Showing papers on "Shadow (psychology) published in 1975"

British foreign policy: a review of some recent literature

Abstract: THERE must now be a case for classifying books on post-war British foreign policy as ‘whodunnits’. Certainly everybody is agreed about the victim. Britannia, the once proud, imperious mistress of the seas and a mighty empire, lies exhausted and bereft, a mere shadow of her former self. Of course she is not exactly dead, but plainly a terrible catastrophe has befallen her. Her continued survival appears to rest on a humiliating dependence on others. Far away are those heady days of 1946 when Abdullah, the ruler of TransJordan could be summoned to London to be told that the British Government had decided that his country was to be an independent state and he was to be its King, and when, perhaps even more remarkable in the light of present circumstances, the British gave £100 million in economic aid to West Germany.

Part I. Beyond the Doubt of a Shadow

Abstract: We all presumably have some idea of a shadow. For the seeing of shadows is part of ordinary experience, and talking about shadows is part of ordinary language. In this paper we propose to investigate our common idea of a shadow. We will first present a preliminary account of shadows which is meant to be plausible. We trust you will agree in finding it so. Then in terms of a special imaginary case we will throw this preliminary version into doubt, leading to the suspicion that our common operative idea of shadows is confused or inconsistent. Afterwards, however, we will attempt to resolve this doubt by showing that closer attention to both the ordinary phenomenon and the ordinary language of shadows reveals our common idea of a shadow to be clear and consistent after all, but more subtle than at first appears. Finally, we will characterize in a general way the phenomenologico-linguistic method of analysis which seems to be successful in handling our particular problem and therefore likely to be fruitful in similar cases.

Howells and william james: "a case of metaphantasmia" solved

Abstract: of fictional experiments exploring and describing the shadowy territory of dreams, subconscious motive, and parapsychological experience. This enterprise stimulated Howells to bold technical innovations, especially in the use of unreliable and multiple narrators. Perhaps The Shadow of a Dream (1890) is the best known of the resulting fictions, which I call "psychic romances." Howells' experiments continued, however, in a series of short stories, most of which he collected in two volumes, Questionable Shapes (1903) and Between the Dark and the Daylight (1907). Though almost totally ignored by critics, and misread and undervalued by most of the few who have examined them, these stories contain some of Howells' finest writing and anticipate, in several ways, key issues and concerns of twentieth-century fiction.' In one such story, "A Case of Metaphantasmia," Howells invented a form of stream-of-consciousness narrative years before the writers who gave it literary currency. The merit and technical achievement of these psychic romances does not depend on questions of source and influence. Nevertheless, our understanding of the stories may be heightened by examining the ways in which Howells' imagination worked upon his sources, and several such sources can be identified: psychological texts, the investigations of the Society for Psychical Research, anecdotes told to Howells, and, of course, his own experiences. Thus The Shadow of a Dream draws upon Howells' own humiliation by guilty dreams and on the psychological theories of Theodule Ribot, whose Diseases of Personality is discussed by characters in the