Showing papers on "Professional development published in 1989"

The Learning Company

Abstract: The learning company is an organisation which facilitates the learning of all of its members and continuously transforms itself in order to meet its strategic goals. The paper introduces the concept of the learning company and examines its relevance in modern industrial society. A study of Director‐level personnel in eight large public and private sector organisations in the United Kingdom provides support for the concept. Following a discussion of the learning company as an organisational transformation, guidelines for designing learning companies are proposed.

Workplace Conditions That Affect Teacher Quality and Commitment: Implications for Teacher Induction Programs

Abstract: This article identifies critical dimensions of the social organization of schools associated with teachers' commitment: their rewards, task autonomy and discretion, learning opportunities, and efficacy. I begin by defining workplace commitment, relating different organizational theories. I then apply this definition to the school as a workplace, emphasizing the needs of beginning teachers. The social organizational antecedents of teachers' learning opportunities and their efficacy are also delineated. Finally, I conclude with some policy recommendations necessary to develop a successful teacher induction program.

Medical ethics education: Coming of age.

Abstract: Medical ethics education is instruction that endeavors to teach the examination of the role of values in the doctor's relationship with patients, colleagues, and society. It is one front of a broad curricular effort to develop physicians' values, social perspectives, and interpersonal skills for the practice of medicine. The authors define medical ethics education as more clinically centered than human values education and more inclusive of philosophical, social, and legal issues than is interpersonal skills training. The authors review the history of the emergence of medical ethics education over the last 20 years, examine the areas of consensus that have emerged concerning the general objectives and premises for designing medical ethics programs, and describe teaching objectives and methods, course content, and program evaluation used in such programs on both preclinical and clinical levels. The four interrelated requirements for successful institutionalization of medical ethics education programs are defined and discussed, and the paper ends with an overview of the uncertain future of medical ethics education, an accepted but still not fully mature part of physician training in the United States. An extensive reference list accompanies the article.

Writing to Grow: Keeping a Personal-Professional Journal

Abstract: Logs, diaries, journals and teachers who keep them reflective writing portraits of teacher journal writers understanding experience keeping a journal - exploring personal and professional development personal and professional inquiry.

The impact of mentoring and collegial support on faculty success: An analysis of support behavior, information adequacy, and communication apprehension

Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between mentoring and collegial support systems, information adequacy, communication apprehension, and faculty success. Professors (N = 224) at two universities were surveyed. Results showed that patterns of communication and success differed by gender/mentee status. Canonical analysis, controlling for gender/mentee status, supported the hypothesized relationships.

District Policy Choices and Teachers' Professional Development Opportunities

Abstract: A comprehensive inventory of formal staff development activity and costs in 30 California districts yields a portrait of locally organized opportunities for teachers and reveals the policy stance taken by districts toward teachers and their professional development. Present patterns of resource allocation consolidate the district's role as the dominant provider of teachers' professional development; other sources, including the university or the larger professional community of teachers, are less visible. Expenditures reflect a conception of professional development based almost exclusively in skill acquisition, furthered by a ready marketplace of programs with predetermined content and format; other routes to professional maturation are less evident. Over the last two decades, professional development has become a growth industry. Local and state policy makers have been persuaded that preservice teacher education cannot fully satisfy the requirements for a well-prepared work force, and have found public support for professional development activities to be consistent with public interest. States have responded to pressures from the field to bolster reform legislation with support in the form of training. In the period

Occupational Stress in Social Work

Abstract: Faith Gibson was educated at the Universities of Sydney, Queensland and Chicago in Humanities, Social Work and Education. She has practised in mental health, remedial education and residential settings. She is presently a Senior Lecturer in Social Work at the University of Ulster at Coleraine where she teaches and researches in social work theory, staff development and therapeutic reminiscence in late life. Anne McGrath took a degree in Psychology followed by three years post-graduate work. She worked for two years as a lecturer in a further education college, and is currently working as a Research Assistant in the Centre for Applied Health Studies, University of Ulster. Norma Reid took degrees in mathematics and statistics and worked in health research for three years at the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, before taking up a post in the London School of Economics as a Lecturer in Social Statistics. She has worked in health research since 1978, mainly non-clinical nursing research, and was Director of the Centre for Applied Health Studies, University of Ulster from 1984 until 1987, when she took up post as a Senior Lecturer in Mathematics in the University. SUMMARY This article reports the results of a study of occupational stress undertaken with a large sample of Northern Ireland field social workers, including both main grade practitioners and first line senior social work managers employed as team leaders. This study formed part of a wider interprofessional study of social workers, nurses and teachers; publications for the latter two professions along with interprofessional comparisons are in preparation and this present article focuses on the social worker cohort. The design and methods are described and demographic characteristics of the social work sample are provided, with their views about social work. Stressors are identified in both professional and private lives. The effects of stress as manifested through the General Health Questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory are examined and the social workers' views on various stress coping strategies are discussed.

The Impact of Teachers’ Personal Lives on Professional Role Enactment: A Qualitative Analysis

Abstract: This article reports data that provide insight into teachers’ perspectives regarding the impact of personal-life factors on their work lives. Open-ended questionnaires were used to collect data from 200 teachers. The data were analyzed according to qualitative methods for grounded theory research. Thirteen categories reflecting positive and negative effects were identified in the data. These categories are discussed in terms of three general classifications: interpersonal personal, and socioeconomic. Finally, conclusions and implications are drawn regarding gender as well as personal and professional development issues.

Teaching medical ethics: some persistent questions and some responses.

Abstract: &NA; No abstract available.

Identifying Staff Development Needs of Cooperative Extension Faculty Using a Modified Borich Needs Assessment Model.

Abstract: The concept of needs assessment has evolved since the mid-sixties as a direct offshoot of the social action legislation period (Stufflebeam, McCormick, Brinkerhoff & Nelson, 1985). The logic behind identifying educational needs stems from the desire to design and implement relevant educational programs which are based on measurable and achievable goals and objectives. Gathering data from potential clientele and actively involving them in the process of identifying potential educational programs increases the likelihood of implementing relevant educational programs; thus, increasing the likelihood of achieving appropriate outcomes. This article describes an educational needs assessment process which was employed in an attempt to develop a prioritized list of educational needs for extension field faculty.

Technology in Teacher Education

Abstract: Teacher educators have a professional responsibility to experiment systemati cally with applying existing and emerg ing technologies to teacher training. A recent review of research on the applica tions of technology to teacher education indicates that major program themes are being overlooked in the research that is being done. Factors exist that are re stricting experimentation. Brooks and Kopp argue that a systems approach to teacher education program design should help organize and encourage systematic investigations of technology in professional education. Critical ques tions need to be asked if planning for technology in teacher training is to op timize faculty and financial resources.

Including Curriculum Content on Lesbian and Gay Issues.

Abstract: This paper presents a rationale for requiring content on lesbian and gay issues in the social work curriculum. Recent research suggests that a considerable percentage of social workers possess homophobic attitudes. Some support exists for making education a tool to reduce negative attitudes toward the gay population. However, students are unlikely to receive adequate information about this population before they enter the social work curriculum. The goals of including content on lesbian and gay issues are to decrease homophobic attitudes and to prepare students to provide effective social work practice with lesbian and gay clients. Methods and resources for incorporating content on lesbian and gay issues in human behavior, direct practice, policy, community organization and research courses of the social work curriculum are presented.

Gaming: a teaching strategy for adult learners.

Abstract: Developing stimulating and innovative educational episodes poses a challenge to nurse educators. The technique of gaming is making a comeback on the educational scene as it facilitates internalization of concepts and promotes affective learning and the application of psychomotor skills. The theoretical use of gaming strategies, development, implementation, and applicability in staff development is discussed.

Professional Growth and Support through Peer Coaching.

Abstract: I n 1985 the Old Adobe Union School District, in Sonoma County, Califor nia, implemented a peer coaching program to provide support to newly hired teachers and to offer leadership roles to experienced teachers. 1 The need for such a program first became evident when, after 10 years of declining enrollment, the district suddenly faced an increase that allowed the hiring of additional teachers. With enrollment in creasing, the principals did not have time to give the new teachers the sup port they deserved and needed. As a result, many were overwhelmed by classroom demands. When one of them resigned after two months, citing undue stress as the reason, district administra tors began searching for a solution. At the time, Old Adobe District had in place a long-range plan to train teachers in instructional strategies. Be tween 1982 and 1985, all teachers had attended five-day workshops based on the Hunter model of teaching. Teach ers and administrators therefore had a common language for talking about teaching; but there had been no followthrough to help them maintain their new skills, and they had found few opportunities to talk about teaching. In 1983 another event had encour aged district officials to take action; California had enacted Senate Bill 813, requiring school districts to address the needs of probationary teachers. Old Adobe District elected to try to meet all these different needs—those of new teachers, those of probationary teachers, and those of experienced teachers—through peer coaching.

Internal medicine residents' preferences regarding medical ethics education.

Abstract: Three hundred and twenty-three residents in six internal medicine programs in three states were surveyed concerning what they wanted to learn about medical ethics and how they would prefer to learn it; they were also asked to indicate what medical ethics education they had already received. Specific

Professional Development: How Effective Are Your Patient Education Materials? Guidelines for Developing and Evaluating Written Educational Materials

Abstract: Written educational materials are an essential component of a comprehensive education program. To be effective and useful, educational materials must meet the specific needs of the target patient population. Many available educational materials may not meet the needs of your patients, therefore efforts to develop appropriate written educational tools may be necessary. Developing quality educational materials include several steps: conducting a needs assessment, establishing learning objectives, writing the text, and evaluating the piece. The quality of the text is often determined by readability. The text should be written on a level that is appropriate for the patient group. Content and style, layout, color, and illustrations all influence readability and quality. Most important, good quality educational materials help promote the relationship between the patient and the health care professional as well as enhance patient knowledge and self-care.

Research Supervision: the value of collegiality

Abstract: (1989). Research Supervision: the value of collegiality. Cambridge Journal of Education: Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 267-276.

Professionalization, Deprofessionalization, and Reprofessionalization of Rehabilitation Counseling According to Criteria of Professions

Abstract: Using documentation from professional literature, this article reviews and examines the professionalization, deprofessionalization, and reprofessionalization of rehabilitation counseling according to selected descriptors of professionalism Recommendations designed to facilitate the continuation of rehabilitation counseling's professional development are offered