Showing papers on "Dental laboratory published in 2017"

Dental Environmental Noise Evaluation and Health Risk Model Construction to Dental Professionals

Abstract: Occupational noise is unavoidably produced from dental equipment, building facilities, and human voices in the dental environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of occupational noise exposure on the dental professionals' health condition. The psychoacoustics approach noise exposure assessment followed by the health risk assessment was carried on at the paediatric dentistry clinic and the dental laboratory in the Prince Philip Dental Hospital of Hong Kong. The A-weighted equivalent sound level, total loudness, and sharpness values were statistically significantly higher for the noise at the laboratory than that at the clinic. The degree of perceived influences and sharpness of noise were found to have the impacts on the dental professionals' working performance and health. Moreover, the risk of having a bad hearing state would a have 26% and 31% higher chance for a unit increment of the short-term and long-term impact scores, respectively. The dental professionals with the service length more than 10 years and the daily working hours of more than eight showed the highest risk to their hearing state. The worse the hearing state was, the worse the health state was found for the dental professionals. Also, the risk of dissatisfaction would be increased by 4.41 and 1.22 times for those who worked at the laboratory and a unit increment of the long-term impact score. The constructed health risk mode with the scientific and statistical evidence is hence important for the future noise management of environmental improvement.

Infection control knowledge and practice: A cross-sectional survey on dental laboratories in dental institutes of North India.

Abstract: Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of dental laboratory technicians regarding infection control and modes of infection control employed by them. Settings and Design: A self-assessment questionnaire-based survey was carried out among dental technicians to assess the knowledge and practice of infection control in dental laboratories. Materials and Methods: Survey instrument containing 16 questions were randomly distributed to 70 dental colleges of North India regarding knowledge of infection control methods and infection control practised in laboratories. Data were collected and analyzed. Results: The response showed that 30.76% of dental technicians receive 30–50 or more than 50 impressions in a week. About 96.15% of the technicians used a plastic bag to carry impressions. Twenty-five percent of the dental technicians were aware of infection control protocol. Fifty-five percent of the technicians received impressions while wearing gloves and 61.53% of the institutes had a separate receiving area. Nearly 71.15% of the technicians communicate with the doctor regarding the disinfection of impression received in the laboratory. Almost 30.76% of the dental technicians disinfect all the impressions and 67.30% technicians use immersion for disinfection of impressions. Only 38.46% responded that they immerse impressions for 10 min for disinfection. About 73.07% use gloves, 90.38% use mouth masks, 57.69% wear eye shields, and 88.46% wear aprons while working. Nearly 78.84% of the technicians received vaccination against hepatitis B virus. Almost 69.23% of the technicians change pumice slurry after regular intervals, and 75% do not add any disinfectant. Nearly 59.61% of technicians disinfect the prostheses before sending it to the clinic, and 42.30% disinfect them by immersion technique. About disposal of waste, 80.76% said that they dispose the waste properly. Conclusion: To summarize, most of the technicians were not aware of basic infection control protocols.

Survey on the use of CAD-CAM technology by UK and Irish dental technicians.

Abstract: Statement of the problem Digital workflows (CAD/CAM) have been introduced in dentistry during recent years. No published information exists on dental technicians' use and reporting of this technology.Purpose The aim of this cross sectional survey was to identify the extent digital technology has infiltrated the workplace and to investigate the factors affecting the use of CAD-CAM technology by dental laboratory technicians within Ireland and the UK.Materials and methods A web-based questionnaire was composed (Opinio, Object Planet Inc. Oslo, Norway) and distributed to UK and Irish dental technicians. Answers to all questions were anonymous and grouped such that general information was gathered initially, followed by branching of the survey into two sections depending on whether or not the respondent worked with CAD-CAM technology. Results were compiled and statistical analysis (Fisher's Exact test, SPSS, IBM, Armonk, New York, USA) was performed in order to investigate any correlation between various demographic variables and the answers provided.Results The survey was distributed to 760 UK technicians and 77 Irish technicians. The total number of completed surveys was 105, which yielded a total response rate of 14%. Most technicians reported using some form of CAD/CAM aspect in the workflow, and this was more significant for technicians working in large laboratories. Most training received was company-led. Large laboratories were also significantly correlated with less outsourcing of CAD/CAM work and a change in dental material use leading to the increase of zirconia and the decrease of noble alloys. Dental technicians did not report any significant change in working relationships and staffing as a result of CAD/CAM incorporation. High initial investment cost was the most common reason quoted from non-users, along with the lack of such technology in their working environment.

Pleural malignant mesothelioma in dental laboratory technicians: A case series.

Abstract: Asbestos was used in dentistry as a binder in periodontal dressings and as lining material for casting rings and crucible. However, until now, only one case of malignant mesothelioma with occupational exposure to asbestos in dental practice has been reported. We present 4 pleural mesotheliomas out of 5344 cases identified in Lombardy, Italy, in 2000-2014. Three men had been working as dental laboratory technicians, with asbestos exposure for 10, 34, and 4 years, and one woman had been helping her husband for 30 years in manufacturing dental prostheses. The men described the use of asbestos as a lining material for casting rings, while the woman was not able to confirm this use. We confirm the association of malignant mesothelioma with dental technician work. Dental technicians suffering from mesothelioma should be questioned about past occupational asbestos exposure.

Using Standardized Patients to Teach Complete Denture Procedures in Second Year of Dental School

Abstract: Second-year dental students are commonly instructed on the process of complete denture fabrication with a traditional didactic lecture and preclinical dental laboratory education model. The problem with this limited mode of instruction is that dental students often fail to understand the various chairside procedures required to fabricate a complete denture. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of standardized dental patients to enhance students' understanding of the procedures involved with each appointment in the complete denture process. The Midwestern University College of Dental Medicine-Arizona created an event using standardized patients in four simulated chairside dental appointments for complete denture instruction of second-year dental students. Each appointment simulated the various sequential chairside procedures required to fabricate complete dentures. Following the didactic and dental laboratory instruction and the standardized patient event, a survey was conducted requesting the students' response to six statements regarding their understanding of the denture fabrication process. Of the 110 students who participated in the instructional events, 107 responded to the survey (97% response rate). These students responded very favorably to the simulated appointments, with the majority agreeing or strongly agreeing that their best understanding of the complete denture process was obtained through the standardized patient experiences. The use of standardized patients in simulated denture fabrication appointments enhanced the educational experience of these students when added to the traditional didactic lecture and preclinical laboratory education format. The experience has since been incorporated into the school's second-year oral health science laboratory curriculum.

Analysis of the adverse events reported to the office of the clinical director at a dental school in Bogotá, Colombia

Abstract: Dentistry is interested in identifying and controlling adverse events, understood as involuntary injuries to the patient during dental care. The aim of this study was to analyze the adverse events reported to the Office of the Clinical Director at the School of Dentistry at Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (Colombia) during 2011-2012. It was an observational, descriptive study that evaluated 227 dental clinical records of patients who filed a complaint with the Office of the Clinical Director. Of these, 43 were adverse events and were used as the basis for this study. Of the 16,060 patients who received care during 2011 - 2012, 0.26% (43) filed a complaint involving an adverse event, of which 97.7 % were considered preventable. Most of these (76.18%, n= 32) occurred during clinical management of treatments in different specialties, 9.5% (4) were the result of deficient external dental laboratory quality, and 14.32% (6) were due to failure in document management, soft tissue injury, misdiagnosis and swallowing foreign objects. Of the patients involved, 65.2% (28) received care from postgraduate students, with the highest number of cases in the Oral Rehabilitation speciality. The occurrence of adverse events during dental care, indicates the need for information about their origin in order to establish protection barriers and prevent their incidence, particularly in the educational area under the student dental clinic service model.

The Allied Dental Professions: Executive Summary.

Abstract: This executive summary for Section 5 of the "Advancing Dental Education in the 21st Century" project addresses the current and future educational systems for dental assisting, dental hygiene, dental therapy, and dental laboratory technology. Nineteen experts prepared six background articles on the educational changes necessary for future roles and practices. The key issues addressed relate to delivery system changes, educational curricula, scopes of practice, regulatory measures, and the public's oral health. The major finding is that substantial reforms will be needed to adequately prepare allied oral health professionals for the changes anticipated in 2040. A reconsideration of current accreditation guidelines, more flexibility with scopes of practice, and an adherence to rigorous academic programs are essential elements for the future of these professions.

Open-Source Technologies and Workflows in Digital Dentistry

Abstract: The Medical Device Innovation Center (MDIC) at the National Cheng Kung University has developed a complete and professional digital dentistry design workflow with cutting-edge equipment and software. MDIC certified with ISO13485 can provide total solutions in digital dentistry. An “Intelligent Manufacturing Systems Center” (IMSC) has been established using dental open technologies toward providing digital dentistry training and restoration design services. This digital dental laboratory is able to control the entire digital process from digital impressions to the CAD/CAM creation of the restoration and model milling. An intraoral scanner is used to make digital impressions for 3D geometric models from the chair side or from traditional impressions. In the design phase, three different commercial software packages are considered for the design portion. After importing the digital impression STL data file, one or more of these packages are used to design the restoration. The design is then sent to a five-axis milling machine for production. The CNC machines are chosen for machining or milling of the prosthetics from various materials including wax, PMMA, zirconia, chromium cobalt, resin nano-ceramics, glass ceramics, lithium disilicate, silicate ceramics, and titanium. As a cloud base solution, these design packages allow a connection to a remote manufacturing site. Our R&D team built a web-based cloud solution that can be deployed to each pertinent location. All data from the design package is stored on a private cloud which is then automatically synced to the remote public cloud. Work orders from various sources are then processed by any remote technician. Through the above settings, we may produce several common digital dentistry products including crowns and bridges, veneers, inlays and onlays, temporary crowns, and virtual diagnostic wax-ups. This digital dentistry laboratory is also equipped to handle advanced clinical cases such as implant planning, digital smile design analysis and customized surgical guides, custom abutments, implant bridges and bar designs, and orthodontics. Digital animation is applied for patient education and communication. For academics and training, a comprehensive digital technology training program has been developed to help dentists and dental technicians.

Enhance the processing and management efficiency of Dental Laboratory by the strategy of Productivity 4.0

Abstract: Due to advances in medicine, the societies have become aging, which leads to the problem of missing teeth. Missing teeth negatively affects not only external appearance but also personal dietary habits. Therefore, it has become an important issue in dentistry to solve the problem of missing teeth. In Taiwan, dental prostheses for missing teeth are produced by dental technicians in dental laboratories. The traditional production of dental prostheses is labor consuming. But the need for human power in dental laboratories will not be satisfied in the future due to low human birth rate. Therefore, it is necessary to decrease the need for human power in this area by strategies of Productivity 4.0. In this study, we plan to improve the managing efficiency of traditional dental prosthesis production in dental laboratories. Firstly the material of denture and environmental parameters of lab will be gathered by the framework of Internet of Things (IoT). Then data mining will be used to improve the efficiency of inventory management. In this case, the concept of Productivity 4.0 can be successfully applied to the production of dental prostheses.

Lung Function Disturbance Based on Student Characteristic in Surabaya Dental Laboratory

Abstract: The dental technician program of Airlangga University teaches and trains aspiring dental technicians. During three years of study, students manufacture dental prostheses such as cobalt chromium coping and acrylic dentures and perform other procedures, such as crown and bridge restoration. However, the use of dental prostheses material might cause respiratory diseases, skin problems, and neurotoxicity. Few respiratory diseases have been reported related to the occupation of dental technician, and epidemiology studies have shown high prevalence of pneumoconiosis linked with exposure duration. Lung function disturbance severity in dental laboratories is affected by some factors, such as the characteristics of workers in such a setting. This study aims to investigate the lung function representation of students of the dental technician program of Airlangga University in relation to student characteristics in the dental laboratory. This study is an observational decriptive study. Data are obtained by using a questionnaire and a literature review, and lung physiological examination is conducted using spirometry. Examination data results are presented in the form of a ratio scale and analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Conclusion: No significant difference in lung function was observed between smokers and non-smokers and between mask-wearers and non-mask-wearers.

X-Dent Box Dust Collector: A Protection to Dental Technicians and Dental Students

Abstract: Following the frequent case of asthmatic and allergies from the dental laboratory technicians in Faculty of Dentistry, University Sains Islam Malaysia(USIM) has tried to find a solution to handle this problem. An air pollution index was taken in the dental laboratory of USIM and it revealed that the environment was polluted with small particle and dust generated from the trimming and polishing process of denture appliances. It showed that the dust pollution reading (PM 10 ) was 0.262mg/m 3 in the dental laboratory is higher than the Ashrae Standard 6.2 Indoor Air Quality Index (0.15mg/m 3 ). The X-Dent Box, a dust collector box, was invented and used in the laboratory to help protect the dental technicians which has reduced the index reading to 0.096mg/m 3 and reduced the noise level from 83dBA to 69dBA. The box has been proved to give better protection to the dental technicians thus reduced the Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) as it reduced the IAQ index.

Communicating with Dental Laboratories

Abstract: Many times dentists receive restorations from the laboratory only to find that they did not meet the expectations of the dentist or patient. Unfortunately, these problems and many others are seen all too often, due to poor communication between the dentist and dental laboratory. This chapter will provide the information the dentist needs to communicate to the laboratory technicians in order to fabricate high-quality, consistent dental restorations. These protocols were developed through years of hands-on experience plus many interviews with dentists and technicians. Dentists and dental technicians share a unique relationship in that we are totally dependent on each other for success. Though we are trained and practice apart from each other, this chapter will illustrate how common tools can be used to facilitate this relationship.

Collaboration Patterns and Processes Between Dentists and Dental Laboratories When Planning and Fabricating Implant-Supported Restorations.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION The success of implant-supported restorations is dependent on proper treatment planning, effective communication within the clinical team, and the use of appropriate methods and materials in the dental laboratory. The objective of this study was to determine collaboration trends between dentists and laboratories and to assess the common methods and materials involved in fabricating implant-supported restorations. METHODS Questionnaires were distributed to dental laboratories and technicians. Seventy questionnaires were answered and were included in the data analyses. RESULTS Most of the impressions (87%) were taken using an individual custom-made open tray. In 83% of impressions, screw-retained transfer units were used, and in 61% of cases, the units were splinted. Bite registration was recorded in 91% of the cases. In 80% of cases, articulator setup was done. When matching the shade of a restoration in the anterior, 57% of the technicians do so in collaboration with the dentist, and 39% match the shade independently. Type of restoration and abutment selection were done mainly by the technicians. Abutment selection was reported to be carried out by 72% of the technicians. CONCLUSIONS Generally, dentists and technicians follow the standards recommended in the contemporary literature, especially, in major procedures such as impression taking, bite registration, and articulator setup. However, principal decisions, such as abutment and color shade are done mainly by technicians.

Analysis on the pattern of using the service of removable partial denture making in a dental laboratory in surabaya

Abstract: The making of removable denture is performed by a dental laboratory. To facilitate the identification, according to Kennedy classification, classes are divided onto groups, the Kennedy class I, II, III and IV. To suit with the needs of the dental laboratory tasks commonly done, priority are necessary for common cases and should to be taught to students of Dental Health Technology Diploma. In Surabaya, research of various cases of removable partial denture with the various Kennedy classifications has never been done before. This study was to analyze the pattern of service for the removable partial denture manufacture in dental laboratory at Surabaya (2011 – 2013). The research is an observatory analytic. The population is all dental laboratories located around the campus of the Faculty of Dentistry Airlangga University Surabaya. The sample was the whole population is willing to become respondents. Sampling by total sampling. The method of collecting data using secondary data from a dental laboratory in Surabaya from 2011 until 2013. The note is cases removable denture according to the classification of Kennedy that Kennedy Class I, II, III and IV. Also of note kinds of materials used to make the denture base that is heat cured acrylic resins, thermoplastic resins and metals coherent. The data is a compilation table charting the frequency until needed, then analyzed using cross tabulation. Mostly denture type is flexible type and the least is metal framework. Most cases by classification Kennedy is followed by class II class III and class II and more recently is the fourth. In conclusion, in 2011 and 2013 the manufacture of removable partial dentures according to the classification of Kennedy Class III is the most common in both the upper arch and lower jaw, followed by Class II, Class I and Class IV. In 2012 which is the highest grade III followed by class II, class IV and class I. The denture type most used is a flexible denture, followed acrylic denture and the last is the metal framework.

An In-Vitro Comparative Study of the Properties of Dental Stone Models Disinfected by Incorporation Technique and Immersion Technique

Abstract: INTRODUCTION : “Dimensional accuracy is crucial for the quality of prosthodontic treatment. Disinfection is critical for a healthy clinical practice”. Gypsum products are not directly used restorative material in dentistry, but in spite of that they still considered as a very important adjunctive materials that utilized in a wide range of dental laboratory procedures (Hishmati RH et al 2002). The cast (working model) is a replica of teeth and/or oral structures on which an indirect restoration or an appliance is fabricated, so that it must have a reasonable properties in order to withstand the different laboratory steps without being distorted or broken (Hersek N et al 2002). The increase of awareness of the dangers of cross contamination with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during dental procedures is having a growing impact on attitudes towards infection control in the dental clinics and the dental laboratories. The potential route of transmission from patients to the dental technician is through contaminated impressions, models and prostheses. Gypsum products are widely used as materials for the preparation of models in dentistry. Dental casts are transferred several times between the dental laboratory and the dental office. The potential contamination of these models by infectious human pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, HIV and HBV has led to the development of more rigorous infection control procedures. It has been established that bacteria and viruses can be transmitted from patients to the gypsum models during the fabrication of the prosthesis, if the plaster is poured into contaminated impressions or through contamination of bite blocks and trial bases (Mitchell et al, 1997). The usual solution to this problem has been to rinse the impressions under running water and to place them in an appropriate disinfection solution (ADA Council on Scientific Affairs and Council on Dental Practice, 1996). This should be done upon removal of the impression from the patient’s mouth or in the dental laboratory prior to casting the model. However, two problems may arise. One is the risk that infectious organisms may still contaminate the gypsum models during the subsequent dental procedures such as jaw registration and the try-in procedures. The second is the dimensional changes that may arise due to the impressions being soaked in the disinfectants (Adobo et al, 1999, Tan et al, 1993, Hall, Munoza- Viveros and, Naylor, 2004 and Martin, Martin and Jedynakiewicz, 2007). The disinfection of plaster models can be carried out through spraying or immersion in a disinfecting solution (Adabo GL et al 1999, Ivanovski 1995) . However, immersion of casts has been related by some authors as being deleterious to the final quality of the cast (Mansfield SM and White JM 1991) as spraying them with disinfecting solutions has not presented any harmful effects to the surfaces of the plaster casts (Stern 1991). However, due to the porosity of plaster, spraying may not disinfect the whole surface of the cast efficiently. Since the disinfection process must be effective without causing alterations on the final quality of the casts, the incorporation of disinfecting solutions in plaster has been regarded as a promising alternative (Matheus GL et al 2009). AIM OF THE STUDY : The Purpose of this study is to analyse and compare the anti-microbial properties and Compressive strength 1. Dental stone models after incorporating disinfectant solution during stone models preparation and 2. Dental stone models after immersion in disinfectant solution Disinfection : This is the process by which virtually all recognized pathogenic micro-organisms are eliminated, but not essentially all microbial forms, on inanimate objects (Bergman, 1989). Disinfection is generally less lethal to pathogenic organisms compared to sterilization. The disinfection procedure leads to a reduction in the level of microbial contamination and covers, depending on the disinfectant used and the treatment time, a broad range of activity that may extend from sterility at one extreme to a minimal reduction in microbial contamination at the other extreme (ADA Council on Scientific Affairs and Council on Dental Practice, 1996). Sterilization : According to the Glossary of Prosthodontic terms sterilization is the process of completely eliminating microbial viability Dental casts : According to the Glossary of Prosthodontic terms a dental cast is a positive life size reproduction of a part of the oral cavity formed when a material is poured into a matrix or impression of the desired form. MATERIALS : STANDARDIZED GYPSUM MODELS - STONE (TYPE III). DISINFECTANTS - 2% glutaraldehyde. METHADOLOGY : GROUP I- Evaluation of Reduction in Microbial Contamination - 1. Making of the primary impression with Alginate followed by intentional contamination 2. Preparation of cast models with Dental stone. 3. Disinfection of Dental stone cast models with 2% Glutaraldehyde by two methods a. GROUP I A- Incorporation technique, b. GROUP I B- Immersion technique. 4. Microbial study of both GROUP I A and GROUP I B disinfected Dental stone cast models. GROUP II - Evaluation of Compressive Strength : 1. Preparation of Dental stone specimens. 2.. Disinfection of Dental stone specimens with 2% Glutaraldehyde by two methods. GROUP II A- Incorporation technique. GROUP II B- Immersion technique. GROUP II C- Control group. 3.. Testing the Dental stone specimen for dry Compressive strength. 4.. Statistical analysis and comparison of two disinfection techniques. 5.. Results. CONCLUSION : The results in a nutshell within the limitations of this study can be stated as follows. Incorporation of 2% Glutaraldehyde during type III Gypsum product model preparation achieved higher level of disinfection with favourable dry Compressive strength when compared to 10 minutes of Immersion of type III Gypsum model. Therefore 2% Glutaraldehyde solution can be recommended in use for Incorporation disinfection of Dental stone.

Efficacy of a Checklist for Office-Laboratory Communication: A Clinical Study on Quality Outcomes for Single Crowns.

Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a structured communication protocol between dentists and dental laboratory technicians. Materials and Methods: A total of 112 single metal-ceramic crowns, fabricated by four different dentist-dental technician pairs, were evaluated at the clinical try-in appointment. Subsequently, each professional pair produced another 112 crowns using a checklist. Results: The scores showed a statistically significant improvement in clinical outcomes with the use of a checklist by reducing adjustment times for contact area, fit, and occlusion and number of appointments. Conclusion: The use of a checklist improved crown quality

Potential and influence of Industrie 4.0 in oral implantology products and their production for patient, dentist and dental laboratory.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to identify on the one hand the influence of Industrie 4.0 to the horizontal value creation in the process chain patient-dentist and the process chain dentist-dental laboratory. On the other hand, the effect of Industrie 4.0 to the vertical value creation in the manufacturing process chain of implants, abutments and crowns in a dental laboratory are explained. In addition, the potential of the Industrie 4.0 in CAx-pre-processing and post-processing of each process chain is presented. Furthermore, the Human-Machine-Interaction in the modeling of oral implantology products and their individual medical service functional upgrade to a Smart Health Product is discussed [1]. Based on these results, new business models between the correlation patient, dentist and dental laboratory are generated.

Fixed and removable prosthodontics ethical sensitivity scale-farpess

Abstract: In Prosthodontic services the dentist is responsible for all the phases of prosthesis fabrication. This includes all steps from mouth preparation to prosthesis fabrication, insertion and even follow up, despite the fact that some phases related to prosthesis fabrication have to be done by technicians in the dental laboratory. But many studies have shown that the dentists are often negligent to even the basic principles of Prosthesis construction such as impressions and master cast sent to the laboratory for the fabrication of removable prosthesis without any prior mouth preparation and adequately explained written job description. This cross sectional study was designed to develop a valid and reliable tool to evaluate ethical sensitivity of the freshly graduated dentists regarding fixed and removable Prosthodontics at the completion of bachelor's of dental surgery program. This scale has been developed on the basis of seven step approach to develop an instrument. FARPESS is based on questions related to three domains of ethics i.e. Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-malaficence and Professionalism. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Angoff’s method were used to determine the validity and cutt-off passing Score respectively. Whereas, we analyzed reliability of this instrument through Cronbach's alpha. Mean age of the participants was 23.6 with age range 7. About 94.8% freshly graduated dentists were found sensitive compared to 5.4% insensitive or partially sensitive to the ethical issues involved in the provision of fixed and removable prosthesis. Also, there was insignificant relation between gender and ethical sensitivity of the freshly graduated dentists. FARPESS is a valid and reliable tool to measure dental ethical sensitivity in Prosthodontics.