Showing papers on "Ciliogenesis published in 1989"
TL;DR: Dissociated human nasal epithelial cells from nasal polyps cultured in Ham's F12-DME 1/1 supplemented with NU-serum 10%, choleratoxin, retinoic acid, and antibiotics resulted in normal and coordinated ciliary activity observed for more than 5 months.
Abstract: Dissociated human nasal epithelial cells from nasal polyps were cultured in Ham's F12-DME 1/1 supplemented with NU-serum 10%, choleratoxin (10 ng/ml), retinoic acid (10(-7) M) and antibiotics. In monolayer cultures, the epithelial cells grew to confluency on collagen gels, became squamous, and lost their cilia within 2-6 weeks. In suspension cultures, epithelial cell sheaths formed stable vesicles and aggregates. These maintained a respiratory-type morphology and normal ciliary activity for over 6 months. When deciliated, squamous cells from monolayer cultures were brought in suspension, a respiratory-type morphology with cilia reappeared. This in vitro ciliogenesis resulted in normal and coordinated ciliary activity observed for more than 5 months.
101 citations
TL;DR: Development of ciliated cells (CC) in the fetal human trachea was studied by light and electron microscopy in specimens obtained from 45 embryos or fetuses aged from 9 to 27 weeks of gestation (menstrual age).
Abstract: Development of ciliated cells (CC) in the fetal human trachea was studied by light and electron microscopy in specimens obtained from 45 embryos or fetuses aged from 9 to 27 weeks of gestation (menstrual age). Four stages could be recognized during tracheal development. Up to 11 weeks (stage I), the trachea was covered with a columnar undifferentiated epithelium with abundant glycogen, apical microvilli, and primary cilia. From 12 to 18-19 weeks (stage II), centriologenesis and secondary ciliogenesis were very active, and the percentage of CC and secretory cells (SC) progressively increased. From 20 to 22-23 weeks, the density of CC was higher but, in parallel, the percentage of SC decreased (stage III). Throughout this period, the different steps of ciliogenesis could be identified in the same field, and the ciliated borders consisted of ciliary shafts with a disorderly arrangement. Megacilia were identified. Some of the preciliated cells had both cilia and secretory granules in their apical cytoplasm. After 24 weeks (stage IV), the ciliated border was apparently mature, the rootlets lengthened, and the cilia were correctly orientated. Whatever the fetal age, the density of CC was significantly higher (P less than .01) in the dorsal trachea compared to the ventral trachea. There are many similarities between animal and human ciliogenesis, but in human fetuses, most of the ciliary differentiation occurs early, during the first half of gestation. As demonstrated in experimental models, SC likely play a major role in genesis of CC during the fetal development of the human trachea.
68 citations
TL;DR: The association of basal bodies with vesicles or with the plasma membrane appeared to be a necessary signal for in situ polymerization of axonemal doublets, and taxol induced polymerizing of numerous microtubules in the cytoplasm, especially in the apical part of the cell and in the Golgi area, which may prevent basal body migration.
Abstract: When induced by in vivo oestrogen stimulation, ciliogenesis continues in culture in vitro of quail oviduct implants. Ultrastructure of ciliogenic cells was compared after culture for 24 or 48 h in the presence or absence of 10(-5) M-taxol. Taxol, which promotes polymerization and stabilization of microtubules, disturbed ciliogenesis, but formation of basal bodies was unaffected by the drug. Conversely, their migration towards the apical surface seemed to be slowed down or blocked and axonemal doublets polymerized onto the distal end of cytoplasmic basal bodies. They elongated and often constituted a more or less complete axoneme, extending between organelles in various orientations. These axonemes, often abnormal, were not surrounded by a membrane, with the exception of the transitional or neck region between the basal body and axoneme. The formation of membrane in this area resulted from the binding of some vesicles to the anchoring fibres of the basal body. They fused in various numbers, occasionally forming a ring, at the site of the transitional region, and exhibited the characteristics of the ciliary necklace. The association of basal bodies with vesicles or with the plasma membrane appeared to be a necessary signal for in situ polymerization of axonemal doublets. In addition, taxol induced polymerization of numerous microtubules in the cytoplasm, especially in the apical part of the cell and in the Golgi area. This network of microtubules may prevent basal body migration.
41 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Human nasal epithelial cells, dissociated from nasal polyps, lost all their cilia when cultured as monolayers on 0.2% collagen gels in Ham's F12-DME 1/1, and were placed in a suspension culture system, and epithelial aggregates and vesicles formed.
Abstract: Human nasal epithelial cells, dissociated from nasal polyps, lost all their cilia when cultured as monolayers on 02% collagen gels in Ham's F12-DME 1/1, supplemented with NU-serum 10%, choleratoxin (10 ng/ml), retinoic acid (10(7) M) and antibiotics These deciliated epithelial cell sheaths were then placed in a suspension culture system, and epithelial aggregates and vesicles formed After 1 week in suspension, cilia progressively reappeared This in vitro ciliogenesis resulted in ultrastructurally normal cilia with an intercellularly coordinated beating pattern These epithelial aggregates and vesicles maintained this differentiated ciliary morphology and function for more than 6 months
39 citations
TL;DR: Oviduct implants from quails which were primarily stimulated in vivo by estrogen so as to induce ciliogenesis in some epithelial cells were cultured in vitro in the presence or absence of colchicine or nocodazolc.
23 citations
TL;DR: Early stages of centriole formation not previously described were encountered in the respiratory epithelium of the nasal cavity of 18 to 23-day-old rabbit embryos in an attempt to establish whether this process is identical in epithelial cells of a single species.
Abstract: Previous studies have shown that ciliogenesis in the epithelial cells of various species exhibits similarities as well as differences. In an attempt to establish whether this process is identical in epithelial cells of a single species, early stages of centriole formation not previously described were encountered. Ciliogenesis was investigated in the respiratory epithelium of the nasal cavity of 18 to 23-day-old rabbit embryos. The appearance of groups of deuterosomes and fibrous granules is followed by the radial formation of procentrioles around the deuterosomes and parent centrioles. The majority of the procentrioles, forming acentriolarly, occur in pairs, with their distal ends facing each other, between the deuterosomes. Subsequent growth of these procentrioles between deuterosomes in a group results in separating the deuterosomes from one another. The deuterosomes, however, still remain interconnected by means of the growing procentrioles. Accordingly, long chains and networks consisting of the above-mentioned structures are formed. After the procentrioles have attained a certain length, the chains and networks split into separate deuterosome-procentriole complexes. During these earlier stages of ciliogenesis fibrous granules are present, however, their function is yet to be determined.
14 citations
TL;DR: Ciliogenesis of the respiratory epithelium in the human cartilaginous trachea start during the 12th week of gestation and ciliary shafts are first seen under the scanning electron microscope during the 13th week.
Abstract: Ciliogenesis of the respiratory epithelium in the human cartilaginous trachea start during the 12th week of gestation. Ciliary shafts are first seen under the scanning electron microscope during the 13th week. Unlike its membranous counterpart, ciliary shafts appear all over the epithelial surface at almost the same time. Epithelial cells destined to become ciliated cells first develop numerous long and thin microvilli. A process of individual cell extrusion and proliferation of neuroepithelial bodies around the carinal angle precede ciliation in the respiratory epithelium of the cartilaginous trachea. Epithelial cell differentiation patterns in both the cartilaginous and membranous trachea are different. The mechanisms involved in modulating cell differentiation are currently under investigation.
12 citations
TL;DR: During ciliogenesis induced by estrogen, spectrin gradually appeared at the apex of the cells as the apical cytoskeleton differentiated and was detected in close contact with the lateral plasma membrane of mature ciliated cells and in stem epithelial cells in unstimulated oviduct.
Abstract: A protein that was immunologically related to the erythrocyte and brain alpha-240-subunit and to the brain beta-235-subunit of spectrin was characterized by immunoblotting and was detected by immunofluorescence in the apical part of ciliated cells from quail oviduct. After immunogold-labeling electron immunocytochemistry, spectrin was detected mainly in a fibrillar meshwork located between the proximal parts of the basal bodies. It was also observed to be in contact with the basal foot of basal bodies, but was not found to be associated with the apical plasma membrane. Cilia and microvilli were unlabeled. In contrast, spectrin was detected in close contact with the lateral plasma membrane of mature ciliated cells as well as in stem epithelial cells in unstimulated oviduct. During ciliogenesis induced by estrogen, spectrin gradually appeared at the apex of the cells as the apical cytoskeleton differentiated.
11 citations
TL;DR: A system in which disorders are distinguished at three distinct arrest levels of the ciliary development is suggested, in which hereditary factors may be important, whereas at levels 2 and 3 exogenous influences may cause these alterations too.
Abstract: If we want to interpret morphological alterations of the ciliated epithelium of the respiratory tract, we have to consider the physiological differentiation of ciliated cells and cilia. For this, we suggest a system in which disorders are distinguished at three distinct arrest levels of the ciliary development: (1) Disorders in the production of procentrioles (secondary centrioles) lead to partial or total aplasia of the ciliary apparatus. (2) Disorders in the development of kinetosomes from secondary centrioles result in a reduced number of cilia and malformations of ciliary components. (3) Disorders in the outgrowth of cilia result in morphological abnormalities of the peripheral ciliary shaft (i.e., immotile cilia syndrome). We suppose that at all three arrest levels hereditary factors may be important, whereas at levels 2 and 3 exogenous influences may cause these alterations too. Correlation between morphology and clinical status is made difficult by conditions of auxiliary mechanisms, like cough, wh...
10 citations
TL;DR: Congenital ciliary aplasia was demonstrated in two siblings with clinical history of primary ciliary dyskinesia and the predominance of immature mucous cells and the total absence of ciliated or preciliated cells in the respiratory epithelium.
Abstract: Summary Congenital cilliary aplasia was demonstrated in two siblings with clinical history of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Ultrastructural histochemistry of successive bronchial biopsies revealed the predominance of immature mucous cells and the total absence of ciliated or preciliated cells in the respiratory epithelium. This original disorder may represent a unique variant of primary ciliary dyskinesia with primitive disregulation of ciliogenesis.
9 citations
09 Nov 1989
TL;DR: An image processing procedure was applied to five successive image sequences of outgrowth cultures from human nasal polyps and indicates that this automatic and simple technique gives reproducible results and appears as a useful tool for pharmacological and ciliogenesis studies.
Abstract: An image processing procedure was applied to five successive image sequences of outgrowth cultures from human nasal polyps. The image resulting from the subtraction of two digitized successive images in which groups of cilia are moving pinpoints the initial and final positions of the cilia. The technique allows the detection and the determination of the culture area covered with cells having moving cilia. The results indicate that this automatic and simple technique gives reproducible results and appears as a useful tool for pharmacological and ciliogenesis studies. >