Showing papers on "Linguistic turn published in 2021"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make sense of calls for International Relations (IR) to "turn" and argue that although the turns bring about (or resuscitate) ambitious philosophical, ontological, and epistemological questions to challenge what is deemed to constitute the "mainstream" of IR, their impact is more likely to be felt at the "margins" of the discipline.
Abstract: In the past two decades, calls for International Relations (IR) to ‘turn’ have multiplied. Having reflected on Philosophy's own linguistic turn in the 1980s and 1990s, IR appears today in the midst of taking – almost simultaneously – a range of different turns, from the aesthetic to the affective, from the historical to the practice, from the new material to the queer. This paper seeks to make sense of this puzzling development. Building on Bourdieu's sociology of science, we argue that although the turns ostensibly bring about (or resuscitate) ambitious philosophical, ontological, and epistemological questions to challenge what is deemed to constitute the ‘mainstream’ of IR, their impact is more likely to be felt at the ‘margins’ of the discipline. From this perspective, claiming a turn constitutes a position-enhancing move for scholars seeking to accumulate social capital, understood as scientific authority, and become ‘established heretics’ within the intellectual subfield of critical IR. We therefore expect the proliferation of turns to reshape more substantively what it means to do critical IR, rather than turning the whole discipline on its head.
18 citations
TL;DR: Art history has undergone the linguistic turn, t... as mentioned in this paper, and a roadmap for the discipline of art history in the past few decades would show a tangle of unexpected turns, as for the rest of the humanities.
Abstract: Just as for the rest of the humanities, a roadmap for the discipline of art history in the past few decades would show a tangle of unexpected turns. Art history has undergone the linguistic turn, t...
5 citations
TL;DR: The authors examined the role of martyrdom literature in the formation of Christian identity in the earliest centuries, and examined the function of martyr traditions in identifying suffering as the evidence of true Christian identity, transforming the martyrs into a perceived elite class of Christians to be emulated, and promoting a strong, anti-imperial rhetoric.
Abstract:
This article examines the impact of martyrdom literature on the formation of Christian identity in the earliest centuries. Taking a cue from insights from the “linguistic turn” in scholarship, the article examines the function of martyr traditions in identifying suffering as the evidence of true Christian identity, in transforming the martyrs into a perceived elite class of Christians to be emulated, and in promoting a strong, anti-imperial rhetoric. Questions of historical veracity in these texts therefore give way to an analysis of the rhetorical and ideological impact of these stories.
3 citations
TL;DR: Although scholars have sought to theorize tourism from important philosophical turns (e.g., epistemological/antirational/postmodern/practice), one influential turn (viz. linguistic) has not receive...
Abstract: Although scholars have sought to theorize tourism from important philosophical turns (e.g., epistemological/antirational/postmodern/practice), one influential turn (viz. linguistic) has not receive...
3 citations
TL;DR: One hears of constant turns in the humanities and social sciences from the cultural turn and linguistic turn to the more recent post-human turn and ontological turn as discussed by the authors, and such turns, as it goes, help sc...
3 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Alice Ambrose (1906-2001) is best known as Wittgenstein's student during the 1930s, and her association with probably the most famous philosopher of the twentieth century contributes to her obscurity.
Abstract: Alice Ambrose (1906–2001) is best known as Wittgenstein’s student during the 1930s. Her association with probably the most famous philosopher of the twentieth century contributes to her obscurity. ...
1 citations
12 May 2021
TL;DR: Barad's theory of agential realism as mentioned in this paper is an ontological, epistemological, and ethical framework for conceptualizing knowledge and reality, and its implications for critical theoretical education research.
Abstract: This chapter discusses Karen Barad’s (2007) theory of agential realism and its implications for critical theoretical education research. Agential realism is an ontological, epistemological, and ethical framework for conceptualizing knowledge and reality. As a trained physicist, Barad relies on the language of and experiments within quantum physics to articulate her framework. The ontological turn can be understood as building on and responding to the linguistic turn in philosophy, social sciences, and the humanities. The linguistic turn frames reality as being conditioned by collectively constructed discourse. In education research, the ontological turn has both methodological and political implications. Agential realism shares many features of the ontological turn, including a return to materiality, a recognition of multiple realities, a move toward human and non-human agency, and a skepticism toward the masterful human subject. An agential realist perspective would see the children’s bodies, hands, and linguistic practices, as well as the clay itself, as being entangled with and mutually constituting one another.
1 citations
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: The theory of language holography and the Western philosophy of language seem to be different but come to the same end: to observe the world structure from the linguistic one as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The theory of language holography and Western philosophy of language seems to be different but come to the same end: to observe the world structure from the linguistic one.
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the existing concepts of representatives of Western schools of thought on the phenomenon of computer simulations in the context of the philosophy of science is presented, focusing on three basic conceptual directions: 1) definition of the term "computer simulation", 2) computer simulations as an experiment; 3) the epistemic value of simulations.
Abstract: In the modern Russian philosophy, discussions about the phenomenon of computer simulations in the scientific research practice of conducting experiments are just beginning to pass the stage of initiation in small interdisciplinary groups studying this new direction for the philosophy of science.At the same time, in Western philosophy by the current moment there have been formed entire directions for the study of computer simulations. Different groups of researchers in different ways form ideas about the basic characteristics of simulations: from skeptical views on their nature, which are of no philosophical interest, to extremely revolutionary attitudes that assign simulations to the main role in the next expected turn of philosophy, comparable in its power to the linguistic turn in early XX century.One of the main controversial issues in Western philosophical thought was the search for relevant criteria and signs of simulations that could create a solid basis for formulating a rigorous definition of this phenomenon. Thus, through the definition, researchers first of all try, on the one hand, to solve the taxonomic problem of the correlation and interconnection of simulations with other types of experiment: natural, laboratory, mental, mathematical. On the other hand, to reveal for philosophy ontological and epistemological foundations of simulations, which carry the potential of new philosophical knowledge.This article is devoted to a brief review of the existing concepts of representatives of Western schools of thought on the phenomenon of computer simulations in the context of the philosophy of science. The structure of the review is built on three basic conceptual directions: 1) definition of the term "computer simulation"; 2) computer simulations as an experiment; 3) the epistemic value of simulations. Such a review can become the subject of discussion for Russian researchers interested in the impact of computer simulations on science and philosophy.
TL;DR: In this paper, the psychoanalytic work of Winnicott and Wittgenstein's philosophy on language complement each other in elucidating a "psychoanalytic language game".
Abstract: This paper illuminates how the psychoanalytic work of Winnicott and Wittgenstein's philosophy on language complement each other in elucidating a "psychoanalytic language game". The paper takes a close look at the grammar and linguistic mechanisms which underlie psychoanalytic work. Wittgenstein's linguistic turn from positivism is discussed; his ideas like 'family resemblance', 'aspect seeing' and 'language games' are examined in order to shed light on the paradoxical communication at play in Winnicott's potential space. The paper looks at the potentiality central to therapeutic work, arguing that it accords with what Wittgenstein calls the grammatical optative mode, as Freud already indicated in his theory of dreaming.
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the authors refer to the change from "linguistic turn" to "iconic turn" in humanities, pointing at the process of profound changes in communicative structures.
Abstract: I refer to the change from ‘linguistic turn’ to ‘iconic turn’ in humanities, because it points at the process of profound changes in communicative structures. However, non-linguistic communication can be more than solely visual, also being realized by sending neural impulses online with brain-to-brain interfaces, or by artistic genetical engineering.
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that neither history nor law should be called as evidence science in the absolute sense, and they present their own sets of understanding and narrative logic to find facts.
Abstract: Within the scope of history and law, there is a relatively common cognition, which are essentially evidence science. However, since Sima Qian said that the ultimate ideal goal of historians is “creating a philosophy of my own”, the theory of historiography has been promoted continuously by local and overseas historians. This theory involves the understanding of historical materials and the importance of the narrative factor of history writing. The theoretical reflection of law on its own discipline also has a linguistic turn, and researchers begin to pay more attention to the description and narrative of society in a legal sense. From the perspective of the theory and nature of law and history, these two subjects both are aiming to apply their own understanding and interpretation on the selected text or other evidences to tell a single coherent story. At the level of practice and operation of these two subjects; the historical materials and evidence are artificially selected by analyzing and summarizing them. These two subjects both rely on these “indirect story” to find facts. On these basis, they eventually present their own sets of understanding and narrative logic. Neither history nor law should be called as evidence science in the absolute sense.
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: The authors discuss the justification for a linguistic turn in the study of school improvement with an emphasis on the language of leadership, and in particular persuasion, in the implementation of reform, and consider the methodological implications of this rhetorical and linguistic turn, before ending with implications for future research and practice about the role of language in improvement efforts.
Abstract: In this chapter, I discuss the justification for a linguistic turn in the study of school improvement with an emphasis on the language of leadership, and in particular persuasion, in the implementation of reform. In addition to exploring the ways in which discourse analysis can be used more generally to understand the nature of school improvement, I also focus on the particular method of rhetorical analysis as it can be leveraged to understand how the structure of language can be in and of itself an improvement strategy for educational leaders. After discussing the methodological approach, I share examples of studies of principals’ talk in the context of reform and the findings that emerged. I then consider the methodological implications of this rhetorical and linguistic turn, before ending with implications for future research and practice about the role of language in improvement efforts.