Showing papers on "Imaging technology published in 1997"
TL;DR: The role of PET in relation to other tumor imaging modalities will be discussed, and the reported results in the literature will be reviewed, in predicting the future of PET, technical improvements of other Imaging modalities need to be dealt with.
209 citations
TL;DR: Direct digital imaging may be as efficient as film-based imaging in clinical dentistry and certainly has great potential, especially with respect to improvement of diagnostic quality and automated image analysis.
160 citations
Journal Article•
Hoag1
TL;DR: The actual use of these powerful new tools has been propelled most recently by the results of several clinical trials that have changed the approach to patients with carotid occlusive disease, thus greatly expanding the need for neurovascular imaging.
Abstract: Studying the cervicocranial vasculature in a noninvasive fashion has been a major focus of imaging technology for some time. Over the past two decades, a number of new imaging techniques have been developed and applied to this purpose. Some, like intravenous digital subtraction angiography, have failed to meet the test of utility despite their feasibility. By the mid-1990s, however, at least three methods of noninvasive imaging have been refined to the degree that they now rival conventional intraarterial angiography in accuracy (at least in limited segments of the anatomy). Magnetic resonance (MR) angiography, Doppler sonography, and, most recently, computed tomographic (CT) angiography are now robust techniques. MR angiography and Doppler sonography have already achieved wide popularity, while the growth of CT angiography has been limited by the relatively slow introduction of slip-ring CT technology, its dependence on intravenous bolus injection of iodinated contrast material, and the preexisting presence of two formidable rivals in the field. The actual use of these powerful new tools has been propelled most recently by the results of several clinical trials that have changed the approach to patients with carotid occlusive disease, thus greatly expanding the need for neurovascular imaging.
38 citations
TL;DR: Virtual endoscopy is a diagnostic technique in which a three-dimensional imaging technology CT scan, MRI scan, ultrasound is used to create a computer-generated representation of a specific patient's anatomy or organ, and then the virtual organ is "flown through, giving the same visual impression and image as if the corresponding real organ had a video or fiberoptic endoscopic procedure performed".
Abstract: Virtual endoscopy is a diagnostic technique in which a three-dimensional imaging technology CT scan, MRI scan, ultrasound is used to create a computer-generated representation of a specific patient's anatomy or organ, and then the virtual organ is “flown through,” giving the same visual impression and image as if the corresponding real organ had a video or fiberoptic endoscopic procedure performed. The potential is to provide a computer diagnosis to replace an endoscopic procedure, not only for conventional endoscopy such as bronchoscopy, colonoscopy, sinusoscopy, or hysteroscopy, but also for areas where traditional endoscopy is not possible, such as the inner ear, spleen, lymphatic tissues. With sophisticated signal processing and computational analysis, it may be possible in the future to perform a “numerical biopsy,” that is, make a tissue diagnosis based upon spectral or other information contained in the images.
21 citations
TL;DR: The current status of orthopedic imaging in the areas of acute trauma, stress injuries, osteonecrosis, arthropathies, tumors, and interventional imaging is reviewed.
20 citations
TL;DR: Indications for using radiography, bone densitometry, nuclear medicine, ultrasound, CT scanning, and MR imaging are discussed in this article.
Abstract: Technologic advances in medical imaging have given physicians caring for children with arthritis a greater opportunity to detect abnormality early in the course of a disease and better methods for monitoring chronic changes. 42,47 The present focus is on using imaging technology to improve the sensitivity of diagnoses initially and with flare-ups. Additionally, physicians have a specific interest in using imaging to assess changes reflecting the success of therapy. Imaging may provide the clinician with information that will help to determine the duration of therapy. Finally, imaging is still key to assessing the complications resulting from chronic disease so that corrective intervention can be undertaken. Before reviewing each imaging modality's contribution to the evaluation of childhood arthritis, it is important to consider an overview of imaging from a historic perspective. Three decades ago, when imaging consisted of plain films and arthrography, imaging was only able to identify anatomic changes of a chronic nature. Plain films were obtained to rule out other pathologic conditions when children were being evaluated for rheumatoid-type symptoms. The first opportunity to assess arthritis from a physiologic standpoint came with the availability of radionuclide tracers for multiphase skeletal imaging. Ultrasound generated few applications until high frequency transducers improved the resolution of soft tissues. As experience with musculoskeletal ultrasound increases, this technique is now being applied to evaluate joint components. The cross-sectional modalities of CT and MR imaging afforded the opportunity for multiplanar imaging. MR imaging has had a greater impact than CT because of its ability to image soft tissue and cartilage. Contrast-enhanced MR imaging affords an additional dimension that provides physiologic information. The usefulness of new imaging techniques ultimately relates to their sensitivity for detecting and quantifying the body's inflammatory response and their ability to differentiate different forms of childhood arthritis from other pathologic conditions. Differential diagnosis exists at two levels. First is the identification of conditions that should be managed by physicians other than the rheumatologist. Fractures, avascular necrosis, osteonecrosis, infectious arthritis, and malignancy come to mind. Second is the diagnosis of the specific rheumatologic condition after nonrheumatologic disorders are excluded. Ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), lupus, and Lyme disease are but a few considerations from a long list. Imaging serves, like the laboratory, to augment information obtained by history and physical examination. This review is organized by modality. The focus is on the musculoskeletal system. Although the systemic nature of childhood arthritis is well recognized, this discussion does not include the assessment of the lungs, heart, abdominal organs, and such, that may be affected primarily or secondary to therapy.
14 citations
TL;DR: Although the system has less spatial resolution than screen-film technology, the strength of postacquisition image processing to enhance pathology and view obscured anatomy makes CR imaging attractive to technologists and radiologists.
12 citations
TL;DR: The software and hardware for a new, patent pending, 'floating 3-D, off-the-screen- experience' display technology, which has the potential to become the next standard for home and arcade video games, computers, corporate presentations, Internet/Intranet viewing, and television.
Abstract: Floating Images, Inc has developed the software and hardware for a new, patent pending, 'floating 3-D, off-the-screen- experience' display technology This technology has the potential to become the next standard for home and arcade video games, computers, corporate presentations, Internet/Intranet viewing, and television Current '3-D graphics' technologies are actually flat on screen Floating Images TM technology actually produce images at different depths from any display, such as CRT and LCD, for television, computer, projection, and other formats In addition, unlike stereoscopic 3-D imaging, no glasses, headgear, or other viewing aids are used And, unlike current autostereoscopic imaging technologies, there is virtually no restriction on where viewers can sit to view the images, with no 'bad' or 'dead' zones, flipping, or pseudoscopy In addition to providing traditional depth cues such as perspective and background image occlusion, the new technology also provides both horizontal and vertical binocular parallax (the ability to look around foreground objects to see previously hidden background objects, with each eye seeing a different view at all times) and accommodation (the need to re-focus one's eyes when shifting attention from a near object to a distant object) which coincides with convergence (the need to re-aim one's eyes when shifting attention from a near object to a distant object) Since accommodation coincides with convergence, viewing these images doesn't produce headaches, fatigue, or eye-strain, regardless of how long they are viewed (unlike stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays) The imagery (video or computer generated) must either be formatted for the Floating Images TM platform when written or existing software can be re-formatted without much difficulty
11 citations
TL;DR: The evolution of digital imaging reflects the fast development of information technology and will depend much more on the proper function of the interrelated systems in the network.
Abstract: For most applications, conventional film based methods may be replaced by digital imaging. This trend is influenced technically by the advent of more efficient detectors, improved image processing methods, faster computers, brighter and sharper displays and larger systems for image storage and archiving. The evolution of digital imaging reflects the fast development of information technology. Work in radiology departments will change. Information systems will organize the registration and administration of patient data, the scheduling of examinations, management of work flow and the generation of reports. Images will be taken without film cassettes and will be directly displayed on monitors for reporting. Digital imaging provides greater flexibility in processing, transmitting and displaying images. A larger dynamic range and improved contrast resolution lead to a consistently high image quality. This must lead to new rules of diagnosing images and quality assurance. Interfaces are interrelating imaging modalities, displays, the administration and the archive system to each other. The resulting net has to be safe, stable and fault-tolerant. Digital imaging systems will depend much more on the proper function of the interrelated systems in the network.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the most fundamental seismic imaging challenge is to match the play with the appropriate imaging technology for a given play, and there is no simple scheme for building a catalog of imaging methods useful for the various play types is impossible because of ongoing technical developments and shifting economics.
Abstract: Seismic imaging problems come in all shapes and sizes, from stratigraphic plays, where the objective is to map subtle features in flat geology by focusing the seismic wavelet, to structural plays, where the aim is to see clearly below geology with significant structural variations. Likewise, seismic imaging methods come in all shapes and sizes, from NMO/stack to multicomponent anisotropic prestack depth migration. For a given play, the most fundamental seismic imaging challenge is to match the play with the appropriate imaging technology. Is there a simple scheme for doing this? Building a catalog of imaging methods useful for the various play types is impossible because of ongoing technical developments and shifting economics.
TL;DR: The need to invest in early scientific assessment of a new imaging technology in order to prevent wasted aquisition and utilisation later on is highlighted.
Abstract: Factors contributing to the growth and diffusion of new imaging technologies are discussed. The benefits derived from implementing and using new technologies are carefully evaluated against the associated costs to both patients and service providers. The need to invest in early scientific assessment of a new imaging technology in order to prevent wasted aquisition and utilisation later on is highlighted. Such assessment might involve evaluating the ability of the technology to improve diagnosis, positively impact on treatment plans and, above all, improve health.
TL;DR: Floating Images, Inc. has developed the software and hardware for anew, patent pending, 'floating 3D, off-the- screen-experience' display technology which has the potential to become the next standard for home and arcade video games, computers, corporate presentations, Internet/Intranet viewing, and television.
Abstract: Floating Images, Inc. has developed the software and hardware for anew, patent pending, 'floating 3D, off-the- screen-experience' display technology. This technology has the potential to become the next standard for home and arcade video games, computers, corporate presentations, Internet/Intranet viewing, and television. Current '3D Graphics' technologies are actually flat on screen. Floating Images technology actually produce images at different depths from any display, such as CRT and LCD, for television, computer, projection, and other formats. In addition, unlike stereoscopic 3D imaging, no glasses, headgear, or other viewing aids are used. And, unlike current autostereoscopic imaging technologies, there is virtually no restriction on where viewers can sit to view the images, with no 'bad' or 'dead' zones, flipping, or pseudoscopy. In addition to providing traditional depth cues such as perspective and background image occlusion, the new technology also provides both horizontal and vertical binocular parallax and accommodation which coincides with convergence. Since accommodation coincides with convergence, viewing these images doesn't produce headaches, fatigue, or eye-strain, regardless of how long they are viewed. The imagery must either be formatted for the Floating Images platform when written, or existing software can be reformatted without much difficult. The optical hardware system can be made to accommodate virtually any projection system to produce Floating Images for the Boardroom, video arcade, stage shows, or the classroom.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
TL;DR: With newer advances in imaging technology, evaluation of the acutely traumatized knee has evolved and it has become standard practice to use magnetic resonance imaging, especially when internal knee derangement is suspected.
Abstract: With newer advances in imaging technology, evaluation of the acutely traumatized knee has evolved. After the initial plain radiographic examination, it has become standard practice to use magnetic resonance imaging, especially when internal knee derangement is suspected. This review discusses imaging of common bony knee injuries.
TL;DR: An objective was to objectively compare the 3-D images created by the 'glasses-free' monitor, the passive glasses3-D system, and a 2-D monitor, and to subjectively assess the quality of each screen as perceived by the operator.
Abstract: New video imaging technologies have significantly improved the development of minimally invasive surgical and laparoscopic procedures. The next step in this evolution, the advent of more complex procedures performed under minimally invasive conditions, demands a greater need for accurate depth perception; further improvements in imaging technology as well as instrumentation are needed for the surgeon to perform difficult manipulative tasks with the same skill, accuracy, and speed as in open surgery. Two different techniques are currently available to produce 3-dimensional image: the 'with glasses' technique and the 'glasses-free' technique. The purpose of this experiment is twofold. First, to objectively compare the 3-D images created by the 'glasses-free' monitor, the passive glasses 3-D system, and a 2-D monitor. The second objective was to subjectively assess the quality of each screen as perceived by the operator.