Showing papers on "Motion analysis published in 1982"

Phenomenal coherence of moving visual patterns

Abstract: When a moving grating is viewed through an aperture, only motion orthogonal to its bars is visible, as motion parallel to the bars causes no change in the stimulus. Because there is a family of physical motions of various directions and speeds that appear identical, the motion of the grating is ambiguous. In contrast, when two crossed moving gratings are superimposed, the resulting plaid pattern usually moves unambiguously and predictably. In certain cases, however, two gratings do not combine into a single coherent percept, but appear to slide across one another. We have studied the conditions under which coherence does and does not occur, and we report here that it depends on the relative contrasts, spatial frequencies and directions of motion of the gratings. These effects may reveal the previously unstudied properties of a higher order stage of motion analysis.

A Mathematical Model for Computer Image Tracking

Abstract: A mathematical model using an operator formulation for a moving object in a sequence of images is presented. Time-varying translation and rotation operators are derived to describe the motion. A variational estimation algorithm is developed to track the dynamic parameters of the operators. The occlusion problem is alleviated by using a predictive Kalman filter to keep the tracking on course during severe occlusion. The tracking algorithm (variational estimation in conjunction with Kalman filter) is implemented to track moving objects with occasional occlusion in computer-simulated binary images.

Motion Analysis via Local Translational Processing.

Abstract: : The first part of this report presents a procedure for processing real world image sequences produced by relative translational motion between a sensor and environmental objects. In this procedure, the determination of the direction of sensor translation is effectively combined with the determination of the displacements of image features and environmental depth. It requires no restrictions on the direction of motion, nor the location and shape of environmental objects. It has been applied successfully to real-world image sequences from several different task domains. (Author)

Moving Target Tracking Using Symbolic Registration

Abstract: This correspondence describes a moving target tracking (MTT) algorithm that performs image registration and motion analysis between pairs of images from a passive sensor. Unlike previously reported moving target indicators that operate at the signal level, the registration and motion analysis in the MTT is totally performed at a symbolic level. The operation of the MTT is demonstrated by simulation results obtained from applications of the algorithm to infrared images.

High-Speed Television Camera And Video Tape Recording System For Motion Analysis

Abstract: A new high-speed motion analysis system provides 2000 frames/second recording and instant replay. Subframe pictures can be taken at 12,000 pictures per second. The recording medium is magnetic tape packaged in a cassette which stores 45 seconds at the highest speed. The key technical advance which made the system possible include a new solid-state 192 x 240 image sensor array which can be read at 108 pixels/second. Recording at practical tape speeds was achieved through the development of high density magnetic heads and tape specifically for this system. In addition to high speed operation, the system was designed to ease the entire range of image analysis tasks. Analog data channels may be recorded and reproduced synchronously with the image sequence. The instrument permits full remote control by a host computer, and random read/write access to the internal digital frame store for image enhancement and pattern recognition applications.

Uniqueness and estimation of three-dimensional motion parameters of a rigid planar patch from three perspective views

Abstract: This paper considers the three-view problem in motion estimation from image sequences. It is proved using the properties of Singular Value Decomposition and analytical geometry that, given four image point correspondences in three perspective views taken by a single camera of a planar patch undergoing general three-dimensional rigid-body motion, the number of solution for the motion parameters is one aside from a scale factor for the translations, as opposed to two when only two perspective views are given.

A Multiprocessor System for Dynamic Scene Analysis

Abstract: Computer vision and digital image processing require a large amount of computation. A complete vision system, such as VISIONS [17], requires many number-crunching operations at the low level and sophisticated decision making at high-level. The advances in LSI and VLSI circuits have influenced researchers in computer vision and digital image processing. Many approaches for fast image processing using a network of processors have been presented [1–3,6,7,17]. However, parallelism has been applied mostly to those problems that are well defined or where use of partitioning is obvious. The problems encountered in the real world are serial in nature and it is difficult to incorporate parallelism directly.

Automated motion analysis of simulated pedestrian impacts with the aid of digital high speed film processing

Abstract: A method is described which allows the efficient calculation of spatial motions from high speed films using a newly developed digital image analysis system. The method is applied to a series of simulated pedestrian impacts whereby a modified Part 572 dummy was used as pedestrian surrogate. The main objective of this series of tests is to document the properties of the resulting motions in space when the surrogate is hit by the corner area of a vehicle. Because such a configuration represents a relatively frequent type of collision, documentation of such trajectories is also of importance in view of accident reconstruction. (TRRL)

Dynamic scenes and object descriptions

Abstract: In this paper we will address several fundamental concepts in the analysis of dynamic scenes and will describe a system that derives three-dimensional object representations from the multiple views provided by dynamic images. The two fundamental concepts are that of the correspondence problem (1) and occlusion analysis (2). The former involves the process which is necessary to span the discontinuity inherent in image sequence representations of dynamic scenes. A detailed description of a dynamic scene analysis system (3) is presented with special emphasis on the two major goals pursued in the work, namely, to lessen the dependence on feature point measurements in a structure from motion system and to develop a descriptive three-dimensional object representation that is suitable for dynamic scene analysis systems. The results are a structure from occluding contours system and a "volume segment" representation scheme.