Showing papers on "Diaspora published in 1991"

African American English in the diaspora: Evidence from old-line Nova Scotians

Abstract: In this article, we describe a new research project on African Nova Scotian English (ANSE), a variety spoken by descendants of African American slaves who immigrated to Nova Scotia in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Subsequent segregation from surrounding populations has created a situation favoring retention of the vernacular, in conjunction with Standard English. In addition to providing the first systematic linguistic documentation of ANSE, we detail the characteristics of the Canadian scenario that make it an ideal test of the creole-origins and divergence hypotheses: in particular, that, more clearly than other African American English varieties that evolved independently in the diaspora, the Canadian situation has featured no creole influence. This fact can effectively date the occurrence of any creole-like features in contemporary ANSE (and, by extension, other varieties of African American Vernacular English [AAVE]) to (at least) the late 18th century, an important time-depth characterization. We then present the results of a series of quantitative analyses of linguistically diagnostic features and compare them to those obtained for (1) another transplanted variety of African American English (Samana English) and (2) a prototype variety (the Ex-slave Recordings), and note the striking similarities among them. The results militate in favor of a genetic relationship among ANSE and its counterparts as a common precursor of contemporary varieties, thereby providing the first methodologically consistent cross-linguistic comparison of three distinct vestiges of “early” African American English, and contributing missing links in the history and development of AAVE.

A changeless land: Continuity and change in Philippine politics

Abstract: Since 1492, the distinct cultures, peoples, and languages of four continents have met in the Caribbean and intermingled in wave after wave of post-Columbian encounters, with foods and their styles of preparation being among the most consumable of the converging cultural elements. This book traces the pathways of migrants and travellers and the mixing of their cultures in the Caribbean from the Atlantic slave trade to the modern tourism economy. As an object of cultural exchange and global trade, food offers an intriguing window into this world. The many topics covered in the book include foodways, Atlantic history, the slave trade, the importance of sugar, the place of food in African-derived religion, resistance, sexuality and the Caribbean kitchen, contemporary Caribbean identity, and the politics of the new globalisation. The author draws on archival sources and European written descriptions to reconstruct African foodways in the diaspora and places them in the context of archaeology and oral traditions, performance arts, ritual, proverbs, folktales, and the children's song game "Congotay." Enriching the presentation are sixteen recipes located in special boxes throughout the book.

Morality, Rationality and Efficiency: New Perspectives on Socio-economics

Abstract: Since 1492, the distinct cultures, peoples, and languages of four continents have met in the Caribbean and intermingled in wave after wave of post-Columbian encounters, with foods and their styles of preparation being among the most consumable of the converging cultural elements. This book traces the pathways of migrants and travellers and the mixing of their cultures in the Caribbean from the Atlantic slave trade to the modern tourism economy. As an object of cultural exchange and global trade, food offers an intriguing window into this world. The many topics covered in the book include foodways, Atlantic history, the slave trade, the importance of sugar, the place of food in African-derived religion, resistance, sexuality and the Caribbean kitchen, contemporary Caribbean identity, and the politics of the new globalisation. The author draws on archival sources and European written descriptions to reconstruct African foodways in the diaspora and places them in the context of archaeology and oral traditions, performance arts, ritual, proverbs, folktales, and the children's song game "Congotay." Enriching the presentation are sixteen recipes located in special boxes throughout the book.

Diasporan Intervention in International Affairs: Irish America as a Case Study

Abstract: This examination of the contemporary influence of the Irish diaspora in the United States will not be a portrait of the Irish-American community; by its nature, a portrait would be static. Instead,...

Governments-in-exile in contemporary world politics

Abstract: Introduction: Governments in Exile and the age of Transnationalism Yossi Shain 1. Namibia: The Road to Independence and the Problem of Succession of States Lynn Berat 2. Government in Exile versus Government in Insurgency: The case of Angola John Marcum 3. State and Government in Palestinian Political Thought, 1918-1990 Muhammad Muslih 4. Afghanistan: Political Exiles in Search of a State Barnett R. Rubin 5. The Khmer Way of Exile: Lessons from Three Indochinese Wars Craig Etcheson 6. Loyalty and Recognition under Challenge: The Yugoslav Case 1941-1945 Paula Franklin Lytle 7. Sovereignty without Government: Baltic Diplomatic and Consular Representation, 1940-1990 Romnald J. Misiunas 8. The Government of the Spanish Republic in Exile (1939-1977) Javier Tussell and Alicia Alted 9. Exile Governments in the Armenian Polity KIachig Tololyan 10. The New Snow Lion: The Tibetan Government in Exile in India Rebecca R. French 11. The Transcendental Irish Republic, The Dream of Diaspora J. Bowyer Bell 12. Governments in Exile and International Legitimation Yossi Shain 13. Governments in Exile: Notes Towards a Theory of Formation and Operation Michael Reisman.

Aspects of the South Asian diaspora

Abstract: The papers in this volume, which derive from an international conference, explore the spread of various aspects of South Asian life overseas: social and cultural development, religious belief and practice, political economy and ethnicity.

Utopia, Dystopia, Diaspora

Abstract: (1991). Utopia, Dystopia, Diaspora. Journal of the American Planning Association: Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 344-347.

"The End of the Earth" (Acts 1:8) *

Abstract: As has long been recognized, the book of Acts was organized to depict, among other things, the geographical progress of the Christian message from Jerusalem through Judea and Samaria to the lands of Syria, Asia Minor, Greece and Rome. In this respect it presents the expansion of the Christian witness from the center of Judaism to the center of the Roman Empire, from the mission to Palestinian Jews to the mission to Jews and Gentiles of the diaspora. Luke, the author of Acts and sometime companion and co-worker of Paul, devotes almost all of the latter part of his work to the Pauline mission. But he pictures Paul's ministry as arising from his teachings in the synagogue and, consequently, as directed to Jews as well as to Gentiles. Even in the last chapter of Acts Luke represents the Apostle's

Max Yergan in South Africa: From Evangelical Pan-Africanist to Revolutionary Socialist

Abstract: Max Yergan was one of the most controversial foreign-born leaders ever associated with modern South Africa. From 1921 to 1936 he was the only black representative of the North American branch of the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) permitted to work in the South African field. Yergan's South African service radicalized the young missionary, culminating in his resignation from the YMCA in 1936. The next decade of Yergan's life was devoted to left-wing activism. In 1948 however, ostensibly disillusioned by the onset of the Cold War, Yergan abandoned leftist activism in favor of ultraconservativism. South Africa loomed large in each of these transformations. This article is concerned with Yergan's shift from evangelical Protestantism to revolutionary socialism, highlighting the critical role that residence in South Africa played in his early political evolution. It also brings into focus the broader subject of Afro-American linkages with Black South Africans, making special reference to the advent and larger significance of Black American YMCA work among Africans. Max Yergan was born in Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1892, one of several sons of a literate black seamstress named Lizzie Yeargan. While much of his early life is obscure, he seems to have been influenced by the philosophical trends of African Redemption and Ethiopianism which swept many religious communities within the African Diaspora during the last quarter of the 19th century.

Ploughshares Into Swords?: Israelis and Jews in the Shadow of the Intifada

Abstract: This book traces Israel's transformation from a pioneering collective into its troubled present state. It examines the effect that the Palestinian problem has had on the Israeli state and its society. The book explores the nature of Zionist radicalism and shows how it was strengthened by the opposition to the Camp David accord, and the polemics that have raged over the territory captured during the Six-Day War. The book also analyzes the relationship between Israel and Diaspora, the effect on this of the Intifada and the Israeli reaction to it, and the possible consequences in this area of Yasser Arafat's support of Saddam Hussein.

International Issues and Domestic Ethnic Relations: African Americans, American Jews, and the Israel-South Africa Debate

Abstract: Although it is recognized that world political and economic conditions influence emigration patterns, sociologists give little attention to how events in homelands affect relations between immigrants once they become established ethnic groups in third countries. Long-established ethnic groups, like new immigrant or sojourner groups, may sustain or develop economic, political, or other social ties to their ancestral lands. These ties are often manifested in the identities, activities, and ideologies of diaspora groups, and especially in politics. For example, ethnic Americans attempt to influence United States foreign policy by directing their efforts "toward the fruition of national hopes, retaining or seeking the return of national territories, winning and preserving national independence, and cessation of persecution and oppression of minority ethnic and religious groups in other nations" (Gerson 1977, pp. 54-55). There are documented cases wherein homeland politics have affected African Americans' relations with other US ethnic groups. Italy's 1935 invasion of Ethiopia, for instance, reveals the African American identification with Africa, the Italian American identification with Italy, and the significant impact that international events can have on US ethnic relations. African Americans responded to Italy's invasion by establishing fund-raising organizations to support Ethiopia, lobbying in national and international bodies as well as other countries, holding mass protest rallies, performing military exploits for Ethiopia and training its air force, and volunteering to serve in the Ethiopian military (Franklin 1967, Shack 1974; Challenor 1977,

The Gulf between us : the Gulf War and beyond

Abstract: During the main action of the Gulf War the public often felt assaulted by a mass of undigested impressions, images and opinions from the media and the military. It was almost as if a war film were in progress rather than a very harsh reality. Now after the hostilities, experts in their fields offer more analyses of events preceding, during and after the Gulf War and provide readers with facts and perspectives. These essays enable the reader to consider the enormous consequences of military action and to draw their own conclusions about the real nature of war and the potential for peace on our planet. It includes articles by Grace Paley on the American Peace Movement; Alexander Cockburn on the western world's relationship with Saddam Hussein prior to the war and the USA's will towards war throughout the months of phoney diplomacy; Abbas Chiblak on the Palestinian Diaspora; Faleh 'Abd el Jabbar, on the dynamic of internal repression and external aggression of Iraq; Dr Fadia Faqir on Arab women's experiences of the war; Admiral Gene La Roche and Admiral Carroll, from the Washington Centre for Defence Information' on the fighting of the most technological war; Edward Pearce on the media devastation; Barbara Rogers on the hijacking of the United Nations; Dr Lesley Morrison, a key member of the Medical Campaign, on the UK government's secret medical provision for the war and Dr Roger Owen's epilogue on the Middle East after the Gulf War.

Israeli Democracy at the Crossroads: A Crisis of Non‐governability

Abstract: THROUGHOUT THIS CENTURY, THE STRUGGLE FOR AND consolidation of Jewish territorial sovereignty in the ancient Land of Israel has been characterized by two complementary processes: waves of Jewish immigration from throughout the diaspora, and a succession of violent conflicts with Israel's Arab neighbours. Both of those processes were at work during 1990 — 91 when Israel became reluctantly involved in the Gulf war while also having to cope with an influx of hundreds of thousands of Jews seeking escape from the crumbling Soviet empire, as well as a few thousand emigrants from Ethiopia and from South America. For many Israelis, the surrealistic spectacle of immigrants being greeted at Ben-Gurion Airport with gas-masks designed to protect them from the Iraqi Scud missiles raining down on major Israeli cities, represented highly dramatic evidence of the fulfilment of Zionism's aspirations.

The Early Black Diaspora in the Americas: The First Century After Columbus

Abstract: The black person is no longer the forgotten early resident of the Americas During the last twenty years, much scholarly attention has been devoted to the Africans' role in the conquest, colo nization, and cultural evolution of these colonial societies While the broad con tours of the African experiences in this hemisphere are known, however, many aspects either remain unstudied or are im perfectly understood Yet, the recent at tention being paid to this dimension of the early American history will deepen our understanding of the black societies' development, their ethos, the changing relationships between elites and non-elites, and race relations It is worthwhile to recall that not