Showing papers on "Reflector (antenna) published in 1972"

Formulation of a Reflector-Design Problem for a Lighting Fixture

Abstract: The problem of designing a reflector to distribute the illumination of a nonisotropic point source on a plane aperture according to a pre-assigned pattern is analyzed. An integral equation and equivalent partial differential equation are derived. The form of the latter reveals this reflector-design problem to be a singular elliptic Monge–Ampere boundary-value problem.

Method and apparatus for collecting solar energy

Abstract: Solar rays strike a plurality of flat elongated reflector units. The bodies are arranged so that the beams of light reflected therefrom converge at an energy receiving means. The individual reflector units are rotated about their horizontal axes of elongation as the elevation of the sun changes, thereby maintaining a convergence of the reflected rays; and, the relative inclination between the individual reflector units is changable in order to control the intensity of the energy at the energy receiving means. The reflected energy is directed toward an energy receiving means which has a housing with an internal cavity. The energy enters a lower portion of the cavity and is directed upon a fluid-carrying conduit located in the upper portion of the cavity.

Bifocal dual reflector antenna

Abstract: A bifocal dual reflector antenna is similar to and has better scan capability than a classical Cassegrain reflector antenna. The method used in determining the reflector surfaces is a modification of a design method for the dielectric bifocal lens. Computed radiation characteristics of the bifocal reflector system are compared with those of a classical Cassegrain reflector system. The results confirm that the bifocal reflector has superior scanning performance.

Wide field reflective optical apparatus

Abstract: The disclosure describes a wide field reflective optical system comprising an afocal fore telescope and an imaging system. The afocal telescope comprises first and second confocal paraboloidal reflectors, an aperture stop located in front of the first reflector at a distance equal to its focal length, and a field stop located at the common focal point of the reflectors. The imaging system is an improvement of the Schmidt principle and comprises an aspheric corrector reflector that reflects radiation from the second paraboloidal reflector onto a plane reflector. The plane reflector is located in front of a spherical reflector that focuses radiation at its focal plane through an aperture in the plane reflector.

Acousto-optic underwater detector

Abstract: A low frequency or pressure-gradient hydrophone comprising an optical reflector experiencing displacements responsive to acoustic waves. A beam light from a light source is carried by a first group of fiber optics guides and is incident upon the optical reflector. The light reflected from the reflector is carried by a second group of fiber optics guides to a light detector. Any displacements of the reflector due to pressure gradient due to acoustic waves impinging on the opposite sides of the reflector are detected by changes in intensity of reflected light from the light source.

Apparatus and method for uniform illumination of a surface

Abstract: A technique for irradiating a substantially large surface area so as to obtain substantially uniform radiation density over the entire surface area to be irradiated through the use of prismatic elements including elliptical shaped reflector means and a line radiation source, wherein the line radiation source and the image plane of the surface area to be irradiated are positioned at predetermined locations displaced from the normal primary and secondary focal points to cause the entire surface area to be irradiated in a substantially uniform manner.

Gas-cooled torch lamp

Abstract: An infrared heating device includes a pistol grip handle carrying a lamp and a reflector spaced therefrom for focusing infrared radiation upon work to be heated. A filter is positioned over the front of the reflector for passing only infrared radiation to the work. Means are provided to establish a flow of cooling gas over the exterior and interior of the reflector and over in inner and outer faces of the filter. A flow-responsive switch is provided in the handle for detecting the flow of cooling gas. A solid state switching device (Triac) is connected in circuit with the lamp and actuated by the flow-responsive for energizing the lamp only when a flow of cooling gas is established.

Multi-purpose antenna employing dish reflector with plural coaxial horn feeds

Abstract: A microwave antenna useful on a spacecraft, which utilizes a single dish reflector and single coaxial horn structure to transmit at two frequencies, and to receive signals at a third frequency that allow tracking. The horn structure includes a coaxial wave-guide with an inner pipe for transmitting X-band waves, an intermediate pipe, surrounding the inner pipe for transmitting S-band waves through the space between it and the inner pipe, and an outer pipe surrounding the intermediate pipe for receiving S-band tracking signals. An outer horn flares from the outer pipe and an inner horn flares from the inner pipe, to efficiently illuminate the dish reflector at both X and S bands.

Roadway marker device

Abstract: A roadway marker system for improved wet-night visibility where snow plowing is prevalent in which a preformed strip is provided with recesses into which inserts can be placed, the inserts being provided with reflector elements, electrically activated light emitting devices, electrical heating elements, electrically activated infra-red radiation emitting devices, or radioactive light emitting elements. Electrical conductors are also embedded in the strip to supply power to the inserts.

Ink drying reflector system

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiator in which there is an elliptical reflector, part of which is formed by two spaced apart plates forming ducting, the ducting being pivotable from a first, open, position to a second position in which the radiation from the radiator is cut-off, cooling fluid being drawn through the ducting to cool the reflector

Process for packaging light emitting devices

Abstract: A PACKAGE FOR A LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE IS FABRICATED FROM A LEAD FRAME STRUCTURE HAVING A PAIR OF ELECTRODES. THE END OF ONE OF THE ELECTRODES OF THE LEAD FRAME IS SHAPED CONCAVELY TO FORM A REFLECTOR HAVING A PREDETERMINED SHAPE. A SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENT IS BONDED TO THE INTERIOR SURFACE OF THE REFLECTOR AND ELECTRICALLY CONNECTED BY A WIRE TO ONE END OF THE OTHER ELECTRODE. THE ENDS OF THE TWO ELECTRODES ARE MECHANICALLY SECURED TOGETHER IN SPACED RELATIONSHIP BY A TRANSPARENT ENCAPSULATING SUBSTANCE WHICH ALSO FORMS THE LENS FOR THE DEVICE.

Roadway lane delineator having an elastomeric reflective portion

Abstract: A roadway lane delineator comprising a base portion, an elastomeric reflector portion carried by the base portion, and a retro-reflective structure supported on an exterior surface of the reflector portion.

Digital antenna positioning system and method

Abstract: A digital system for positioning an antenna of a tracking radar system, particularly of the type employing a driven beam reflector of the type utilized in a cassegrain antenna system, without the use of rate gyros. Signals representing various angular quantities are simultaneously sampled periodically and all preliminary functions such as normalizing are performed before the data is stored. The handling of the data as a block of data eliminates undesirable time skewing and the digital data may be used as a block of data in positioning the radar antenna.

Microphone-speaker device

Abstract: A hand-held tape recording device comprising, within a casing, a reversible electro-acoustic transducer serving as both a microphone and a speaker which performs the functions of converting sound waves into electrical signals and electrical signals into sound waves, tape recording means connected to the transducer, and a concave elliptic sound reflector having first and second foci and juxtaposed to the reversible electro-acoustic transducer for directing sound waves to and from the transducer. The reflector has plural radial splits to facilitate variation in curvature thereof, and the device further includes means carried by the casing for moving the center of the reflector in a direction aligned with the axis of the reflector to vary the curvature of the reflector.

Torus-type antenna having a conical scan capability

Abstract: A reflector type antenna which is formed by rotating a generating curve, having an axis of beam direction, about a fixed axis such that the axis of beam direction defines a beam scanning surface corresponding to the surface of a cone. Scanning is obtained by rotating a feed on the arc of a circle centered on the fixed axis so that, due to symmetry, radiation patterns on the beam scanning surface are identical for all feed positions. The beam scanning surface so described permits an approximation to the conical surface defined by a group of lines drawn from an earth station site to points on the geostationary arc.

Infrared tunable laser

Abstract: A tunable laser apparatus including a first wavelength selective reflector and a second wavelength selective reflector forming one end of an optical cavity, a third wavelength selective reflector forming the other end of the optical cavity, a first lasable dye solution for developing radiation of a wavelength selected by the first reflector and a second lasable dye solution for developing radiation of a wavelength selected by the second reflector disposed within the optical cavity, and a non-linear mixing crystal disposed within the optical cavity. The selected radiation is passed through the non-linear mixing crystal causing it to develop radiation of a third wavelength which is transmitted out of the optical cavity through the third reflector.

Antenna system employing toroidal reflectors

Abstract: A microwave antenna consists of two toroidal reflectors turning their concave sides toward a common axis of rotation, i.e., a main reflector farther from that axis and an ancillary reflector closer thereto. The main reflector has a parabolic generatrix with a focal point situated on a point between the axis and the vertex of the ancillary reflector in a common equatorial plane of the two reflectors; the ancillary reflector has a hyperbolic generatrix whose foci substantially coincide with the focal point and with the vertex of the parabolic generatrix.

Dual polarized cylindrical reflector antenna system

Abstract: A dual polarization antenna system comprising a cylindrical reflector having a parabolic cross section. The cylindrical reflector simultaneously collimates energy directed from a vertically polarized and a horizontally polarized line source, both of which are offset from the cylindrical reflector to avoid aperture blockage. A folded pill box may be used for each of the line sources.

Multi-purpose rotisserie-broiler combination

Abstract: A combined rotisserie-broiler having a movable heating element which can be placed adjacent or remote from food to be cooked. The rotisserie-broiler is a multi-purpose unit having a removable hood, reflector and fry pan which can be arranged in a plurality of positions to permit the user to selectively fry, grill, broil, sear and bake foods.

Dish reflector for a high gain antenna

Abstract: A dish reflector for a high antenna formed by a plurality of generally triangular petals joined edgewise to form a quasiparaboloid configuration.

Optimized reflector antenna

Abstract: An optimized reflector antenna is provided which includes a reflector with a rim of adjustable width around its perimeter and a feed system having a predetermined spacing from the reflector. The rim is excited by radiation coupling and its edge acts like a secondary radiator that yields a substantial and unique effect on the radiation patterns of the antenna by preselecting the rim dimensions in amplitude and phase in reference to the feed system.

Reflector mount for spoked wheel

Abstract: Side reflectors mountable between adjacent spokes of a bicycle wheel, each reflector having an obverse side with a reflector element and a reverse side with frictional locking tabs formed at opposite ends. Closely dimensioned locking spaces are between the tabs and the reverse side of the plate so that adjacent bicycle spokes may be captured within the spaces. The adjacent spokes urge portions of the locking tabs away from the reverse side of the plate, and thereby assume frictional locking engagement with the reflector.

Antenna system with distortion compensating reflectors

Abstract: D R A W I N G AN ANTENNA SYSTEM HAS A REFLECTOR SYSTEM COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF REFLECTORS HAVING ROTATIONALLY ASYMMETRICAL CURVED SURFACES SUCH AS ELLIPTIC, HYPERBOLIC OR PARABOLIC SURFACE GEOMETRIES. IN ORDER TO COMPENSATE FOR THE ASYMMETRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE REFLECTORS, AT LEAST ONE PAIR OF ASYMMETRICAL REFLECTORS IS ARRANGED IN FACING RELATIONSHIP SO THAT THE DIFFERENCES IN ASYMMETRICAL PROPERTIES ARE COMPENSATED BY THE OPPOSITE RADIATION DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH REFLECTOR. THE REFLECTORS ARE POSITIONED APART SO THAT AMONG THE REFLECTORS THE RATIO BETWEEN THE PRODUCT OF THE DISTANCES FROM EACH REFLECTION POINT OF EACH REFLECTOR TO THE FOCUS OF EACH REFLECTED BEAM FORMS A CONSTANT RATIO WITH THE PRODUCT OF THE DISTANCE FROM THE REFLECTION POINT TO THE FOCUS OF EACH INCIDENT BEAM. ACCORDINGLY, WHEN AN ELECTROMAGNETIC BEAM SOURCE WITH A ROTATIONALLY SYMMETRICAL BEAM, IS APPLIED, A ROTATIONALLY SYMMETRICAL RADIATION DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTIC RESULTS AT AN APERTURE OF THE ANTENNA SYSTEM EVEN THOUGH THE REFLECTORS HAVE ROTATIONALLY ASYMMETRICAL CURVED SURFACES.

Microwave antenna with radome

Abstract: A microwave antenna having a parabolic reflector with a confocal parabolic radome. The coincident foci of the reflector and radome cause reflections from the latter to be incident upon the reflector in the same direction as the energy directly incident thereon from the feed. The antenna is integrally formed in nestable segments each comprising portions of the reflector, the radome and any interconnecting shroud.

Antenna positioning system and method

Abstract: A system for positioning an antenna of a tracking radar system, particularly of the type employing a driven beam reflector of the type utilized in a cassegrain antenna system, without the use of rate gyros. A target line-of-sight error signal representing the error between the radar beam line-of-sight and the target lineof-sight in a line-of-sight coordinate system is generated and then referenced to a fixed coordinate system. In a radar system employing an antenna having an axis system corresponding to the beam line-of-sight axis system, the line-of-sight error signal is referenced to the fixed coordinate system by first referencing the error signal to an aircraft axis system and then to the fixed coordinate system to obtain a fixed coordinate referenced error signal. The fixed coordinate referenced line-of-sight error signal may then be employed to generate fixed coordinate referenced line-of-sight error rate and position signals through the use of a predetermined transfer function and an integrator having a predetermined, fixed coordinate system referenced constant of integration. The line-of-sight position signals referenced to the fixed coordinate system may then be used to generate antenna angular pointing error signals which may be used to drive the antenna in a direction tending to null the line-ofsight error signal. In a system employing a driven beam reflecting element such as in a cassegrain system, the rotation affect of the reflector on the beam is taken into account in referencing the line-of-sight error signals to the fixed coordinate system. Moreover, the complex relationship between beam position and reflector position is accounted for in transforming to and from the fixed coordinate system. A method and system for generating line-of-sight angular rate signals for use in fire control systems is also disclosed.

A comparison of geometrical theory of diffraction and integral equation formulation for analysis of reflector antennas

Abstract: Four two-dimensional reflector antennas, the Strip, the corner, the trough, and the inverted trough, are analyzed independently by both the geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) and integral equation formulation (IEF). A comparison of the radiation patterns calculated by these two methods shows that for intermediate-sized structures ( 0.5-5\lambda ), the agreement between the two methods is excellent. (Comparison with measured patterns is given where these are available in the literature.) Extensive calculations are also carried out to determine the ranges of validity of the methods, i.e., exactly how small a structure GTD can treat and how large a reflector IEF can adequately handle. A qualitative assessment of the relative merits of the two methods is also presented.

High intensity projection lamp assembly with heat shield

Abstract: An assembly of a high intensity projection lamp positioned within a concave reflector, and a tubular heat shield positioned partially within the open face of the reflector so as to control and reduce the light and heat projected from the reflector toward a film-mask aperture plate. The heat shield also functions to support an air nozzle for cooling the lamp. The arrangement is particularly useful in a motion picture projector.

Microwave oven with premixing of wave energy before delivery to its heating cavity

Abstract: An antenna protrudes into the interior of a semicyclindrical coupling and distribution structure extending from the rear of the heating cavity. Contained in the structure is a rotatable reflector unit composed of a horizontal flat arm and a curved vane depending downwardly therefrom. The end of the arm remote from the vane is mounted for rotation about a vertical axis at a location between the antenna and the heating cavity, the arm having a length such that the vane passes between the antenna and the semicircular rear wall of the structure during each revolution. The vane''s radius of curvature is less than the radius of curvature of the wall so that the distance or spacing of the vane is continually varying with respect to the wall as well as continually varying with respect to the antenna, thereby causing considerable mode alterations or premixing of the microwave energy prior to its delivery into the heating cavity. Additional dispersion of the energy is effected as it enters the cavity by means of an inclined dispersive plate extending into the cavity from the opening or window through which the energy is introduced. In this way, the vertical dimension of the cavity is substantially reduced and at the same time the usable space therein is maximized by reason of the externally located coupling structure, which modulates the wave pattern of the energy entering the cavity.

Side reflectors for bicycles and the like

Abstract: Side reflector assemblies for bicycles having reflective surfaces on both sides of the reflector assembly and mounted on the bicycle to reflect light from both sides of the bicycle without interference from the rider. The internal faceted reflective faces of the reflectors are sealed by the mounting means therefor, and the reflectors are clamped to a bar of the bicycle adjacent the front of the bicycle and to the angular bar forming a mounting for the seat post along the upper portion thereof. This so positions the reflector that the two reflectors can be viewed from both sides of the bicycle with a minimum amount of interference from the legs and garments of the rider.

Illumination system for copier machines arranged to minimize glare with respect to an operator

Abstract: The present case is directed to a number of illumination systems making use of lamps and reflectors having predetermined optical configurations and arranged to insure minimal glare in the eyes of an operator using the equipment in which the illumination systems are incorporated. A first version involves a stationary paraboloid reflector cooperating with a moving parabolic cylinder reflector to illuminate an original document during a copying operation. In a second version, the moving reflector is split into two reflectors each having distinct parabolic configurations and different focal lengths. In still another version, only a single reflector is arranged for movement during scanning of an original document to project a line of light and has a predetermined configuration which is parabaloid in one direction and substantially elliptical in a direction transverse to the first direction.