criteria.

Wireless technologies and policies for connecting rural areas in emerging countries: a case study in rural Peru

Abstract: Purpose This paper aims to compare the costs of deploying different wireless terrestrial broadband technologies in the Andes and Amazon Regions of Peru. These areas are representatives of different and challenging geographic regions throughout the globe that currently are severely underserved or unserved for vital broadband services necessary to bridge the “Digital Divide”. Design/methodology/approach The broadband technologies studied include Wi-Fi, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), long term evolution (LTE), TVWS and new stratospheric platforms (super-pressure balloons). This study conducts a technical analysis (design and simulation) of wireless broadband networks, and a bottom-up engineering cost analysis to estimate and compare the deployment and operating costs of the networks over a 10-year period. The analysis also identifies potential regulatory barriers to deployment associated with spectrum allocation licenses and overbooking requirements intended to improve quality of service. Findings Comparison of the capital and operating expenses of these options over a 10-year period finds that LTE and Wi-Fi can be the lowest cost alternatives, though significantly, stratospheric balloons have the lowest initial costs for the first few years and can factor as a low-cost broadband catalyst early in deployment. Finally, the lowest cost technology broadband roadmap for the 10-year period is presented, which includes using stratospheric balloons (carrying micro-LTE base stations) for the first years and deploying complementary terrestrial LTE networks for the rest of the 10-year period. Originality/value This study presents detailed technical and engineering cost analysis results of wireless access network deployments, including advanced wireless technologies and new unmanned aerial systems, to expand broadband services to rural areas in mountainous (Andes Region) and rainforest (Amazon Region) geographies to reduce the digital divide in emerging countries. Results aim to aid governments, regulators, internet service providers (incumbents and competitive) and content providers to assess current alternatives to expand broadband service in these rural areas.

On the Coexistence of Broadcast and Unicast Networks for the Transmission of Video Services Using Stochastic Geometry

Abstract: —Following the increasing growth in the demand on mobile TV, hybrid broadcast/broadband networks emerged as a suitable approach to overtake the challenges introduced by each network separately in order to enhance users' experience. This paper presents two possible scenarios for a hybrid, spatially separated, broadcast/broadband network to offer mobile TV linear services for the end users. Namely, the first scenario is based on shared spectrum access for both networks while the second one proposes a dedicated spectrum. Using a stochastic geometry approach, the paper derives analytical formulations for both the probability of coverage and ergodic capacity. These formulations are then used to optimize the hybrid network in terms of its key design parameters including the Broadcast (BC) coverage radii, the Broadband (BB) Base Stations' (BS) density, and user satisfaction given in terms of spectral capacity. The results have shown that an optimal BC radius maximizing the probability of coverage and capacity exists and it depends on the BS density of the BB network. Other design parameters have been provided and analyzed leading to an optimal network deployment. To the best of the author's knowledge, this paper presents a first reference work dealing with the optimization of the hybrid network with the coexistence of broadband and broadcast networks, from stochastic geometry perspective, taking into account the inter-cell interference.

Households’ valuation of new broadband networks: The impact of the perceived benefits of and access to e-services

Abstract: Purpose While governments have invested in broadband infrastructure to ensure universal access, researchers argue that infrastructure alone does not guarantee internet use. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of one such government initiative on households’ internet adoption and use. Design/methodology/approach The authors used data from 2002 to 2014, including two choice experiment surveys and broadband access and subscription data. Findings The results of Survey 1 show that urban households valued existing e-services more than rural households, indicating the importance of government investment in broadband access. The results of Survey 2 show that when a publicly funded new broadband network equalized access costs, rural households valued overall e-services more than urban households, highlighting the dual role of access to e-services and their perceived benefits. Importantly, these results suggest that rural households resist social change, which lowers their valuation of certain new publicly funded e-services. Research limitations/implications These findings extend the digital divide literature by providing empirical support for the applicability of the global village vs urban leadership framework in households’ valuations of e-services. Practical implications While the government has worked diligently to enhance access, it also needs to focus on the types of content and services and better communication with communities. Originality/value Recent research has focused on inequities in skills and usage, not internet access. Furthermore, the authors examined the inequality in benefits of access to meaningful e-services and better communication with beneficiaries.

Generalized Regression Neural Network: an Alternative Approach for Reliable Prognostic Analysis of Spatial Signal Power Loss in Cellular Broadband Networks

Abstract: The deployment of Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular systems started in Nigeria some fey years ago, with the aim of enhancing the existing cellular communication systems such as Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Global Systems for Mobile Communication (GSM) and HighSpeed Packet Access (HSPA). LTE is designed to provide improved cellular communication systems, like superior sector capacity and coverage, flexible bandwidth operation, enriched user experience with full mobility, enhanced end-user throughputs, compact user plane latency, robust multi-antenna support, equitable operating costs, and seamless integration with existing systems [1]. Accordingly, the LTE can provide up to 50 Mbps peak data rates for uplink and 100 Mbps for downlink, at 20 MHz bandwidth (BW)). In terms of spectral efficiency, it can provide up to 2.5 bps/Hz for uplink and 5 bps/ Hz for downlink [1, 2].LTE is also designed to provide better cell edge coverage performance and scalable BW capacity (between 1.25 and 20 MHz).

Urban traffic area coordinated control system based on edge computing nodes

Abstract: The invention provides an urban traffic area coordinated control system based on edge computing nodes, comprising a control center, a plurality of edge computing nodes, a plurality of IP-based terminal devices and a vehicle-mounted device; the control center is connected to the edge computing nodes and some terminal devices through a broadband network, and the edge computing nodes are connected tothe terminal devices and the vehicle-mounted device through the broadband network or the wireless network; the control center determines the edge calculation nodes in the area as the first-level computing nodes or the second-level computing nodes according to data information automatic generation or the manual setting of the operator; and the edge computing nodes obtain data of the relevant interrupt device or related computing nodes according to their own levels, and a control scheme is generated and executed. Each edge node can be changed into a high priority node among a plurality of edgenodes in an area according to actual conditions, and the low priority node performs certain permission modification on the scheme delivered by the high priority node according to the degree of association, which is flexible and saves computing power.

Virtual Broadband Communication Service Platform

Abstract: A software platform enables the delivery of open access broadband networks by providing a set of capabilities for the physical infrastructure provider, network provider, service providers, and end customers. In particular, the platform virtualizes the underlying network to the service provider so that the service provider is presented with a view that represents the portion of the network that is allocated to them. The platform also provides the capability for customers to dynamically select services and service providers that are available through the network.

Broadband network user identification method and device

Abstract: The invention provides a broadband network user identification method and device and relates to the field of big data The method includes extracting keyword information, including social network account information and/or domain name information, in broadband network DPI (Deep Packet Inspection) data; using mobile user identification information to match keyword information and determining sourceusers of broadband network DPI data, wherein the mobile user identification information includes user marks and user information and the user information includes social network account information of users and frequently used domain name information of the users According to the invention, source user identification of the broadband network DPI data is performed through matching of identical fields in the mobile DPI data and the broadband network DPI data, the source users of the broadband network DPI data can be determined comparatively accurately and accuracy of broadband DPI data sourceuser identification can be improved

Broadband speed measurement method and broadband speed measurement system

Abstract: The invention discloses a broadband speed measurement method and a broadband speed measurement system. The method comprises the following steps: a bridging gateway sends a broadband speed measurementrequest to a speed measurement platform, wherein the broadband speed measurement request includes a simulation account; the speed measurement platform acquires speed measurement node information according to the simulation account and sends the speed measurement node information to the bridging gateway; and the bridging gateway performs broadband speed measurement according to the speed measurement node information. According to the broadband speed measurement method and system disclosed by the invention, the broadband speed measurement is performed through the bridging gateway, and thus the needs of operators to measure the quality of broadband networks can be met.

The reliability and optimal data usage of BGAN Satellite Communications for Remote Outstations

Abstract: Telecommunications are a crucial element of smart grid technologies. Utility communication systems need to combine cost effectiveness with the need for high reliability. Due to its wide geographic coverage, satellite communication can be an appropriate alternative for power system automation in order to reach remote substations. This paper presents the experimental testing of Broadband Global Area Networks (BGAN) M2M technology between the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system running a primary front end processor (FEP) and the reclosers. Hardware test results for a number of different scenarios are discussed, compared and validated. The challenges for keeping the polls reliability at highest levels are also discussed.

Artificial intelligence and broadband development through the Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway

Abstract: This exploratory study aims to identify the main characteristics and relationships between artificial intelligence (AI) and broadband development in Asia and the Pacific. Broadband networks are the foundation and prerequisite for the development of AI. But what types of broadband networks would be conducive are not adequately discussed so far. Furthermore, in addition to broadband networks, other factors, such as income level, broadband quality, and investment, are expected to influence the uptake of AI in the region. The findings are synthesized into a set of policy recommendations at the end of the article, which highlights the need for regional cooperation through an initiative, such as the Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway (AP-IS).