Showing papers on "Fire retardant published in 1978"

Influence of the fire retardant ammonium polyphosphate on the thermal degradation of poly(methyl methacrylate)

Abstract: The thermal degradation of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), a commercial fire retardant, and its blends with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) have been studied by thermal volatilization analysis (TVA) and the degradation products identified. APP degrades under vacuum in three stages. Initially it condenses to an ultraphosphate ( 370°C). In the presence of APP, the normal depolymerization of PMMA to monomer competes with degradation reactions which form high-boiling chain fragments, methanol, carbon monoxide, dimethyl-ether, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, and char. These additional reactions are initiated principally by the PPA. Intramolecular cyclization occurs, resulting in the formation of anhydride, and ester groups are eliminated, methanol and carbon monoxide being evolved. Further degradation of the modified polymer leads to the other volatile products and the char.

Another flame retardant, tris-(1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and its expected metabolites are mutagens

Abstract: A flame retardant used in children's sleepwear, tris-(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (Fyrol FR2) is a mutagen in the Salmonella-mammalian tissue homogenate test after it has been activated by mouse or rat liver homogenate. The expected enzymatic hydrolysis product, 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, is similarly a mutagen after activation by liver homogenate. A proposed metabolite of the flame retardant, 1,3-dichloro-2-propanone, is a potent mutagen in the absence of such activation. A flame retardant with similar structure, tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate (tris-BP), was shown previously to be a mutagen, to cause sterility in animals, to be a carcinogen, and to be absorbed through human skin. These and other flame retardants have characteristic nuclear magnetic resonance spectra that can be used to determine which flame retardant is present in commercially purchased sleepwear. Sleepwear treated with tris-BP, Fyrol FR2, and other chemical additives was being sold in late 1977.

Method of sealing interior mine surface with a fire retardant hydrophilic polyurethane foam and resulting product

Abstract: A fire-retarding polyurethane foam is applied to the interior surfaces of a mine such as mine shafts, entries and tunnels. The coating is applied by spraying a mixture of foam-forming ingredients including a hydrophilic polyoxyalkylene urethane prepolymer and a large amount of an aqueous slurry containing a phosphorous compound, alumina trihydrate and a char-forming material such as starch or wood cellulose. The foam coating acts as a protective sealant, and it can also be applied on other surfaces where insulation and fire retardancy are desired.

Flame retardant compositions and method of preparing same

Abstract: The disclosure relates to compositions for imparting flame retardant properties to various substrates including cellulosic materials, such as paper, cotton and wood, and plastics, such as fabrics made from synthetic polymeric fibers. Aqueous-based compositions of the invention particularly suited to application to cellulosic substrates are multi-component compositions comprising a surfactant, a combination of ammonium iodide, ammonium bromide, ammonium monophosphate, ammonium sulphate, borax, boric acid, sodium silicate and a moistening agent. Another aqueous-based system especially adapted to the treatment of fabrics made from a combination of cellulosic and synthetic fibers comprises a surfactant, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, tripropylene glycol, sodium metaborate, chlorinated paraffin hydrocarbon, ammonium diphosphate, ammonium lauryl sulphate, ammonium iodide and other ingredients. An aqueous-based composition comprising an acrylic polymer emulsion base is also disclosed as a flame retardant paint or enamel. Finally, a flame retardant composition having a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) paste base is described for use in providing polymeric materials with flame retardant properties.

Intumescent fire retardant coating compositions

Abstract: Improved aqueous intumescent fire retardant coating compositions comprising: (A) a carbonific; (B) a film-forming binder; and (C) a substantially water-insoluble phosphorus-containing material having at least one P-O-P linkage; wherein (A), (B) and (C) constitute from about 20 to about 90 percent by weight of the total composition, the improvement wherein said composition further comprises a viscosity stabilizing amount of an organic chelating agent, which agent is different from components (A), (B) or (C).

Semi-durable, water repellant, fire resistant intumescent process

Abstract: A process for imparting an intumescent, water repellent, fire retardant fsh to fabrics comprising applying to the fabric an aqueous dispersion and drying same.

Localized radiation grafting of flame retardants to polyethylene terephthalate. II. Vinyl phosphonates

Abstract: Six vinyl phosphonates have been synthesized and evaluated as grafts on poly(ethylene terephthalate) for their flame retardance properties. Diethylvinyl phosphate was used as a model for phosphorus-containing flame retardants in developing the methodology for localizing flame retardants either on the surface of the filament or uniformly throughout it. Scanning election microscopy (SEM)-X-ray microprobe techniques were used in the verification of the location of the flame retardant in the filament. The flame retardance efficiency of poly(diethyl vinyl phosphonate) was then correlated with its location in the filament. Other grafted phosphorus-containing flame retardants showed a range of efficiencies that depended not only upon the location of the graft within the filament but also upon the %P in the compound. The wide variations in flame ratardance efficiencies of copolymers and terpolymers were attributed to large variations in the melt viscosity of the different grafted materials. The grafts showed only small changes in tenacity and large increases in elongation.

Melamine cyanurate as a flame retardant agent

Abstract: A flameproof resin composition comprising the admixture of 3 to 30 wt. % of an adduct of 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4,6-trihydroxy-1,3,5-triazine and/or a tautomer thereof with a linear polyester.

Fire retardant compositions

Abstract: Fire retardant generally non-caking compositions of intimately intermixed ammonium phosphate, e.g. mono- and/or diammonium phosphate; sodium tetraborate containing molecularly bound water, e.g. the decahydrate, borax; and fractured finely ground solid powder particles of soda-containing silicate glass which have a high and irregular surface area and an active dry moisture absorbent surface condition for maintaining the particles of ammonium phosphate and sodium tetraborate in moisture protected disposition and for inhibiting the tendency of such particles to adhere to one another; the three components having an average particle size below about 4 mesh, the ammonium phosphate and sodium tetraborate being present in a combined predominant amount effective for imparting an active fire retarding property to cellulosic materials, and the resulting admixture being substantially dry and free flowing with the individual particles thereof in substantially uniform and non-caking distribution; Corresponding combinations of such compositions with fibers of cellulosic material forming composite fire retardant products in which the three components are in substantially uniform distribution throughout the cellulosic material and in intimate association with the corresponding fibers thereof, and particularly loose fill structural products in which the individual particles of glass, borax and phosphate are disposed in situ in entwined relation with the adjacent cellulosic fibers; and Methods of preparing such composition in the substantial absence of moisture and of autogenous mixing heat, and in turn methods of preparing such composite fire retardant products.

Fire- and flame-retardant composition

Abstract: An inorganic composition for use as a fire- and flame-retardant additive to cellulose fiber thermal insulation, consisting essentially of 10 to 25 parts by weight of alumina trihydrate, 20 to 35 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 20 to 35 parts by weight of borax, 10 to 20 parts by weight of boric acid, up to 25 parts by weight of nepheline syenite, and up to 2 parts by weight of soda ash. Loadings of 12% to 18% by weight of the additive, based on the weight of the insulation, provide fire- and flame-retardant characteristics, non-corrosiveness, smoke suppression, and moisture absorption values within the limits prescribed by federal specificatons. The composition is also effective in mold inhibition and vermin control, and has relatively low density.

Fire-retardant agent for treating cellulose insulation, method of preparing the agent, and method of fabricating fire-retardant cellulose insulation

Abstract: The invention relates to a chemical agent for treating cellulose insulation and which consists of borax, ammonium sulphate, aluminum sulphate, soda ash, anhydrous silica gel and diammonium phosphate and method of fabricating the same, and a cellulosic insulation containing the aforesaid chemical agent.

Flame retardant alkylene-alkyl acrylate copolymer composition

Abstract: A flame retardant alkylene-alkyl acrylate copolymer composition comprising alkylene-alkyl acrylate copolymer, a halogenated flame retardant additive, and at least one of calcium or magnesium oxide, carbonate, hydroxide, or sulfate

Intumescent flame retardant polyolefin compositions

Abstract: Polyolefin compositions comprising a polyolefin and a flame retarding amount of the pentate salt of an amino-s-triazine are intumescent and self-extinguishing and non-dripping.

Fire retardant insulation

Abstract: A flame retardant thermal insulation material comprising a dry, shredded cellulosic material, such as newsprint, which is coated with a dry phosphorous-containing, flame retardant composition The composition is one which is capable of decomposing near the ignition temperature of the shredded paper, which is between 120 degrees and Celsius and 250 degrees Celsius and preferably includes a plurality of compounds which decompose at different temperatures spaced within this range to provide the stagewise release of combustion inhibiting agents The composition can be a single compound such as calcium phosphate but preferably is a combination of similar compounds such as (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , CaH 4 (PO 4 ) 2 , CaHPO 4 and triple super phosphate Further, the phosphorous composition is preferably combined with urea Elemental sulfur powder may be included with any of the previous compositions as a smoke retardant The paper and flame retardant composition are maintained in the dry solid state during processing, application and use The insulation is manufactured by shredding the paper and thoroughly mixing it with the finely ground, powdered flame retardant composition to intimately coat the paper with the flame retardant powder The shredded, coated paper may be bagged for later use as poured or blown in insulation or it may be filled into elongated plastic envelopes to form insulative batting Air may be evacuated from the bags or envelopes

Flame retardant heat-curable silicone compositions containing ceric hydrate

Abstract: A silicone composition cures to a flame retardant silicone elastomer by heating The composition contains 100 parts by weight of vinyl-containing polydiorganosiloxane fluid with a viscosity of 02 to 30 Pa s at 25° C, an organohydrogensiloxane in an amount sufficient to provide from 12 to 3 silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms for every silicon-bonded vinyl group in the composition, from 5 to 100 parts by weight of reinforcing silica filler, a platinum catalyst providing at least 1 part by weight of platinum for every one million parts by weight of polydiorganosiloxane fluid, and from 01 to 3 parts of ceric hydrate The flame retardant silicone composition is useful for potting, encapsulating, molding and extruding processes

Urethane-modified isocyanurate foams having improved insulating and flame retardant properties

Abstract: The incorporation of chloro-alkanol moieties into a urethane-modified isocyanurate foam has been found to improve the insulating properties of the foam as well as improve the flame-retardant properties thereof.

Flame-retardant additive for foamed polystyrene

Abstract: A flame-retarding additive for foamed polystyrene is composed of 40 to 56 weight percent of halogenated hydrocarbon, 9 to 15 weight percent of antimony oxide, 14 to 22 weight percent of zinc borate, and 16 to 28 weight percent of hydrated alumina.

Fire retardant composition and cables coated therewith

Abstract: A self-extinguishing fire-protective composition is disclosed. The composition includes a water-based resinous emulsion, organically bound halogen, clay and a low temperature fiber such as glass or organic fibers.

Flame retardant polymer composition

Abstract: Resin compositions excellent in both flame retardation and weather durability, comprising (1) a styrene resin, (2) a halogen-containing flame retarder such as decabromodiphenyl ether and (3) an inorganic hydrate compound such as diatomaceous earth or a magnesium compound such as magnesium hydroxide and oxide.

Fire-retardant resin composition

Abstract: A fire-retardant resin composition comprising (A) an aromatic copolyester derived from (1) a mixture of terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid or the functional derivatives thereof and (2) a bisphenol or the functional derivatives thereof, (B) a polyamide, (C) a polyalkylene phenylene ester or a polyalkylene phenylene ester ether and (D) an aromatic halogen compound The resin composition has superior moldability, and molded articles prepared from the resin composition have superior chemical properties, thermal stability, mechanical properties and fire retardancy The resin composition may additionally contain (E) a fire-retardant assistant

Fire-resistant composite wood structure particularly adapted for use in fire doors

Abstract: A composite wood material, specially adapted for use as part of a door with a long fire rating, comprising a board material made of wood chips and fire-retardant chemicals and one or more sheets of material of pressed wood fibers with a fire retardant added thereto, designed to optimize resistance to penetration by fire, increase screw holding ability, resist splitting and minimize cost.

Flame-retardant polycarbonate compositions

Abstract: Flame-retardant polycarbonate compositions containing a pentaerythritol diphosphonate or diphosphate. A halogenated organic compound having at least about 30% halogen may also be present.

Flame retardant thermoplastic compositions

Abstract: A flame retardant thermoplastic composition comprising an organic sulfonate flame retardant additive in admixture with a composition selected from the group comprising a polyarylsulfone, a polyarylethersulfone, a polyphenylsulfide, blends of a polyarylethersulfone and a polyarylsulfone, blends of a polyarylethersulfone and a polyphenylsulfide, blends of a polyarylsulfone and a polyphenylsulfide, blends of a polyarylenecarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), blends of a polyarylenecarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and a polyarylsulfone, blends of a polyarylenecarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and a polyarylethersulfone, blends of a polyarylenecarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and a polyphenylsulfide, and blends of a polyarylenecarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), together with two or more compounds selected from the group comprising polyarylsulfones, polyarylethersulfones and polyphenylsulfides The composition may additionally contain an organic halogen-containing flame retardant additive

Flame retardant polycarbonate polyblends

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a halogen-containing, copolycarbonate blend having improved critical thickness and flammability properties comprising an aromatic copolycarbonate comprising the reaction product of an aromatic diphenol, an aromatic thiodiphenol and a carbonic acid derivative, such as phosgene or carbonyl bromide, blended with an effective amount of a halogen-containing compound. In a preferred embodiment, the copolycarbonate blend also contains small amounts of a perfluoro sulfonic or carboxylic acid salt.

Fire retardant resin compositions and articles formed thereof

Abstract: Reinforced synthetic resin compositions are provided having 25 to 90% by weight of synthetic resin, and the balance (75 to 10% by weight) of reinforcing fillers comprising: (1) 0 to 150 parts by weight of epsom salt, (2) 0 to 150 parts by weight of hydrated borax, and/or (3) 0 to 20 parts by weight of glass spheres, so long as at least one of the two components identified in (1) and (2) are used. The compositions may be used as coatings or for molded articles. They do not require use of aluminum trihydrate, or silica flour particles, or other known fillers having fire retardant properties. Yet, the compositions of the invention are found to possess heretofore unknown properties of fire retardancy, ablation, and smoke absorbency.

Novel Isocyanurate Foams Containing No Flame Retardant Additives

Abstract: these chemicals [4, 5] . The toxicity of the gases generated during the combustion of cellular polymer containing these flame retaidant additives in a real fire situation, however, are now known [6-8]. It is reasonable to assume that cellular plastics insulation used in building construction which do not contain halogen or phosphorus additives should generate less noxious gases during combustion. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to describe a significant technical advancement toward the development of improved isocyanurate foam insulation. These urethane modified isocyanurate foams contain no added flame suppressing agents. The absence of flame retardants permits the preparation of isocyanurate foams with improved thermal stabilities, lower smoke values and friabilities while still meeting model building code requirements of less than 751 flame spreads and less than 4501 smoke densities when tested in accordance with the ASTM E-84 Steiner tunnel.