Showing papers on "Campesterol published in 1981"
TL;DR: It appears that the structure of the side chain of a sterol is an important determinant for uptake and esterification, and probably absorption, in the small intestine.
Abstract: The commonly found plant sterols, beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol, differ structurally from cholesterol only in side chains but are absorbed in much smaller amounts than cholesterol Because intestinal mucosal cell uptake and esterification are important steps in absorption, these were studied in vivo after feeding the sterols and in vitro using everted sacs of rat small intestine The studies showed that campesterol uptake was significantly higher than that of beta-sitosterol, whereas stigmasterol uptake was extremely low throughout the intestine The total intestinal content of campesterol was 2223 mg/g or about 14% of the dose fed as compared with 1496 mg/g or 74% for beta-sitosterol and only 0392 mg/g or 23% for stigmasterol Intestinal tissue concentration of esterified campesterol was higher than that of beta-sitosterol, whereas that of esterified stigmasterol was extremely low The results suggest that campesterol absorption would be higher than that of beta-sitosterol; stigmasterol probably would not be absorbed in any significant amount because of its negligible uptake due to its inability to partition out of the mixed micelles It appears that the structure of the side chain of a sterol is an important determinant for uptake and esterification, and probably absorption, in the small intestine
42 citations
TL;DR: It was found that sitosterol and cholesterol supported a more rapid rate of growth than did campesterol and Larvae did not moult when they ingested 5-pregnen-3β-ol and spinasterol more efficiently than lathosterol.
33 citations
TL;DR: The structural elucidation of 1′,2′-dideacetylboronolide, 5,6-dihydro-6-(3′-acetoxy-1′, 2′-Dihydroxyheptyl)2-pyrone isolated from the leaves of Iboza riparia has been performed as discussed by the authors.
32 citations
TL;DR: Sterol levels in dandelion leaves were monitored over a period of 19 months; Sitosterol was the most abundant free sterol, followed by stigmasterol, then campesterol, and esters were present in greater quantities than were free forms, with 4,4-dimethyl sterol esters being the most most abundant type.
Abstract: Sterol levels in dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber) leaves were monitored over a period of 19 months. Sitosterol was the most abundant free sterol, followed by stigmasterol, then campesterol. Cholesterol could not be detected. With the exception of stigmasterol and campesterol, esters were present in greater quantities than were free forms, with 4,4-dimethyl sterol esters being the most abundant type. Glycosides occurred only sporadically. Free 4-demethyl sterols were maximal during the winter months; levels correlated negatively with sunshine and temperature, but proportions did not alter significantly. Sitosterol ester and cycloartenol ester (but not others) showed the opposite response, with levels correlating positively with sunshine and temperature. Relative amounts of 4-demethyl sterol esters remained reasonably constant, but those of cycloartenol ester and 24-methylene cycloartanol ester varied on an annual basis and were negatively correlated with each other.
31 citations
TL;DR: There is good evidence supporting the premise that the workers can make available sterols from their endogenous pools to the nutrient in the hive and that they can replenish these sterols with those from the artificial diet.
26 citations
TL;DR: Onitinoside and onysilin were identified by spectral and chemical methods as 4-O-glucosyl-6-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,5,7-tetramethylindan-1-one and 5-hydrox-6, 7-dimethoxyflavanone, respectively as discussed by the authors.
21 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded, based on the plasma sterol levels, that rhesus monkeys absorb campesterol and probably do not absorb sitosterol or stigmasterol in any significant amount; a finding similar in respect to cholesterol absorption in the high-responders.
Abstract: High- and low-responding rhesus monkeys were fed a semisynthetic high or low cholesterol diet with 2% plant sterols for 6 weeks to determine the absorbability of the plant sterols. No plant sterols were detected in the plasma of either high- or low-responding animals fed either high or low cholesterol diet containing low levels of plant sterols. After addition of 2% plant sterols to either of the diets, only campesterol was found in the plasma of all animals. The final plasma campesterol concentrations in the high-responders on high and low cholesterol diets containing high levels of plant sterols were 0.91 ± 0.14(SE)and 1.16 ± 0.27 mg/dl, respectively. Similar values in the low-responders were 0.51 ± 0.06 and 0.24 ± 0.16 mg/dl, respectively. Sitosterol was occasionally detected in trace amounts in some animals of both groups on either high or low cholesterol diet. Stigmasterol was not detected in the plasma of any animals. We conclude, based on the plasma sterol levels, that rhesus monkeys absorb campesterol and probably do not absorb sitosterol or stigmasterol in any significant amount. The study also shows that the high-responders absorb higher amounts of campesterol than the low-responders; a finding similar in respect to cholesterol absorption in the high-responders.
11 citations
10 citations
TL;DR: The fatty acid and the sterol composition of Moringa hildebrantii (Moringaceae), Brochoneura freneei (Myristicaceae) and Strychnos spinosa (Loganiaceae) seed oils were evaluated and myristic acid was the major component for B.freneei.
Abstract: The fatty acid and the sterol composition of Moringa hildebrantii (Moringaceae), Brochoneura freneei (Myristicaceae) and Strychnos spinosa (Loganiaceae) seed oils were evaluated. The seed oil content ranged from 5 to 64.5%. The oils have iodine values from 47 to 79. Investigation by gas liquid chromatography using Carbowax 20 M capillary column revealed fourteen fatty acids, mainly oleic (31-80%). Myristic acid was the major component for B. freneei (54%). Testing for the sterol fraction on an OV 17 column enabled nine sterols to be separated and quantitatively analyzed, mainly β-sitosterol (42-62%), stigmasterol (18-27%) and campesterol (10-24%).
8 citations
TL;DR: 14 compounds were detected in the unsaponifiable matter of pea oil by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) and 8 of them were identified as hydrocarbons C30, C32, squalene, α-tocopherol, cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol.
Abstract: 14 compounds were detected in the unsaponifiable matter of pea oil by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) and 8 of them were identified as hydrocarbons C30, C32, squalene, α-tocopherol, cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol. The predominant unsaponifiable fraction was β-sitosterol whereas the others were found in variable amounts. Two sterols were isolated by column chromatography. One of them was characterised as β-sitosterol by measuring the melting point, [α]D, and infrared spectra and those of its acetate. However, the other sterol was unidentified. The fatty acid contents in pea oil were determined quantitatively by GLC. They were present in variable amounts, whereas linoleic acid was the major one.
2 citations