Showing papers on "Kochen–Specker theorem published in 1995"
TL;DR: A state-specific variant of the Kochen-Specker contradiction requires only 13 vectors, a remarkably low number for 8-dimensional Hilbert spaces as mentioned in this paper, and these vectors can be combined into 30 distinct projection operators (14 of rank 2, and 16 of rank 1).
85 citations
TL;DR: A trick discovered by Vaidman, Aharanov, and Albert permitting retrodiction of the outcomes of more measurements than one would naively have thought possible is extended to a case in which the retrodicted observables are forbidden all to have values by a Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem.
Abstract: A trick discovered by Vaidman, Aharanov, and Albert permitting retrodiction of the outcomes of more measurements than one would naively have thought possible is extended to a case in which the retrodicted observables are forbidden all to have values by a Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem. A rather peculiar analysis shows that an even better trick that retrodicts the outcomes of more informative measurements of these same observables is impossible.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple realism of possessed values may be retained in the face of Kochen and Specker's theorem, and the authors argue that this view applied to Bohm's ontological interpretation of quantum theory provides a good picture of the unremarkable nature of spin.
Abstract: One way to characterize dispositions is to take them to be reducible to categorical properties plus experimental arrangements. We argue that this view applied to Bohm 's ontological interpretation of quantum theory provides a good picture of the unremarkable nature of spin in that interpretation, and so explains how a simple realism of possessed values may be retained in the face of Kochen and Specker's theorem. With this in mind we discuss Redhead's influential analysis of Kochen and Specker's theorem which does nor appear to allow for the above view.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a proof of Bell's theorem involving a pair of nonrelativistic spin -1 2 particles in a singlet state -was presented and several constraints were derived for the existence of reliable experiments.
25 citations
TL;DR: Bayesian complex probability theory is shown to be consistent with Bell's theorem and with other recent limitations on local realistic theories which agree with the predictions of quantum mechanics as discussed by the authors, which is consistent with the results of quantum physics.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the EPR criterion is extended to include quantities predicted almost with certainty, and Bell's theorem is demonstrated on these new premises, without the requirements of ideal efficiencies and zero background.
Abstract: First, the demonstration of Bell's theorem, i.e., of the nonlocal character of quantum theory, is spelled out using the EPR criterion of reality as premises and a gedankenexperiment involving two particles. Then, the EPR criterion is extended to include quantities predicted almostwith certainty, and Bell's theorem is demonstrated on these new premises. The same experiment is used but in conditions that become possible in real life, without the requirements of ideal efficiencies and zero background. Very high efficiencies and low background are needed, but these requirements may be met in the future.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine a feasible experimental test in order to discriminate between non-contextual hidden-variables and some probabilistic predictions of quantum mechanics, in the light of the Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem.
Abstract: In the light of the Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem, we examine a feasible experimental test in order to discriminate between non-contextual hidden-variables and some probabilistic predictions of quantum mechanics.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a systematic formulation of some recent results concerning the algebraic demonstration of the two major no-hidden-variables theorems for N spin-1/2 particles.
Abstract: In this paper we present a systematic formulation of some recent results concerning the algebraic demonstration of the two major no-hidden-variables theorems for N spin-1/2 particles. We derive explicitly the GHZ states involved and their associated eigenvalues. These eigenvalues turn out to be undefined for N=∞, this fact providing a new proof showing that the nonlocality argument breaks down in the limit of a truly infinite number of particles.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an approach to quantum physics (QP) is proposed that is characterized by the attempt to give up the verificationist theory of truth underlying the standard interpretation of QP.
Abstract: An approach to quantum physics (QP) is proposed that is characterized by the attempt to give up the verificationist theory of truth underlying the standard interpretation of QP. As a first step, anobservatively minimal language L is constructed that is endowed with a Tarskian truth theory. Then, a set of axioms is stated by means of L that hold both in classical physics and in QP, and the further language Le of all properties is constructed. The concepts ofmeaning andtestability do not collapse in L and Le, hence quantum logic is interpreted as a theory of testability in QP, and QP turns out to be semantically incomplete. Furthermore, semantic and pragmatic compatibility of physical properties are distinguished in Le, and the concepts of testability and conjoint testability of statements are introduced. In this context some known quantum paradoxes can be avoided, and a new general principle (MGP) characterizes the truth mode of empirical physical laws. MGP invalidates the Bell theorem and, presumably, the Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem, and introduces apragmatic contextuality in QP in place of thesemantic contextuality that should occur because of these theorems.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors formulate and answer some questions concerning maximal structures of determinate quantum propositions, i.e., structures of propositions that can be taken as having definite (but perhaps unknown) truth values for a given quantum state.
Abstract: I formulate and answer some questions concerning maximal structures of ‘determinate’ quantum propositions, i.e., maximal structures of propositions that can be taken as having definite (but perhaps unknown) truth values for a given quantum state. The basic constraint on such structures is the Kochen and Specker ‘no-go’ hidden-variables theorem, which demonstrates that no value assignment to certain finite sets of observables can preserve the functional relations between commuting observables. The problem I want to consider is how large we can take the set of determinate observables without violating the functional relationship constraint. I show how to construct maximal determinate sublattices of quantum propositions that are unique, subject to certain constraints, and I comment on the relevance of this ‘go’ theorem for the interpretation of quantum mechanics.
2 citations
[...]
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: In the early 1950s, a physics student in Northern Ireland of unusual critical ability noticed a puzzling situation as discussed by the authors, and he had read about von Neumann's "impossibility proof" in a popular book.
Abstract: In the early 1950s, a physics student in Northern Ireland of unusual critical ability noticed a puzzling situation. Einstein, the student knew, had claimed quantum mechanics gave an inadequate account of atoms, and he had read about von Neumann’s “impossibility proof” in a popular book.94 But then was not one of these geniuses wrong?